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Chirotherium rex

Reptilia - Chirotheriidae

Taxonomy
Chirotherium rex was named by Peabody (1948). It is considered to be a form taxon. Its type specimen is UCMP 37782, a footprint, and it is a trace fossil. Its type locality is UCMP V3856, Cameron, which is in an Aegean/Bithynian terrestrial mudstone in the Moenkopi Formation of Arizona.

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1948Chirotherium moquiensis Peabody pp. 374-375 figs. 26; Pl. 42D
1948Chirotherium rex Peabody p. 380 figs. Pl. 43
1952Chirotherium rex Bock p. 411
1958Chirotherium moquiensis Kuhn p. 21
1958Chirotherium rex Kuhn p. 21
1969Chirotherium moquinense Haubold p. 93 fig. 3
1969Chirotherium rex Haubold p. 93 fig. 3
1970Chirotherium rex Demathieu p. 160
1971Chirotherium moquinense Haubold p. 55
1971Chirotherium rex Haubold p. 55
1972Chirotherium moquinense Demathieu and Haubold p. 805
1972Chirotherium rex Demathieu and Haubold p. 805
1974Chirotherium moquinense Haubold p. 107
1974Chirotherium rex Haubold p. 107
1987Chirotherium moguinensis Conrad et al. p. 131
1987Chirotherium rex Conrad et al. p. 131
2010Chirotherium rex Klein and Lucas pp. 37, 46
2012Chirotherium rex Haderer and Sachs p. 7
2021Chirotherium rex Klein and Lucas p. 30

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
RankNameAuthor
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
—Pseudosuchia(Zittel 1890)
familyChirotheriidaeAbel 1935
genusChirotheriumKaup 1835
speciesrex

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Chirotherium rex Peabody 1948
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Invalid names: Chirotherium moquiensis Peabody 1948 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
F. E. Peabody 1948Footprints of a giant chirotheriid somewhat larger than C. moquiensis; pes length over 33 cm., but otherwise similar to C. moquiensis, except for claw impressions on pes digits I-IV whieh are rounded or spatulate-like instead of triangular; manus is hooflike with wide, stubby digits and with a strong claw on digit V.
F. E. Peabody 1948 (Chirotherium moquiensis)The footprints represent a giant chirotheriid of bulky foot structure; pes length 30 cm.; digits heavily padded, digits II-IV showing proximal and distal pads; pes digit V massive, with massive, elongate, metatarsal pad and strongly developed phalan­geal portion, pes digit IV shorter than III and subequal to II, and with weakly impressed base; manus relatively large and wide, with digit V often weakly impressed; claws trian­gular in outline.
H. Klein and S. G. Lucas 2021Footprints of large chirotheriids with a pes length of more than 33 cm. Digits I–IV with proportions III > II > IV > I, coalesced along 2/3 of their proximal length, forming a flat sole surface in which phalangeal and metatarsophalangeal pads are indistinct and have a straight posterior margin. Digit V as long as digit III and represented by a massive basal pad that runs into an elongate “heel” and lacks a distinct phalangeal portion. Claw impressions on pes digits I–IV rounded or spatulate-like; manus hooflike with wide and short, stubby digits tapering at their distal ends and indicating the presence of acuminate claws.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Diet: carnivoresubo
Created: 2009-01-03 20:38:45
Modified: 2009-01-03 22:38:45
Source: subo = suborder, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Benton 1983

Age range: base of the Spathian to the top of the Ladinian or 251.30000 to 237.00000 Ma

Collections (7 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Spathian251.3 - 247.2USA (Arizona) Chirotherium moquiensis (95109) Chirotherium rex (95107)
Aegean - Bithynian247.2 - 242.0USA (Arizona) Chirotherium rex (95093 type locality: 114094)
Aegean - Bithynian247.2 - 242.0USA (Utah) Chirotherium moquiensis (114090)
Illyrian247.2 - 242.0Italy Chirotherium rex (154341)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Argentina (Mendoza) Chirotherium rex (219953)