PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Proviverrinae

Mammalia - Creodonta

Taxonomy

Proviverrinae was named by Schlosser (1886). Its type is Proviverra. It was considered paraphyletic by Gheerbrant et al. (2006) and Peigné et al. (2007).

It was reranked as the family Proviverridae by Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Hay (1902).

It was assigned to Creodonta by Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Hay (1902); to Hyaenodontidae by Gheerbrant et al. (2006), Peigné et al. (2007), Bajpai et al. (2009), Solé (2013), Solé et al. (2014) and Solé et al. (2014); and to Hyaenodontoidea by Solé and Mennecart (2019).

Subtaxa

Alienetherium, Allopterodon (syn. Hurzelerius), Consobrinus, Lesmesodon, Minimovellentodon, Morlodon, Paenoxyaenoides, Parvagula, Praecodens, Proviverra (syn. Geiselotherium, Prorhyzaena, Mimocyon) (type genus)

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1886	Proviverrinae Schlosser
1891	Proviverridae Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1902	Proviverridae Hay p. 751
2006	Proviverrinae Gheerbrant et al. p. 476
2007	Proviverrinae Peigné et al. p. 445
2009	Proviverrinae Bajpai et al. p. 103
2013	Proviverrinae Solé
2014	Proviverrinae Solé et al.
2014	Proviverrinae Solé et al.
2019	Proviverrinae Solé and Mennecart

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Ferae	()
order	Creodonta	()
order	Hyaenodonta	()
superfamily	Hyaenodontoidea	Leidy 1869
subfamily	Proviverrinae	Schlosser 1886
subfamily	Proviverrinae	Schlosser 1886

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Proviverrinae Schlosser 1886

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G. †Alienetherium Lange-Badre 1981

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†Alienetherium buxwilleri Lange-Badré 1981

G. †Allopterodon Ginsburg 1978

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†Allopterodon bulbosus Lange-Badré 1979

†Allopterodon minor Lange-Badré 1979

†Allopterodon torvidus Van Valen 1965

Invalid names: Prodissopsalis phonax Van Valen 1965 [synonym]

Invalid names: Hurzelerius Lange-Badré 1984 [synonym]

G. †Consobrinus Lange-Badre 1979

G. †Lesmesodon Morlo and Habersetzer 1999

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†Lesmesodon behnkeae Morlo and Habersetzer 1999

†Lesmesodon edingeri Morlo and Habersetzer 1999

G. †Minimovellentodon Solé et al. 2014

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†Minimovellentodon russelli Solé et al. 2014

G. †Morlodon Solé 2013

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†Morlodon vellerei Solé 2013

G. †Paenoxyaenoides Lange-Badre 1979

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†Paenoxyaenoides liguritor Lange-Badré 1979

G. †Parvagula Lange-Badré 1987

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†Parvagula palulae Lange-Badré 1987

G. †Praecodens Lange-Badre 1981

G. †Proviverra Rütimeyer 1862

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†Proviverra americana Scott 1892

†Proviverra americanus Scott 1892

†Proviverra edingeri Springhorn 1982

†Proviverra longipes Peterson 1919

†Proviverra typica Rütimeyer 1862

Invalid names: Geiselotherium Matthes 1952 [synonym], Mimocyon Peterson 1919 [synonym], Prorhyzaena Rutimeyer 1891 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
E. Gheerbrant et al. 2006	Hyaenodontidae with narrow skull and long face; Mf; molars tritubercular above, tuberculo-sectorial below; metaconids present on lower molars; carnassial specialization less advanced [After Matthew 1909].

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

scansorialsubc

Diet:

insectivoresubc

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-09-06 20:43:42

Modified:

2005-09-06 22:44:32

Source: subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Thanetian to the top of the Uintan or 59.20000 to 39.70000 Ma

Collections (21 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Thanetian	59.2 - 56.0	Morocco (Meknès-Tafilalet)	Proviverrinae indet. (88301)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)	Parvagula palulae (178050)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Marne)	Minimovellentodon russelli (35533) Morlodon vellerei (35535)
Ypresian - Lutetian	56.0 - 41.3	France (Languedoc-Roussillon)	Proviverra typica (182519)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	France (Hérault)	Parvagula palulae (182645)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	France (Corbieres)	Hyracolestes sp. (92838)
MP 10	55.8 - 48.6	Spain (Catalonia)	Proviverra sp. (182236)
MP 8 + 9	55.8 - 48.6	France (Picardie)	Morlodon vellerei (84997)
MP 8 + 9	55.8 - 48.6	France	Morlodon vellerei (182640)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt)	Geiselotherium pilzi, Geiselotherium robustum (45747) Proviverra gracilis, Proviverra pilzi, Proviverra typica, Geiselotherium pilzi, Geiselotherium robustum (45001) Proviverra typica (13322)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Namibia (Sperrgebiet)	Proviverrinae indet. (149173)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	France (Alsace Region)	Proviverra typica (31609)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Utah)	Mimocyon longipes (16607)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	Spain (Castilla y Leon)	Carnivora indet. (40358)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	France (Picardie Region)	Proviverra sp. (12847)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	United Kingdom (England)	Allopterodon minor (39014)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	Switzerland (Baselland)	Allopterodon torvidus (182806) Proviverra typica, Prototomus torvidus (31719)