Classification of Mabberley 2000
Ph. Pteridophyta Haeckel 1875 [fern]
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Cl. Equisetopsida Agardh 1825
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Cl. †Filicopsida Pfefferkorn 1976
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Fm. †Azollaceae Wettstein 1903
Fm. Dennstaedtiaceae Lotsy 1909
Fm. †Dipteridaceae Seward and Dale
Fm. †Gleicheniaceae Presl
Fm. †Hymenophyllaceae Link
Fm. †Loxsomataceae Presl
Fm. Matoniaceae Presl 1847
Fm. Ophioglossaceae Martinov 1820
Fm. Polypodiaceae Presl and Presl 1822
Fm. Pteridaceae Reichenbach
Fm. †Salviniaceae Lestiboudois
Invalid names: Cheiropleuriaceae Nakai [empty], Grammitidaceae Newman [empty], Hymenophyllopsidaceae Pichi-Sermolli [empty], Lophosoriaceae Pichi-Sermolli [empty], Monachosoraceae Ching [empty], Vittariaceae Ching [empty]
Cl. †Lycopsida
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Fm. Isoetaceae Dumortier 1829
Fm. Lycopodiaceae Mirbel 1802
Fm. Selaginellaceae Willkomm 1854 [spikemoss]
Invalid names: Psilotopsida Scott 1909 [empty]
Ph. †Gymnospermae
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Cl. Cycadopsida Brongniart 1843 [cycads]
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Fm. Cycadaceae Persoon 1807
Fm. Zamiaceae Horaninow 1834
Invalid names: Boweniaceae Stevenson [empty], Stangeriaceae Johnson [empty]
Cl. Gnetopsida Kirpotenko 1884
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Fm. Ephedraceae Dumortier 1829 [jointfir]
Fm. Welwitschiaceae Caruel
Invalid names: Gnetaceae Lindley 1834 [empty]
Or. Pinopsida Burnett 1833
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Fm. Araucariaceae Henckel and Hochstetter 1865
Fm. Cephalotaxacae Neger 1907
Fm. Cupressaceae Gray 1822 [cypress]
Fm. Podocarpaceae Endlicher 1847 [podocarp]
Fm. Taxaceae Gray 1822 [yew]
Invalid names: Phyllocladaceae [empty]
Ph. Angiospermae
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Cl. †Dicotyledoneae
Or. †Magnoliales Jussieu 1820
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Fm. Annonaceae de Jussieu 1789 [custard apple]
Fm. Calycanthaceae Lindley 1819
Fm. Chloranthaceae Sims 1820
Fm. †Lactoridaceae Engler 1888
Fm. Lauraceae Jussieu 1789 [laurel]
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G. Cinnamomum Schaeffer 1760 [cinnamon]
G. Laurus Linnaeus 1753
G. Litsea de Lamarck 1792
G. Persea Gaertner 1805
Fm. †Monimiaceae de Jussieu 1809
Fm. †Myristicaceae Brown 1810
Fm. †Trimeniaceae Gibbs 1917
Invalid names: Amborellaceae Pichon 1948 [empty], Amborellaceae Pichon 1948 [empty], Annonaceae de Jussieu 1789 [valid], Austrobaileyaceae Croizat 1943 [empty], Austrobaileyaceae Croizat 1943 [empty], Calycanthaceae Lindley 1819 [valid], Chloranthaceae Sims 1820 [valid], Degeneriaceae Bailey and Smith 1942 [empty], Degeneriaceae Bailey and Smith 1942 [empty], Eupomatiaceae Endlicher 1845 [empty], Eupomatiaceae Endlicher 1845 [empty], Gomortegaceae Reiche 1896 [empty], Gomortegaceae Reiche 1896 [empty], Hernandiaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1826 [empty], Hernandiaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1826 [empty], Himantandraceae Diels 1917 [empty], Himantandraceae Diels 1917 [empty], Lactoridaceae Engler 1888 [valid], Lauraceae Jussieu 1789 [valid], Magnoliaceae de Jussieu 1789 [valid], Monimiaceae de Jussieu 1809 [valid], Myristicaceae Brown 1810 [valid], Trimeniaceae Gibbs 1917 [valid]
Subcl. †Monocotyledoneae
Cl. †Dicotyledonae
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Subcl. †Asteridae
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Or. Asterales Link 1829
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Fm. †Campanulaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Compositae Giseke 1792
Fm. †Goodeniaceae Brown 1810
Fm. †Menyanthaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1829
