PBDB Collection

Vellberg-Eschenau: Longobardian, Germany
collected 1980-

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Chondrichthyes - Hybodontiformes

	Lissodus sp. Brough 1935	Martinelli et al. 2016
Saurichthyiformes - Saurichthyidae

	Saurichthys sp. Agassiz 1834	Martinelli et al. 2016
Actinopteri - Perleidiformes - Perleididae

	Dipteronotus sp. Egerton 1854	Martinelli et al. 2016
Actinopteri - Semionotiformes

	Serrolepis sp. Quenstedt 1852	Martinelli et al. 2016
Palaeonisciformes - Redfieldiidae

	Redfieldiidae indet. Hutchinson 1973	Martinelli et al. 2016
Palaeonisciformes - Scanilepididae

	Scanilepididae indet. Aldinger 1937	Martinelli et al. 2016
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Trematosauridae

	Trematolestes hagdorni Schoch 2006	Schoch 2008
Amphibia - Temnospondyli

	Callistomordax kugleri n. gen., n. sp. Schoch 2008	Schoch 2008	11 specimens
	SMNS 82035 (holotype), nearly complete skeleton. SMNS 90516, 55385, 90519, 90520, 90700, MHI-K1-K5

	Mastodonsaurus giganteus (Jaeger 1828)	Schoch 1999	20 elements
	Intercentra
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Mastodonsauridae

	Kupferzellia wildi Schoch 1997	Schoch and Werneburg 1999
	recombined as Tatrasuchus wildi
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Plagiosauridae

	Megalophthalma ockerti n. gen., n. sp. Schoch et al. 2014	Schoch et al. 2014
	MHI 2047 (Holotype: a partial skull with anterior portion of the left mandibular ramus)

	Plagiosuchus pustuliferus (Fraas 1896)	Damiani et al. 2009	2 specimens
	SMNS 57921, near complete skull and fragmentary postcranial remains; SMNS 83792, right dentary
Bystrowianidae

	Bystrowiella schumanni n. gen., n. sp. Witzmann et al. 2008
	SMNS 91034, holotype osteoderm
Reptilia

	Pappochelys rosinae n. gen., n. sp. Schoch and Sues 2015	Schoch and Sues 2015	20 specimens
	SMNS 91360, 90013, et al.
Reptilia - Owenettidae

	Owenettidae indet. Broom 1939	Martinelli et al. 2016
	SMNS 92100, humerus; Barasaurus?
Reptilia - Procolophonidae

	Procolophonidae indet. Lydekker 1889	Martinelli et al. 2016
	SMNS 91753, humerus
Reptilia

	Horaffia kugleri Klein and Hagdorn 2014	Klein and Hagdorn 2014
	MHI 2112/2, humerus

	Archosauriformes indet. Gauthier 1986	Schoch 2011	10 specimens
	SMNS 91128-91130, interclavicles, MHI-K 1, humerus, SMNS 91228, femur, SMNS 91127, 91316, 91329, tibiae, SMNS 91082, 91317, partial skeletons. All this material might represent a single or multiple taxa

	? Archosauria informal new taxon	Schoch 2011	2 specimens
	SMNS 91123, maxilla, possibly representing a new "rauisuchian"-grade pseudosuchian. SMNS 91124a, b, vertebrae associated with the maxilla

	Batrachotomus kupferzellensis Gower 1999	Gower and Schoch 2009	4 specimens
	SMNS 90018, partial postcranial skeleton. SMNS 90042, basisphenoid. SMNS 91049, calcaneum. MHI 1895, partial skeleton

	Jaxtasuchus salomoni n. gen., n. sp. Schoch and Sues 2014	Schoch and Sues 2014	32 specimens
	SMNS 91352A–C, a mostly articulated skeleton lacking the skull and cervical vertebrae, recovered as several blocks (holotype). SMNS 91083, a partial, disarticulated anterior portion of a skeleton. SMNS 91002, 90500, 81868, 81906, 90046, 81891-81905, 90530-90539

	Polymorphodon adorfi n. gen., n. sp. Sues et al. 2020	Sues et al. 2020	2 specimens
	SMNS 91343 (holotype), disarticulated partial skeleton preserved on three blocks of mudstone. SMNS 91400 (referred specimen), two blocks of mudstone preserving a small set of disarticulated skeletal elements including a left premaxilla

