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Palaeoniscoidei

Palaeonisciformes

Taxonomy
Palaeoniscoidei is a suborder. It is not extant.

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Actinopterygii by Patterson (1982).

It was assigned to Palaeonisciformes by Schaeffer (1967), Daly (1973) and Nelson (2006).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1967Palaeoniscoidei Schaeffer
1973Palaeoniscoidei Daly p. 564
2006Palaeoniscoidei Nelson p. 91

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
orderPalaeonisciformesHay 1902
suborderPalaeoniscoidei
suborderPalaeoniscoidei

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. †Palaeoniscoidei
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G. †Lawnia Wilson 1953
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Lawnia taylorensis Wilson 1953
G. †Tchekardichthys Prokofiev 2005
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Tchekardichthys sharovi Prokofiev 2005
G. †Tholonosteon Beltan 1977
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Fm. †Birgeriidae Berg 1940
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G. †Birgeria Stensiö 1919
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Birgeria acuminata Agassiz 1843
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Invalid names: Saurichthys listroconus Plieninger 1844 [synonym], Saurichthys longiconus Plieninger 1844 [synonym]
Birgeria aldingeri Romano et al. 2017
Birgeria americana Romano et al. 2017
Birgeria costata Münster 1839
Birgeria groenlandica Stensiö 1932
Birgeria groenlandica Stensiö 1932
Birgeria guizhouensis Liu et al. 2006
Birgeria liui Jin 2001
Birgeria mougeoti Agassiz 1843
Birgeria nielseni Lehman 1948
Birgeria stensioei Aldinger 1931
Birgeria velox Jordan 1907
Invalid names: Severnichthys Storrs 1994 [nomen dubium], Xenesthes Jordan 1907 [replaced]
Fm. †Dicellopygidae Romer 1945
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G. †Brachydegma Dunkle 1939
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Brachydegma caelatum Dunkle 1939
G. †Lawrenciella Poplin 1984
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Lawrenciella schaefferi Poplin 1984
G. †Muensterichthys Schaumberg 1989
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Muensterichthys buergeri Schaumberg 1989
Fm. †Palaeoniscidae Vogt 1852
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G. †Alvinichthys Esin 1995
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Alvinichthys curtus Krotov 1904
G. †Ambodipia Beltan 1968
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G. †Apateolepis Woodward 1890
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Apateolepis australis Woodward 1890
G. †Canobius Traquair 1881
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Canobius elegantulus Traquair 1881
Canobius ramsayi Traquair 1881
G. †Carboveles White 1927
G. †Cryphiolepis Traquair 1881
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Cryphiolepis striatus Traquair 1881
G. †Cycloptychius Young 1866
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Cycloptychius bidens Matveeva 1958
Cycloptychius concentricus Traquair 1881
Cycloptychius loocki Evans 2005
G. †Dicellopyge Brough 1931
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+
Invalid names: Helichthys draperi Smith-Woodward 1893 [synonym]
Dicellopyge macrodentata Brough 1931
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Invalid names: Helichthys tenuis Broom 1913 [synonym]
G. †Ferganiscus Sytchevskaya and Kakolev 1999
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Ferganiscus osteolepis Sytchevskaya and Kakolev 1999
G. †Ganolepis Woodward 1893
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Ganolepis gracilis Woodward 1893
G. †Gonatodus Traquair 1877
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Gonatodus brainerdi Thomas 1853
Gonatodus punctatus Agassiz 1835
Gonatodus toilliezi Koninck 1878
G. †Grygorichthys Esin 1990
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Grygorichthys murchisoni Fischer von Waldheim 1842
G. †Guizhouniscus Liu 2003
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G. †Gyrolepis Agassiz 1833
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Gyrolepis albertii Agassiz 1834
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Invalid names: Gyrolepis maximus Agassiz 1834 [synonym], Gyrolepis tenuistriatus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
Gyrolepis biplicatus Münster 1841
Gyrolepis giganteus Agassiz 1835
Gyrolepis ornatus Giebel 1848
Gyrolepis quenstedti Dames 1888
Gyrolepis rankinii Agassiz 1844
G. †Holurus Traquair 1881
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Holurus fulcratus Traquair 1881
Holurus parki Traquair 1881
G. †Koinichthys Esin 1996
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Koinichthys ivachenkoi Nurgaliev et al. 2015
G. †Myriolepis Egerton 1864
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Myriolepis clarkei Egerton 1864
Myriolepis hibernica Traquair 1893
Myriolepis latus Woodward 1890
G. †Nematoptychius Traquair 1875
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Nematoptychius greenocki Traquair 1866
G. †Oxygnathus Egerton 1854
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Oxygnathus browni Broom 1913
Oxygnathus egertoni Egerton 1858
Oxygnathus ornatus Egerton 1854
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Invalid names: Thrissonotus colei Agassiz 1843 [synonym]
Invalid names: Pteroniscus Berg 1949 [nomen nudum]
G. †Palaeoniscum Blainville 1818
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Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864
Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886
Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856
Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998
Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885
Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829
Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818
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Invalid names: Palaeoniscum longissimus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Palaeoniscus comtus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880
Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900
Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886
Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868
Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877
Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835
Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871
Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818
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Invalid names: Palaeoniscus macropomus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeoniscus magnus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862
Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833
Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857
Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841
Invalid names: Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864 [valid], Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998 [valid], Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885 [valid], Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829 [valid], Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880 [valid], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900 [valid], Palaeoniscum macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868 [valid], Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877 [valid], Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871 [valid], Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862 [valid], Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833 [valid], Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857 [valid], Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841 [valid], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum]
G. †Palaeoniscum Blainville 1818
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Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864
Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886
Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856
Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998
Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885
Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829
Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818
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Invalid names: Palaeoniscum longissimus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Palaeoniscus comtus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880
Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900
Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886
Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868
Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877
Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835
Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871
Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818
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Invalid names: Palaeoniscus macropomus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeoniscus magnus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862
Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833
Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857
Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841
Invalid names: Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864 [valid], Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998 [valid], Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885 [valid], Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829 [valid], Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880 [valid], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900 [valid], Palaeoniscum macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868 [valid], Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877 [valid], Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871 [valid], Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862 [valid], Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833 [valid], Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857 [valid], Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841 [valid], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum]
G. †Paraeurynotus Obruschev 1962
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Paraeurynotus chabakovi Obruschev 1962
G. †Rhadinoniscus White 1937
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Rhadinoniscus wrighti White 1937
G. †Sixtelia Sytchevskaya 1999
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Sixtelia asiatica Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Strepheoschema White 1927
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G. †Suchonichthys Minikh 2001
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Suchonichthys molini Minikh 2001
G. †Tegeolepis Miller 1892
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Tegeolepis clarki Newberry 1888
Tegeolepis clarkii Newberry 1888
Invalid names: Actinophorus Newberry 1888 [synonym]
G. †Trachelacanthus Fisher von Waldheim 1850
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Trachelacanthus stschurovskii Fisher von Waldheim 1850
G. †Turfania Liu and Ma 1973
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Turfania taoshuyuanensis Liu and Ma 1973
Turfania vartus Wang 1979
G. †Turseodus Leidy 1857
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Turseodus acutus Leidy 1857
Turseodus dolorensis Schaeffer 1967
G. †Wayaobulepis Su 1999
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Invalid names: Isodus M'Coy 1848 [nomen dubium], Isodus leptognathus M'Coy 1848 [nomen dubium], Semionotus brodei Newton 1887 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Pygopteridae Aldinger 1937
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G. †Briveichthys Štamberg and Steyer 2021
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Briveichthys chantepieorum Štamberg and Steyer 2021
G. †Itararichthys Beltan 1977
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G. †Pygopterus Agassiz 1833
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Pygopterus bonnardi Agassiz 1833
Pygopterus concavus Henry 1876
Pygopterus crecelii Wilser 1923
Pygopterus degeeri Stensiö 1921
Pygopterus gleerupi Aldinger 1937
Pygopterus greenockii Agassiz 1843
Pygopterus humboldti Agassiz 1833
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Invalid names: Pygopterus mandibularis Agassiz 1839 [synonym]
Pygopterus jamesoni Agassiz 1843
Pygopterus latus Egerton 1850
Pygopterus lucius Agassiz 1833
Pygopterus nielseni Aldinger 1937
Pygopterus scoticus Agassiz 1833
Pygopterus sculptus Agassiz 1843
G. †Zaborichthys Štamberg 1989
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Zaborichthys fragmentalis Štamberg 1989
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G. †Grandfieldia Daly 1973
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Fm. †Rhadinichthyidae Romer 1945
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G. †Akanichthys Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
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Akanichthys minusculus Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
Akanichthys shevtshenkoi Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
G. †Cyranorhis Lund and Poplin 1997
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Cyranorhis bergeraci Lund and Poplin 1997
G. †Eurylepidoides Case 1935
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G. †Mentzichthys Jubb 1965
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Mentzichthys jubbi Gardiner 1969
Mentzichthys maraisi Gardiner 1969
Mentzichthys theroni Gardiner 1969
Mentzichthys walshi Jubb 1965
G. †Pteronisculus White 1933
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Pteronisculus aldingeri Nielsen 1942
Pteronisculus arambourgi Lehman 1952
Pteronisculus arcticus Schultze et al. 2021
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Invalid names: Glaucolepis arctica Stensiö 1932 [synonym], Glaucolepis arctica Stensiö 1932 [synonym]
Pteronisculus broughi Lehman 1952
Pteronisculus changae Ren and Xu 2021
Pteronisculus gunnari Nielsen 1942
Pteronisculus laetus Gardiner 1966
Pteronisculus magna Nielsen 1942
Pteronisculus meiringi Gardiner and Jubb 1975
Pteronisculus nevadanus Romano et al. 2019
Pteronisculus nielseni Xu et al. 2014
Pteronisculus stensioi Nielsen 1942
Invalid names: Glaucolepis Stensiö 1921 [replaced]
G. †Rhadinichthys Traquair 1877
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Rhadinichthys alberti Jackson 1851
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Invalid names: Canobius modulus Dawson 1877 [synonym]
Rhadinichthys angustulus Traquair 1881
Rhadinichthys argentinicus Tornquist 1904
Rhadinichthys brevis Traquair 1877
Rhadinichthys cairnsii Jackson 1851
Rhadinichthys canobiensis Traquair 1909
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Invalid names: Rhadinichthys delicatulus Traquair 1881 [synonym], Rhadinichthys elegantulus Traquair 1881 [synonym], Rhadinichthys geikiei Traquair 1881 [synonym]
Rhadinichthys carinatus Agassiz 1835
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Invalid names: Rhadinichthys tenuicauda Traquair 1877 [synonym]
Rhadinichthys ferox Traquair 1877
Rhadinichthys flexuosus Yankevich and Minikh 1998
Rhadinichthys formosus Traquair 1904
Rhadinichthys glabrolepis Elliott 2018
Rhadinichthys gracilis Newberry and Worthen 1870
Rhadinichthys grossarti Traquair 1878
Rhadinichthys hancocki Atthey 1875
Rhadinichthys hibernicus Traquair 1914
Rhadinichthys laevis Traquair 1911
Rhadinichthys lerichei Pruvost 1919
Rhadinichthys lineatus Newberry 1856
Rhadinichthys macconochii Traquair 1881
Rhadinichthys macconochii Traquair 1881
Rhadinichthys macrodon Traquair 1877
Rhadinichthys monensis Egerton 1850
Rhadinichthys plumosum Elliott 2018
Rhadinichthys renieri Pruvost 1919
Rhadinichthys rioniger Beltan 1977
Rhadinichthys tuberculatus Traquair 1881
Rhadinichthys wardi Ward 1875
Invalid names: Rhadinichthys athertonensis Lowney 1980 [nomen nudum], Rhadinichthys vagus Lowney 1980 [nomen nudum]
G. †Wendyichthys Lund and Poplin 1997
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Wendyichthys dicksoni Lund and Poplin 1997
Wendyichthys lautreci Lund and Poplin 1997
G. †Zhejiangichthys Wang et al. 2007
+
Zhejiangichthys zhaoi Wang et al. 2007
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 21:35:42
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:35:42
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Early/Lower Frasnian to the top of the Barremian or 383.70000 to 125.00000 Ma

