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Trichechinae

Mammalia - Sirenia - Trichechidae

Taxonomy
Trichechidae was named by Gray (1825). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Rosmaridae by Gill (1866); it was synonymized subjectively with Odobaenidae by Allen (1880); it was synonymized subjectively with Odobenidae by Hay (1902), Weber (1928) and McKenna and Bell (1997); it was reranked as the family Trichechinae by Gray (1866), Domning (1994), Voss (2014) and Domning (2018).

It was assigned to Cetae by Gray (1825); to Phocidae by Gray (1866); to Pinnipedia by Ameghino (1889); to Pinnipedia by Bonaparte (1850), Gray (1871), Flower (1883), Trouessart (1898) and Trouessart (1904); to Phocidi by Jaekel (1911); to Pinnipedia by Lydekker (1885), Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Zittel (1925); and to Trichechidae by Domning (1994), Voss (2014) and Domning (2018).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1825Trichechidae Gray p. 340
1850Trichechidae Bonaparte p. 1
1866Trichechinae Gray p. 31
1871Trichechidae Gray p. 4
1883Trichechidae Flower p. 185
1885Trichechidae Lydekker p. 197
1889Trichechidae Ameghino p. 342
1891Trichechidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1898Trichecidae Trouessart p. 375
1904Trichechidae Trouessart p. 281
1911Trichechidae Jaekel p. 229
1925Trichechidae Zittel p. 78
1994Trichechinae Domning p. 189
2014Trichechinae Voss p. 91 figs. Figure 3
2018Trichechinae Domning p. 857 figs. Fig. 1

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
RankNameAuthor
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
—Tethytheria
orderSirenia()
familyTrichechidae()
familyTrichechinae()
familyTrichechinae()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Trichechinae Gray 1825
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G. †Potamosiren Reinhart 1951
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Invalid names: Metaxytherium ortegense Kellogg 1966 [synonym]
G. †Ribodon Ameghino 1883
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†Ribodon limbatus Ameghino 1883
G. Trichechus Linnaeus 1758 [manatee]
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†Trichechus hesperamazonicus Perini et al. 2020
Trichechus inunguis Natterer 1883 [Amazonian manatee]
Trichechus manatus Linnaeus 1758
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Invalid names: Manatus americanus De Kay 1842 [synonym], Manatus australis Retzius 1794 [synonym], Manatus koellikeri Trouessart 1904 [synonym]
Trichechus senegalensis Link 1795 [West African manatee]
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Invalid names: Manatus senegalensis Desmarest 1817 [synonym]
Invalid names: Halipaedisca Gistel 1848 [synonym], Manatus Brunnich 1772 [synonym], Neodermus Rafinesque 1815 [synonym], Oxystomus Fischer von Waldheim 1803 [synonym]
Invalid names: Trichechina Bonaparte 1850 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: freshwaterf
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: aquaticf
Diet: herbivoref
Reproduction: viviparousf
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:10
Modified: 2017-04-17 10:41:58
Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991, Carroll 1988, Domning 1978

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Burdigalian to the top of the Holocene or 20.44000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 17.5 Ma

Collections (31 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cenozoic66.0 - 0.0Brazil (Amazonas) Trichechus sp. (217666)
Colhuehuapian21.0 - 17.5Peru Trichechinae indet. (176149)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Colombia (Cundinamarca) Potamosiren magdalenensis (190374)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Venezuela (Falcon) Potamosiren sp. (146406)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia (Tolima) Metaxytherium ortegense (64781)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia Potamosiren magdalenensis (13750)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia (Huila) Potamosiren magdalenensis (58455 140051 188021 188239 188240)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Brazil (Acre) Ribodon limbatus (55602)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Argentina (Entre Rios) Ribodon limbatus (13626)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Venezuela Ribodon sp. (92751)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Brazil Trichechus sp. (57989)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Brazil (Acre) Ribodon sp. (134808)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Venezuela (Falcon) Ribodon indet. (146429 146431 146447)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (New Jersey) Trichechus sp. (65469)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil Trichechus sp. (65139)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Trichechus sp. (65405)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (Texas) Trichechus manatus (225289)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Trichechus sp. (154771)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Trichechus manatus (154804)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Trichechus manatus (20636 20653)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Brazil (Rondonia) Trichechus sp. (197104)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Brazil Trichechus sp. (168590)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (North Carolina) Trichechus manatus (65172)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Liberia Trichechus inunguis (168589)