	Fraxinisaura rozynekae n. gen., n. sp. Schoch and Sues 2018	Schoch and Sues 2018	15 specimens
	SMNS 91547 (holotype). SMNS 91111, 91262, 91314, 91325, 91398, 91345, 91641, 91642, 91646, 91717, 91718, 91719, 91844, 92086
Reptilia - Rhynchocephalia

	Rhynchocephalia indet. Günther 1867	Jones et al. 2013	2 specimens
	SMNS 91060, right dentary bearing 6 teeth; SMNS 91061, left dentary bearing 9 teeth
Reptilia

	Vellbergia bartholomaei n. gen., n. sp. Sobral et al. 2020	Sobral et al. 2020	1 specimen
	SMNS 91590 (holotype), an approximately 12.5mm long partial skull exposed in left-lateral view

	Stauromatodon mohli n. gen., n. sp. Sobral et al. 2021	Sobral et al. 2021	1 specimen
	SMNS 91427 (holotype), A partial left dentary with five complete teeth, one partially preserved tooth, and two represented only by impressions; impression of the anterior portion of the dentary in the matrix
unclassified

	cf. Procolophonidae indet. Lydekker 1889	Schoch 2011	3 specimens
	SMNS 91315, right mandibular ramus. SMNS 91428, 91429
	= Colognathus sp. Case 1933	Sues and Schoch 2013
Coelacanthimorpha

	Actinistia indet. (Cope 1870)	Martinelli et al. 2016
Dipnoi

	Dipnoi indet. Müller 1884	Martinelli et al. 2016
see common names

Geography

Country:	Germany	State/province:	Baden-Württemberg	County:	Schwäbisch Hall
Coordinates:	49.1° North, 9.9° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	16.3° North, 17.5° East
Basis of coordinate:	estimated from map
Geographic resolution:	outcrop

Time

Period:	Triassic	Epoch:	Middle Triassic
Stage:	Ladinian	10 m.y. bin:	Triassic 2
Key time interval:	Longobardian
Age range of interval:	239.70000 - 237.00000 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Geological group:	Keuper	Formation:	Erfurt	Member:	Upper Lettenkeuper
Stratigraphic resolution:	bed
Stratigraphy comments: Collected from the "Untere Graue Mergel" of the Upper Lettenkeuper, now formally the Erfurt Formation of the Lower Keuper (see Deutsche Stratigraphische Kommission 2005: Cour. Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg 253:1-296). This locality is Longobardian (late Ladinian) in age. Locality consists of "a 1.5-m thick sequence of dark grey mudstones wedged in between two hard carbonate layers, each 0.8–1.2-m thick. The fossiliferous bed is located near the top of the mudstone sequence, formed by a 50–150mm-thick grey, decalciﬁed clay"

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	gray claystone
Includes fossils?	Y
Environment:	estuary/bay
Geology comments: "estuarine conditions, representing the brackish swamps and marshes that dominated much of southwestern Germany. The bivalve and ostracod faunas suggest a fluctuating salinity within that section, with the most fossiliferous beds having formed under oligohaline conditions." (Schoch 2008)

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Degree of concentration:	concentrated
Size of fossils:	macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:	good
Abundance in sediment:	abundant
Fragmentation:	occasional
Temporal resolution:	snapshot

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	selective quarrying,chemical,field collection
Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:	SMNS
Collection dates:	1980s-present

Metadata

Also known as:	Schumann Quarry
Database number:	101875
Authorizer:	R. Butler, M. Uhen, A. Dunhill, T. Cleary, P. Barrett, E. Dunne	Enterer:	R. Butler, M. Uhen, E. Dunne, T. Cleary, B. Allen
Modifier:	M. Carrano	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2011-01-04 20:12:47	Last modified:	2018-02-20 15:50:31
Access level:	the public	Released:	2011-01-04 20:12:47
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

34640.

