Ray's Bonebed: Torrejonian, Texas
collected by J. Wilson, M. McKenna, G. Whitaker 1952, 1962–1963
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Reptilia
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Borealosuchus sp.
Brochu 1997
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Brochu 2000 | |||||||||
| TMM 40148 | ||||||||||
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= Bottosaurus fustidens n. sp.
Cossette 2021
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Cossette 2021 | |||||||||
| TMM 40148-7 - type | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Condylarthra
- Hyopsodontidae
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Protoselene opisthacus
(Cope 1882)
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Schiebout 1974 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Primates
- Microsyopidae
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Navajovius kohlhaasae
Matthew and Granger 1921
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Schiebout 1974 | |||||||||
| (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Primates
- Plesiadapidae
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Chiromyoides cf. minor
Gingerich 1975
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Gingerich 1976 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| TMM 40537-37; this is the only specimen of "Plesiadapis gidleyi" from Ray's Bonebed | ||||||||||
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= Chiromyoides sp.
Stehlin 1916
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Beard et al. 2020 | |||||||||
| interpreted as clearly distinct from C. minor | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Periptychidae
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Periptychus sp.
Cope 1881
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Williamson and Lucas 1993 | |||||||||
| TMM 40537; large; see also Williamson 1996 | ||||||||||
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Periptychus superstes
Matthew 1935
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| BEG 40537-59 | ||||||||||
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= Periptychus carinidens
Cope 1881
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
| TMM 41367 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Procreodi
- Arctocyonidae
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Tricentes truncatus
(Cope 1884)
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Schiebout 1974 | |||||||||
| (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
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= Chriacus baldwini
Cope 1882
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Phenacodontidae
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Phenacodus cf. grangeri
Simpson 1935
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3 specimens | |||||||||
| BEG 40148-10, 13; 40642-1 | ||||||||||
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= Phenacodus grangeri
Simpson 1935
|
Schiebout 1974 | |||||||||
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Phenacodus sp.
Cope 1873
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| or Gidleyina; BEG 40148-4, 6 (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
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= Phenacodus cf. matthewi
Simpson 1935
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Schiebout 1974 | |||||||||
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= Phenacodus bisonensis
Gazin 1956
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Thewissen 1990 | |||||||||
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Ectocion cf. montanensis
(Gidley 1935)
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Schiebout 1974 | |||||||||
| from TMM 40536 | ||||||||||
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= Phenacodus matthewi
Simpson 1935
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Thewissen 1990 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Pantolambdidae
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Barylambda jackwilsoni
Schiebout 1974
|
Schiebout 1974 | |||||||||
| synonym of Caenolambda jepseni | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
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Titanoides cf. gidleyi
Jepsen 1930
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Gingerich 1996 | |||||||||
| "may belong" to this species; "T. zeuxis" | ||||||||||
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Psittacotherium cf. multifragum
Cope 1882
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6 specimens | |||||||||
| BEG 40537-26, 33, 61; TMM 40148, 40535, 40536 | ||||||||||
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= Psittacotherium multifragum
Cope 1882
|
Schoch 1986 | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | Texas | County: | Brewster |
| Coordinates: | 29.5° North, 103.2° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 35.3° North, 84.7° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | estimated from map | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | local area |
Time
| Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Paleocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 1 | ||
| *Period: | Tertiary | ||
| Key time interval: | Torrejonian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 63.80000 - 60.90000 m.y. ago | ||
| * legacy (obsolete) database fields | |||
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | Black Peaks | ||||
| Local section: | BPeak | Local bed: | 4 | ||
| Local order: | bottom to top | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: Torrejonian based on Leslie et al. (2018)
in a reversed zone interpreted as chron C26r based on the position of the Paleocene-Eocene boundary higher in the section, and on being just below a single Class I site of normal polarity interpreted as C26n 75 ft above base of formation | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | not reported |
| Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | selective quarrying,surface (in situ),field collection | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis | ||
| Museum repositories: | TMM | ||
| Collectors: | J. Wilson, M. McKenna, G. Whitaker | Collection dates: | 1952, 1962–1963 |
Metadata
| Also known as: | TMM 40535 (Ray's Annex), 40536 (Ray's Bonebed/Needle's Eye), 40537 (Ray's Bone Bed West/Taeniodont Locality), 40148, 40642, 41368, 41367, 41273; T1 | ||
| Database number: | 14975 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy, M. Carrano, P. Mannion, K. Beard | Enterer: | J. Alroy, M. Carrano, P. Mannion, K. Beard |
| Modifier: | P. Mannion | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2002-05-15 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2021-02-17 13:02:02 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2002-05-15 00:00:00 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 68428. | J. A. Wilson. 1967. Early Tertiary mammals. In R. A. Maxwell, J. T. Lonsdale, R. T. Hazzard, & J. A. Wilson (eds.), Geology of Big Bend National Park, Brewster County, Texas. The University of Texas Publication 6711:157-169 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
Secondary references:
| 6294 | J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari] | |
| 72377 | K. C. Beard, M. F. Jones, N. A. Thurber and O. Sanisidro. 2020. Systematics and paleobiology of Chiromyoides (Mammalia, Plesiadapidae) from the upper Paleocene of western North America and western Europe. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1730389:1-22 [K. Beard/K. Beard/P. Mannion] | |
| 25722 | C. A. Brochu. 2000. Borealosuchus (Crocodylia) from the Paleocene of Big Bend National Park, Texas. Journal of Paleontology 74(1):181-187 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
| 72054 | A. P. Cossette. 2021. A new species of Bottosaurus (Alligatoroidea: Caimaninae) from the Black Peaks Formation (Palaeocene) of Texas indicates an early radiation of North American caimanines. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191(1):276-301 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
| 1635 | P. D. Gingerich. 1976. Cranial Anatomy and Evolution of Early Tertiary Plesiadapidae (Mammalia, Primates). University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 15:1-141 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion] | |
| 1664 | P. D. Gingerich. 1996. New Species of Titanoides (Mammalia, Pantodonta) from the Middle Clarkforkian (Late Paleocene) of Northwestern Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 29(14):403-412 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion] | |
| 3024 | J. A. Schiebout. 1974. Vertebrate paleontology and paleoecology of Paleocene Black Peaks Formation, Big Bend National Park, Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 24:1-88 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
| 3053 | R. M. Schoch. 1986. Systematics, Functional Morphology and Macroevolution of the Extinct Mammalian Order Taeniodonta. Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin 42:1-320 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
| 3401 | J. G. M. Thewissen. 1990. Evolution of Paleocene and Eocene Phenacodontidae (Mammalia, Condylarthra). University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 29:1-107 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion] | |
| 3649 | T. E. Williamson and S. G. Lucas. 1993. Paleocene vertebrate paleontology of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History Bulletin 2:105-136 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] |