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Cetiosaurus oxoniensis

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis was named by Phillips (1871). Its type specimen is OUM J13605-13613, 13615-13616, 13619-13688, 13899, a set of postcrania, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Bletchington Station (OUM), which is in a Bathonian terrestrial sandstone/shale in the Forest Marble Formation of the United Kingdom. It was considered monophyletic by Upchurch and Martin (2003).

It was recombined as Ceteosaurus oxoniensis by Hulke (1887); it was recombined as Ornithopsis oxoniensis by Seeley (1889) and Seeley (1889).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1870Cetiosaurus giganteus Owen
1870Cetiosaurus giganteus Phillips p. 16
1871Ceteosaurus giganteus Phillips p. 290
1871Ceteosaurus oxoniensis Phillips p. 291
1871Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Phillips p. 291 fig. 2
1882Ceteosaurus oxoniensis Etheridge p. 198
1887Ceteosaurus oxoniensis Hulke p. 375
1887Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Hulke p. 698
1888Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Lydekker pp. 56-57
1889Ornithopsis oxoniensis Seeley p. 395 fig. 2
1890Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Woodward and Sherborn p. 214
1890Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Zittel p. 705
1893Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Winkler p. 104
1895Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Lydekker p. 332
1898Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Woodward p. 201
1900Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Sauvage p. 504
1901Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Nopcsa p. 205
1927Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Huene p. 446
1928Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Perrier p. 3086
1932Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Stromer p. 9
1934Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Swinton p. 33
1939Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Kuhn p. 84
1944Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Huene p. 442
1964Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Tatarinov p. 544
1970Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Jones p. 149
1970Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Steel p. 64
1978Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Bonaparte p. 427 fig. 202
1979Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Jain et al. p. 206
1981Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Santafé-Llopis et al. p. 140
1986Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Bonaparte pp. 365-366
1990Cetiosaurus oxoniensis McIntosh p. 377
1992Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Cheevely and Chapman p. 347
1997Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Buffetaut p. 213
2002Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Upchurch and Martin p. 1052
2003Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Upchurch and Martin
2004Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Upchurch et al. p. 263
2006Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Galton and Knoll p. 905
2006Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Royo-Torres et al. fig. S4
2007Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Naish and Martill p. 497
2010Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Barrett et al. p. 116
2011Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Buffetaut et al. p. 153
2011Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Taylor et al. p. 90
2013Cetiosaurus oxoniensis International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature p. 48
2014Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Mocho et al.
2015Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Manning et al. p. 5
2016Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Mocho et al. p. 236
2019Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Holwerda et al. p. 2
2019Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Raveloson et al. p. 1
2021Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Ren et al. p. 1875

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
RankNameAuthor
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Saurischia()
—Sauropoda()
—Gravisauria
genusCetiosaurus
speciesoxoniensis

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Phillips 1871
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Invalid names: Cetiosaurus giganteus Owen 1870 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
P. M. Upchurch and J. Martin 2003Medium to large non-neosauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic, distinguished by the following autapomorphies: (1) symmetrical ‘pyramid’-shaped neural spines on posterior cervicals and anterior dorsals; (2) loss of the spinodiapophyseal lamina (or complete fusion of this lamina with the spinopostzygapophyseal lamina) on all dorsal neural spines; (3) distal caudal centra have ‘tongue’-like projections on their articular faces which extend the floor of the neural canal anteroposteriorly; (4) distal shafts of anterior chevrons are anteroposteriorly compressed and do not taper to a transversely flattened distal end; (5) triangular hollow, bounded dorsally by a horizontal ridge, on the lateral surface of the base of the pubic process of the ilium.
Body mass estimates
estimateequationreference
 39.1 tons Sauropoda femur circumferenceAnderson et al. 1985
 15.8 tons Sauropoda humerus circumferenceAnderson et al. 1985
mean: 24.9 tons
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
femur circumference1683.0----
fibula circumference1300.0----
humerus circumference2584.4575.0594.0584.513.4
tibia circumference1300.0----
ulna circumference1346.0----

Composition: hydroxyapatiteinfrao
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 10 to < 100infrao
Adult width: 10 to < 100infrao
Adult height: 10 to < 100infrao
Thickness: thickinfrao
Architecture: compact or denseinfrao
Form: sphericalinfrao
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partsinfrao
Grouping: gregariousinfrao
Environment: terrestrialinfrao
Locomotion: actively mobileinfrao
Life habit: ground dwellinginfrao
Diet: herbivoreinfrao
Reproduction: oviparousinfrao
Dispersal: direct/internalinfrao
Dispersal 2: mobileinfrao
Created: 2005-08-24 13:35:26
Modified: 2005-08-24 15:35:26
Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder
References: Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875

Age range: Bathonian or 168.30000 to 166.10000 Ma

Collections (6 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Bajocian171.6 - 167.7United Kingdom (England) Cetiosaurus oxoniensis (27876)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1United Kingdom (England) Cetiosaurus medius (52591) Cetiosaurus sp. (52510)
Late/Upper Bathonian167.7 - 164.7United Kingdom (England) Ceteosaurus oxoniensis (type locality: 53520) Cetiosaurus giganteus (68658)
Middle Bathonian167.7 - 164.7United Kingdom (England) Ungulata indet. (59716)