Fm. †Stylidiaceae Brown 1810
Invalid names: Calyceraceae Richard 1820 [empty], Donatiaceae Chandler [empty], Pentaphragmataceae Agardh 1858 [empty], Sphenocleaceae Baskerville 1839 [empty]
Or. †Callitrichales
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Fm. †Hippuridaceae von Vest
Invalid names: Callitrichaceae von Berchtold and Presl [empty], Hydrostachyaceae Engler 1894 [empty]
Or. Dipsacales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. Adoxaceae Meyer 1839 [moschatel]
Fm. †Dipsacaceae de Jussieu
Fm. Valerianaceae Batsch 1802
Invalid names: Morinaceae Rafinesque-Schmaltz [empty]
Or. Gentianales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. Apocynaceae de Jussieu 1789 [dogbane]
Fm. †Asclepiadaceae Borkhausen
Fm. Gentianaceae de Jussieu 1789 [gentian]
Fm. †Loganiaceae Martinov 1827
Invalid names: Geniostomaceae Struwe and Albert [empty], Strychnaceae Perleb [empty]
Or. Lamiales Bromhead 1838
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Fm. Boraginaceae de Jussieu 1789 [borage]
Fm. †Labiatae de Jussieu
Fm. Verbenaceae Saint-Hilaire 1805 [verbena]
Invalid names: Avicenniaceae Endlicher [empty], Cyclocheilaceae Marais [empty], Lennoaceae zu Solms-Laubach [empty], Phrymaceae Schauer 1847 [empty], Stilbaceae Kunth 1831 [empty]
Or. †Rubiales
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Fm. †Gelsemiaceae Struwe and Albert 1995
Fm. Rubiaceae Jussieu 1789 [coffee]
Invalid names: Desfontainiaceae Endlicher [empty]
Or. †Scrophulariales
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Fm. Acanthaceae de Jussieu 1789 [acanthus]
Fm. Bignoniaceae de Jussieu 1789 [trumpet vine]
Fm. †Lentibulariaceae Richard 1808
Fm. †Orobanchaceae Ventenat 1799
Fm. †Pedaliaceae Brown 1810
Fm. Scrophulariaceae de Jussieu 1789 [figwort]
Invalid names: Buddlejaceae Wilhelm [empty], Gesneriaceae de Candolle 1816 [empty], Globulariaceae de Candolle [empty], Mendonciaceae Bremekamp [empty], Myoporaceae Brown [empty], Plocospermataceae Hutchinson 1973 [empty]
Invalid names: Plantaginales [empty]
Subcl. †Caryophyllidae
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Or. Caryophyllales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. †Amaranthaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. †Cactaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Caryophyllaceae Jussieu 1789 [carnation]
Fm. Chenopodiaceae Ventenant 1799
Fm. †Nyctaginaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. †Phytolaccaceae Brown 1818
Fm. Portulacaceae de Jussieu 1789 [purslane]
Invalid names: Achatocarpaceae Heimerl 1934 [empty], Aizoaceae Martinov 1820 [empty], Basellaceae Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1837 [empty], Didiereaceae Radlkofer 1896 [empty], Halophytaceae Soriano 1984 [empty], Hectorellaceae Philipson and Skipworth [empty], Molluginaceae Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1825 [empty], Stegnospermataceae Nakai 1942 [empty]
Invalid names: Plumbaginales [empty], Polygonales [empty]
Subcl. †Dilleniidae
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Or. Buxales Takhtajan 1996
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Fm. Buxaceae Dumortier 1822 [boxwood]
Fm. †Didymelaceae Leandri
Invalid names: Balanopaceae Bentham 1880 [empty], Daphniphyllaceae Mueller 1869 [empty], Simmondsiaceae Reveal and Hoogland 1900 [empty]
Or. †Capparidales
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Fm. †Akaniaceae Stapf 1912
Fm. Capparidaceae de Jussieu [caper]
Fm. †Cruciferae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. †Resedaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1820
Fm. Salvadoraceae Lindley 1836
Invalid names: Bataceae Perleb 1838 [empty], Bretschneideraceae Engler and Gilg [empty], Gyrostemonaceae Endlicher 1845 [empty], Limnanthaceae Brown 1833 [empty], Moringaceae Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1820 [empty], Pentadiplandraceae Hutchinson and Dalzell 1928 [empty], Tovariaceae Pax 1891 [empty], Tropaeolaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1824 [empty]