F. Witzmann, R. R. Schoch, and M. W. Maisch. 2008. A relict basal tetrapod from Germany: first evidence of a Triassic chroniosuchian outside Russia. Naturwissenschaften 95:67-72 [R. Butler/R. Butler]

Secondary references:

35491		R. Damiani, R. R. Schoch, H. Hellrung, R. Werneburg, and S. Gastou. 2009. The plagiosaurid temnospondyl Plagiosuchus pustuliferus (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Middle Triassic of Germany: anatomy and functional morphology of the skull. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155:348-373 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
34641		D. J. Gower and R. R. Schoch. 2009. Postcranial anatomy of the rauisuchian archosaur Batrachotomus kupferzellensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29:103-122 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
55848		M. E. H. Jones, C. L. Anderson, C. A. Hipsley, J. Müller, S. E. Evans and R. R. Schoch. 2013. Integration of molecules and new fossils supports a Triassic origin for Lepidosauria (lizards, snakes, and tuatara). BMC Evolutionary Biology 13(208) [P. Barrett/T. Cleary]
66947		N. Klein and H. Hagdorn. 2014. Humerus morphology and histology of a new marine reptile (Diapsida) from the Muschelkalk-Keuper-Grenzbonebed (Middle Triassic, Ladinian) of Southwest Germany. Palaeodiversity 7:23-38 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]
66459		A. G. Martinelli, M. Bento Soares, and R. R. Schoch. 2016. Owenettids and procolophonids from the lower Keuper shed new light on the diversity of parareptiles in the German Middle Triassic. Journal of Paleontology 90(1):92-101 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]
33823		R. R. Schoch. 1999. Comparative osteology of Mastodonsaurus giganteus (Jaeger, 1828) from the Middle Triassic (Lettenkeuper: Longobardian) of Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Thüringen). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 278:1-170 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
34642		R. R. Schoch. 2008. A new stereospondyl from the German Middle Triassic, and the origin of the Metoposauridae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152:79-113 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
35657		R. R. Schoch. 2011. New archosauriform remains from the German Lower Keuper. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Abhandlungen 260:87-100 [R. Butler/R. Butler/R. Butler]
60044		R. R. Schoch, A. R. Milner, and F. Witzmann. 2014. Skull morphology and phylogenetic relationships of a new middle Triassic plagiosaurid temnospondyl from Germany, and the evolution of plagiosaurid eyes. Palaeontology 1-14 [R. Butler/E. Dunne/E. Dunne]
47030		R. R. Schoch and H.-D. Sues. 2014. A new archosauriform reptile from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of Germany. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12(1):113-131 [R. Butler/R. Butler/M. Carrano]
55686		R. R. Schoch and H.-D. Sues. 2015. A Middle Triassic stem-turtle and the evolution of the turtle body plan. Nature [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
66005		R. R. Schoch and H.-D. Sues. 2018. A new lepidosauromorph reptile from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of Germany and its phylogenetic relationships. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 38:e1444619 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
67041		R. R. Schoch and R. Werneburg. 1999. The Triassic labyrinthodonts from Germany. Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie Teil I 7-8:629-650 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]
35488		R. S. Schoch. 2006. A complete trematosaurid amphibian from the Middle Triassic of Germany. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(1):29-43 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
35487		R. S. Schoch. 2011. A procolophonid-like tetrapod from the German Middle Triassic. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 259(2):251-255 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
71814		G. Sobral, T. R. Simões, and R. R. Schoch. 2020. A tiny new Middle Triassic stem lepidosauromorph from Germany: implications for the early evolution of lepidosauromorphs and the Vellberg fauna. Scientific Reports 10(2273) [T. Cleary/T. Cleary]
77353		G. Sobral, H.-D. Sues, and R. Schoch. 2021. A new diapsid with a unique tooth structure from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of Germany. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology [E. Dunne/E. Dunne]
73358		H.-D. Sues, A. J. Fitch, and R. L. Whatley. 2020. A new rhynchosaur (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha) from the Upper Triassic of eastern North America. 40(2):e1771568:1-10 [E. Dunne/E. Dunne/M. Carrano]
57257		H.-D. Sues and R. R. Schoch. 2013. First record of Colognathus (?Amniota) from the Middle Triassic of Europe. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33(4):998-1002 [R. Butler/R. Butler]