Collections (526 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Russian Federation Palaeoniscidae indet. (90343)
Late/Upper Frasnian379.5 - 376.1Canada (Ontario) Palaeoniscidae indet. (226507)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9Belarus (Homel) Rhadinichthys delicatus, Rhadinichthys macconochii, Rhadinichthys tuberculatus (232528) Rhadinichthys macconochii, Rhadinichthys tuberculatus (232526)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Ohio) Tegeolepis clarki (226496 226497 226498)
Famennian - Tournaisian372.2 - 346.7Turkey (Hakkâri) Canobius sp., Amblypteridae indet. (230518)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7USA (Ohio) Gonatodus brainerdi (226404)
Kinderhookian360.7 - 353.8USA (Indiana) Rhadinichthys sp. (6730)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Canada (New Brunswick) Canobius modulus (230062 230097) Palaeoniscum sp. (230108 230109) Rhadinichthys sp., Palaeoniscus sp., Rhadinichthys elegantulus, Rhadinichthys cairnsi, Rhadinichthys alberti, Rhadinichthys modulus (230060)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Canada (Nova Scotia) Palaeoniscum sp. (230129) Rhadinichthys sp. (230133)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Belarus (Homel) Rhadinichthys sp., Holurus parki, Strepheoschema fouldensis (232533) Rhadinichthys sp., Strepheoschema fouldensis (232531)

Youngest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Luxembourg Birgeria sp., Gyrolepis sp. 1, Gyrolepis sp. 2 (67895)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region) Birgeria acuminatus, Birgeria sp., Gyrolepis albertii (31773) Birgeria acuminatus, Birgeria sp., Gyrolepis sp., Gyrolepis albertii, Gyrolepis quenstedti (31772) Birgeria sp. (166561) Gyrolepis sp., Gyrolepis albertii, Gyrolepis quenstedti (31774)
Hettangian201.3 - 199.3USA (New Jersey) Palaeoniscus latus (182625)
Planorbis201.3 - 196.5United Kingdom (England) Cosmolepis egertoni (122158) Oxygnathus egertoni (122157)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8United Kingdom (England) Oxygnathus ornatus (122153 122154) Thrissonotus colei, Oxygnathus ornatus (122155)
Bucklandi196.5 - 189.6Italy Pteroniscus sp. (90673)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7United Kingdom (England) Saurichthys acuminatus (105605)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Kazakhstan (Ongtüstik Qazaqstan) Pteroniscus sp. (92136)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian155.7 - 145.0USA (Colorado) Palaeoniscidae indet. (45975)
Berriasian - Barremian145.0 - 125.0Russian Federation (Sakha) Palaeoniscidae indet. (32313)