Or. Ericales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. †Actinidiaceae Gilg and Werdermann 1824
Fm. †Epacridaceae Brown
Invalid names: Byblidaceae Domin 1922 [empty], Cyrillaceae Endlicher 1846 [empty], Empetraceae von Berchtold and Presl [empty], Grubbiaceae Endlicher 1841 [empty]
Or. Malvales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. †Bixaceae Kunth 1822
Fm. †Bombacaceae Kunth
Fm. Dipterocarpaceae von Blume 1825
Fm. Geraniaceae de Jussieu 1789 [geranium]
Fm. Malvaceae de Jussieu 1789 [mallow]
Fm. Neuradaceae Link 1835
Fm. Sterculiaceae Ventenat 1807
Invalid names: Huaceae Chevalier 1947 [empty], Peridiscaceae Kuhlmann 1950 [empty], Sarcolaenaceae Caruel 1881 [empty]
Or. †Primulales
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Fm. †Myrsinaceae Brown
Fm. Primulaceae Borkhausen 1797 [primrose]
Invalid names: Theophrastaceae Link [empty]
Or. †Theales
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Fm. †Aquifoliaceae Richard 1820
Fm. †Ochnaceae de Candolle 1811
Fm. †Paracryphiaceae Airy Shaw 1965
Fm. †Pentaphylacaceae Engler 1897
Fm. †Styracaceae de Candolle and Sprengel 1821
Fm. †Tetrameristaceae Hutchinson 1959
Fm. Theaceae Ker-Gawler 1816 [tea]
Invalid names: Caryocaraceae Voigt 1845 [empty], Diapensiaceae Lindley 1836 [empty], Lissocarpaceae Gilg [empty], Marcgraviaceae de Candolle 1820 [empty], Medusagynaceae Engler and Gilg [empty], Parnassiaceae Martinov [empty], Pellicieraceae Bullock [empty], Quiinaceae Engler [empty], Sarraceniaceae Dumortier 1829 [empty], Scytopetalaceae Engler [empty]
Or. †Urticales
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Fm. Cannabaceae Martinov 1820 [hemp]
Fm. Moraceae Link 1835 [mulberry]
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G. Artocarpus Forster and Forster 1776
G. Ficus Linnaeus 1753 [fig]
Fm. Ulmaceae Brisseau-Mirbel 1815 [elm]
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G. Planera Gmelin 1791 [water elm]
G. Ulmus Linnaeus 1753 [elm]
Fm. Urticaceae de Jussieu 1789 [nettle]
Invalid names: Barbeyaceae Rendle 1916 [empty], Cecropiaceae Berg [empty]
Or. †Violales
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Fm. Cistaceae Jussieu 1789
Fm. †Cucurbitaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. †Datiscaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1829
Fm. †Elaeocarpaceae de Candolle 1816
Fm. Flacourtiaceae Richard and Candolle 1824
Fm. †Passifloraceae de Candolle 1806
Fm. Salicaceae Brisseau-Mirbel 1815
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G. Populus Linnaeus 1753 [poplar]
G. Salix Linnaeus 1753 [willow]
Fm. †Stachyuraceae Agardh 1858
Fm. Tamaricaceae Link 1821 [tamarisk]
Fm. †Violaceae Batsch 1802
Invalid names: Achariaceae Harms 1897 [empty], Begoniaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1824 [empty], Caricaceae Dumortier 1829 [empty], Dipentodontaceae Merrill 1941 [empty], Fouquieriaceae de Candolle 1828 [empty], Frankeniaceae Desvaux 1817 [empty], Hoplestigmataceae Gilg [empty], Loasaceae de Candolle 1804 [empty], Malesherbiaceae Don [empty], Plagiopteraceae Airy Shaw [empty], Scyphostegiaceae Hutchinson [empty], Turneraceae de Candolle [empty]
Invalid names: Euphorbiales [empty], Guttiferales [empty], Lecythidales [empty], Nepenthales [empty], Sapotales [empty]
Subcl. †Hamamelidae
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Or. Fagales Engler 1892
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Fm. Betulaceae Gray 1822 [birch]
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G. Betula Linnaeus 1753 [birch]
G. Carpinus Linnaeus 1753 [hornbeam]
G. Corylus Linnaeus 1753 [hazel]
Fm. Fagaceae Dumortier 1829
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G. Castanea Miller 1754 [chestnut]
