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Hesperornis regalis

Reptilia - Hesperornithiformes

Taxonomy
Hesperornis regalis was named by Marsh (1872). Its type specimen is YPM 1200, a partial skeleton (nearly complete entire posterior limbs, parts of the pelvis, several cervical and caudal vertebrae, and numerous ribs), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Goblin Hollow, which is in a Santonian marine shale in the Niobrara Formation of Kansas. It is the type species of Hesperornis.

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1872Hesperornis regalis Marsh pp. 360-363
1880Hesperornis regalis Marsh p. 5
1882Hesperornis regalis Quenstedt p. 135
1890Hesperornis regalis Zittel p. 828
1893Hesperornis regalis Marsh p. 82
1897Hesperornis regalis Marsh p. 527
1900Hesperornis regalis Van Den Broeck p. 76
1902Hesperornis regalis Hay p. 521
1903Hesperornis regalis Lucas p. 545
1915Hesperornis regalis Shufeldt p. 21
1930Hesperornis regalis Hay p. 278
1934Hesperornis regalis Swinton p. 3
1940Hesperornis regalis Wetmore p. 3
1956Hesperornis regalis Wetmore p. 4
1971Hesperornis regalis Brodkorb p. 39
1984Hesperornis regalis Martin p. 142
1991Hesperornis regalis Chatterjee p. 328
2000Hesperornis regalis Kurochkin p. 544
2002Hesperornis regalis Chiappe p. 452
2013Hesperornis regalis O'Connor and Zelenkov
2013Hesperornis regalis Zhou et al.
2016Hesperornis regalis Aotsuka and Sato
2016Hesperornis regalis Bell and Chiappe

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
RankNameAuthor
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
—PygostyliaChiappe 2002
—Ornithothoraces
—OrnithuromorphaChiappe et al. 1999
subclassOrnithurae
orderHesperornithiformesFürbringer 1888
—Hesperornithidae()
genusHesperornis
speciesregalis

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Hesperornis regalis Marsh 1872
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: aquaticg
Diet: piscivoreg
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-04 11:39:19
Modified: 2009-01-05 19:23:39
Source: g = genus, o = order
References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Padian 1985, Marsh 1875

Age range: Campanian or 83.60000 to 72.10000 Ma

Collections (19 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5USA (Kansas) Hesperornis regalis (type locality: 85284)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Canada (Manitoba) Hesperornis regalis (36710 36746)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Northwest Territories) Hesperornis regalis (106330 106331 106332 106334 106341)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Manitoba) Hesperornis regalis (193919 193920 193921 193922 193923 193924 193925 193926 193927)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (South Dakota) Hesperornis regalis (77316)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Alberta) Hesperornis regalis (36379)