G. Fagus Linnaeus 1753 [beech]
G. Quercus Linnaeus 1753 [oak]
Invalid names: Ticodendraceae Gomez-Laurito and Gomez (Pignataro) 1991 [empty]
Or. Trochodendrales Takhtajan 1981
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Fm. †Cercidiphyllaceae Engler 1907
Fm. Trochodendraceae Prantl 1865
Invalid names: Eupteleaceae Wilhelm 1910 [empty]
Invalid names: Casuarinales [empty], Eucommiales [empty], Hamamelidales [empty]
Subcl. †Magnoliidae
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Or. †Magnoliales Jussieu 1820
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Fm. Annonaceae de Jussieu 1789 [custard apple]
Fm. Calycanthaceae Lindley 1819
Fm. Chloranthaceae Sims 1820
Fm. †Lactoridaceae Engler 1888
Fm. Lauraceae Jussieu 1789 [laurel]
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G. Cinnamomum Schaeffer 1760 [cinnamon]
G. Laurus Linnaeus 1753
G. Litsea de Lamarck 1792
G. Persea Gaertner 1805
Fm. †Monimiaceae de Jussieu 1809
Fm. †Myristicaceae Brown 1810
Fm. †Trimeniaceae Gibbs 1917
Invalid names: Amborellaceae Pichon 1948 [empty], Amborellaceae Pichon 1948 [empty], Annonaceae de Jussieu 1789 [valid], Austrobaileyaceae Croizat 1943 [empty], Austrobaileyaceae Croizat 1943 [empty], Calycanthaceae Lindley 1819 [valid], Chloranthaceae Sims 1820 [valid], Degeneriaceae Bailey and Smith 1942 [empty], Degeneriaceae Bailey and Smith 1942 [empty], Eupomatiaceae Endlicher 1845 [empty], Eupomatiaceae Endlicher 1845 [empty], Gomortegaceae Reiche 1896 [empty], Gomortegaceae Reiche 1896 [empty], Hernandiaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1826 [empty], Hernandiaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1826 [empty], Himantandraceae Diels 1917 [empty], Himantandraceae Diels 1917 [empty], Lactoridaceae Engler 1888 [valid], Lauraceae Jussieu 1789 [valid], Magnoliaceae de Jussieu 1789 [valid], Monimiaceae de Jussieu 1809 [valid], Myristicaceae Brown 1810 [valid], Trimeniaceae Gibbs 1917 [valid]
Or. Nymphaeales Salisbury 1820
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Fm. †Cabombaceae Richard 1822
Fm. Nymphaeaceae Salisbury 1805 [water lily]
Or. Piperales von Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. Piperaceae Giseke 1792 [pepper]
Fm. †Saururaceae Voigt 1811
Or. Ranunculales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. Berberidaceae de Jussieu 1789 [barberry]
Fm. Fumariaceae Marquis 1820
Fm. †Lardizabalaceae Brown 1821
Fm. †Menispermaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. †Pteridophyllaceae Reveal and Hoogland
Fm. †Sabiaceae von Blume 1851
Invalid names: Circaeasteraceae Huchinson 1926 [empty], Papaveraceae de Jussieu 1789 [empty]
Invalid names: Aristolochiales [empty], Illiciales [empty], Nelumbonales [empty]
Subcl. Rosidae Takhtajan 1967
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Or. †Celastrales Link 1829
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Fm. Celastraceae Brown 1814 [bittersweet]
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G. Celastrus Linnaeus 1753
G. Elaeodendron von Jaquin 1782
Fm. Icacinaceae Miers 1851 [white pear]
Invalid names: Aextoxicaceae Engler and Gilg 1920 [empty], Cardiopteridaceae von Blume 1847 [empty], Corynocarpaceae Engler 1897 [empty], Dichapetalaceae Baillon 1886 [empty], Geissolomataceae Endlicher 1856 [empty], Stackhousiaceae Brown [empty]
Or. †Linales
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Fm. †Humiriaceae de Jussieu 1829
Fm. †Linaceae Perleb 1818
Invalid names: Erythroxylaceae Kunth 1822 [empty], Ixonanthaceae Exell and Mendonca 1858 [empty], Tepuianthaceae Maguire and Steyermark [empty]
Or. †Polygalales
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Fm. †Malpighiaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Polygalaceae von Hoffmannsegg and Link 1809 [milkwort]
Fm. †Xanthophyllaceae Reveal and Hoogland
Invalid names: Krameriaceae Dumortier 1829 [empty], Tremandraceae de Candolle [empty], Trigoniaceae Endlicher 1849 [empty], Vochysiaceae de Saint-Hilaire 1820 [empty]
Or. Proteales Jussieu 1829
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Fm. Elaeagnaceae de Jussieu 1789 [oleaster]
Fm. Proteaceae de Jussieu 1789
Or. †Rhamnales
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Fm. Rhamnaceae Jussieu 1789 [buckthorn]
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G. Paliurus Miller 1768
G. Rhamnus Linnaeus 1753 [buckthorn]
Invalid names: Leeaceae Dumortier [empty]
Or. Rosales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. †Anisophylleaceae Ridley 1922
Fm. †Connaraceae Brown 1818
Fm. Crassulaceae Saint-Hilaire 1805
Fm. Cunoniaceae Brown 1814
Fm. †Grossulariaceae de Candolle 1805
Fm. †Hydrangeaceae Dumortier 1829
Fm. †Pittosporaceae Brown 1814
Fm. Rosaceae Jussieu 1789 [rose]
Fm. †Saxifragaceae de Jussieu 1789
Invalid names: Alseuosmiaceae Airy Shaw 1965 [empty], Brunelliaceae Engler 1897 [empty], Bruniaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1825 [empty], Cephalotaceae Dumortier 1829 [empty], Chrysobalanaceae Brown 1818 [empty], Columelliaceae Don 1828 [empty], Crossosomataceae Engler 1897 [empty], Davidsoniaceae Bange [empty], Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini and Occhioni [empty], Eucryphiaceae Endlicher [empty], Greyiaceae Hutchinson [empty], Rhabdodendraceae Prance 1968 [empty], Surianaceae Arnott 1834 [empty]
Or. Santalales Brown 1820
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Fm. Loranthaceae de Jussieu 1808 [mistletoe]
Fm. †Olacaceae Martinov 1818
Fm. †Santalaceae Brown 1810
Invalid names: Balanophoraceae Richard 1822 [empty], Eremolepidaceae Nakai [empty], Medusandraceae Brenan [empty], Misodendraceae Agardh 1858 [empty], Opiliaceae Valeton 1886 [empty], Viscaceae Batsch [empty]
Or. Sapindales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. Balsaminaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1824 [balsam]
Fm. †Burseraceae Kunth 1824
Fm. †Coriariaceae de Candolle 1824
Fm. †Hippocastanaceae Richard
Fm. Meliaceae de Jussieu 1789 [mahogany]
Fm. Oxalidaceae Brown 1818 [wood sorrel]
Fm. Rutaceae de Jussieu 1789 [citrus]
Fm. †Simaroubaceae de Candolle 1811
Fm. †Staphyleaceae Martinov 1820
Fm. Zygophyllaceae Brown 1814 [caltrop]
Invalid names: Cneoraceae von Vest [empty], Irvingiaceae Exell and Mendonca 1951 [empty], Lepidobotryaceae Leonard 1950 [empty], Melianthaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1834 [empty], Nitrariaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1835 [empty], Picramniaceae Fernando and Quinn 1995 [empty], Ptaeroxylaceae Leroy [empty]
Invalid names: Haloragidales [empty], Podostemales [empty], Rhizophorales [empty]
Or. Cornales Link 1829
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Fm. †Alangiaceae de Candolle
Fm. Symplocaceae Desfontaines 1820 [sweetleaf]
Invalid names: Garryaceae Lindley 1834 [empty]
Cl. †Monocotyledonae
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Subcl. †Alismatidae
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Or. Alismatales Brown 1820
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Fm. †Cymodoceaceae Taylor 1895
Fm. Hydrocharitaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. †Juncaginaceae Richard 1808
Fm. †Najadaceae de Jussieu
Fm. Posidoniaceae Hutchinson 1895
Fm. Potamogetonaceae Reichenbach 1823 [pondweed]
Fm. Ruppiaceae Horaninow 1834 [widgeonweed]
Fm. †Zannichelliaceae Chevallier
Fm. Zosteraceae Dumortier 1829
Invalid names: Aponogetonaceae Agardh 1856 [empty], Butomaceae de Mirbel 1804 [empty], Scheuchzeriaceae Rudolphi 1830 [empty]
Invalid names: Triuridales [empty]
Subcl. †Arecidae
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Or. †Arales
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Fm. Araceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Lemnaceae Gray [duckweed]
Invalid names: Acoraceae Martinov 1820 [empty]
Invalid names: Cyclanthales [empty]
Subcl. †Commelinidae
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Or. †Commelinales Mirbel 1820
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Fm. Commelinaceae de Mirbel 1804 [dayflower]
Fm. Xyridaceae Agardh 1823 [yellow-eyed grass]
Invalid names: Mayacaceae Kunth 1842 [empty], Rapateaceae Dumortier 1829 [empty]
Invalid names: Cyperales [empty], Eriocaulales Mabberley 2000 [empty], Hydatellales [empty], Juncales [empty], Restionales [empty]
Subcl. †Liliidae
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Or. Asparagales Link 1829
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Fm. †Agavaceae Dumortier
Fm. Asphodelaceae Jussieu 1789
Fm. †Asteliaceae Dumortier 1829
Fm. †Convallariaceae Horaninow
Fm. †Dracaenaceae Salisbury
Fm. †Xanthorrhoeaceae Dumortier 1829
Invalid names: Alliaceae Borkhausen [empty], Amaryllidaceae Saint-Hilaire [empty], Anthericaceae Agardh [empty], Aphyllanthaceae Burnett [empty], Asparagaceae de Jussieu [empty], Blandfordiaceae Dahlgren and Clifford 1985 [empty], Cyanastraceae Engler [empty], Doryanthaceae Dahlgren and Clifford 1985 [empty], Eriospermaceae Endlicher [empty], Hemerocallidaceae Brown [empty], Hyacinthaceae Borkhausen [empty], Hypoxidaceae Brown 1814 [empty], Luzuriagaceae Lotsy [empty], Philesiaceae Dumortier 1829 [empty], Phormiaceae Agardh [empty], Tecophilaeaceae Leybold 1862 [empty], Trilliaceae Chevallier [empty]
Or. †Haemodorales
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Fm. †Pontederiaceae Kunth 1816
Invalid names: Haemodoraceae Brown 1810 [empty], Pentastemonaceae Duyfjes [empty], Philydraceae Link 1821 [empty], Stemonaceae Caruel 1878 [empty], Taccaceae von Berchtold and Presl [empty]
Or. Liliales Perleb 1826
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Fm. †Alstroemeriaceae Dumortier 1829
Fm. †Iridaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Liliaceae Jussieu 1789
Invalid names: Burmanniaceae von Blume 1827 [empty], Calochortaceae Dumortier [empty], Campynemataceae Dumortier 1829 [empty], Colchicaceae de Candolle 1804 [empty], Melanthiaceae Borkhausen 1797 [empty]
Invalid names: Orchidales [empty], Velloziales [empty]
Subcl. Zingiberidae
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Or. Zingiberales
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Fm. †Cannaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Marantaceae Brown 1814 [arrowroot]
Fm. †Musaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Zingiberaceae Martinov 1820
Invalid names: Lowiaceae Ridley 1924 [empty]
Invalid names: Bromeliales [empty]
Or. Canellales Cronquist 1957
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Invalid names: Canellaceae von Martius 1832 [empty]
Unr. Malvids
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Or. Myrtales Jussieu 1820
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Fm. †Combretaceae Brown 1810
Fm. Lythraceae Saint-Hilaire 1805
Fm. †Melastomataceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Myrtaceae de Jussieu 1789 [myrtle]
Fm. Onagraceae de Jussieu 1789 [willowherb]
Fm. Sonneratiaceae Engler
Invalid names: Crypteroniaceae de Candolle 1868 [empty], Oliniaceae Harvey and Sonder [empty], Penaeaceae Guillemin 1828 [empty], Punicaceae Horaninow [empty], Rhynchocalycaceae Johnson and Briggs [empty]
Unr. Lamiids The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016
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Or. Solanales Jussieu 1820
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Fm. Convolvulaceae de Jussieu 1789 [bindweed]
Fm. †Polemoniaceae de Jussieu 1789
Fm. Solanaceae de Jussieu 1789 [nightshade]
Invalid names: Hydrophyllaceae Brown [empty], Nolanaceae Dumortier [empty]