Bitter Creek: Wasatchian, Wyoming

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae
Pelycodus praetutus n. sp. Gazin 1962
recombined as Copelemur praetutus
ref 6294: may include "Pelycodus" of Savage et al. 1972
Pelycodus cf. trigonodus Matthew 1915
    = Cantius frugivorus Cope 1875
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Primates - Paromomyidae
Phenacolemur cf. praecox Matthew 1915
    = Phenacolemurinae indet. Simpson 1955
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Primates - Microsyopidae
Cynodontomys angustidens Matthew 1915
recombined as Microsyops angustidens
ref 6294: probably includes "Microsyops" and "Uintasoricinae" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae
Tetonoides pearcei n. gen., n. sp. Gazin 1962
type is from "Lowest beds of Knight member... 1 1/4 miles south of Bitter Creek Station" (Gazin 1962); ref 6294: probably includes "Tetonoides" of Savage et al. 1972
Omomys sp. Leidy 1869
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae
Paramys excavatus Loomis 1907
"Rodentia" listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Creodonta - Oxyaenidae
Oxyaena sp. Cope 1874
    = Oxyaena lupina Cope 1874
Gunnell 1998
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Sinopa cf. multicuspis (Cope 1875)
    = Prototomus cf. secundarius Cope 1875
Alroy 2002
probably includes "Prototomus or Proviverra" listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia
cf. Vulpavus sp. Marsh 1871
probably includes "Miacidae" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Viverravidae
Viverravus cf. acutus Matthew and Granger 1915
Didymictis protenus (Cope 1874)
    = Didymictis sp. Cope 1875
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Acreodi - Mesonychidae
Pachyaena ossifraga Cope 1874
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hyracotherium pernix n. sp. (Marsh 1876)
Gingerich 1991
recombined as Arenahippus pernix
Gazin's "H. cf. angustidens"; Hyracotherium listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae
Hyracotherium sp. Owen 1841
large Hyracotherium sp. Gingerich 1991b: "Homogalax primaevus"; presumably includes "Homogalax" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Phenacodontidae
Meniscotherium cf. priscum Granger 1915
    = Meniscotherium cf. tapiacitum Cope 1882
Alroy 2002
replaces ID of Gazin 1962
Phenacodus cf. primaevus (Cope 1873)
    = Phenacodus sp. Cope 1873
Alroy 2002
probably includes "Phenacodus" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Diacodexeidae
Diacodexis cf. metsiacus (Cope 1882)
    = Diacodexis sp. Cope 1882
Alroy 2002
could be D. kelleyi or D. secans, see Krishtalka and Stucky 1985
Mammalia - Procreodi - Arctocyonidae
Chriacus sp. Cope 1883
Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Pantolestidae
Palaeosinopa sp. Matthew 1901
    = Palaeosinopa incerta Bown and Schankler 1982
Bown and Schankler 1982
P. sp. also listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Erinaceidae
Adapisoricinae indet. Schlosser 1887
Savage et al. 1972
invalid subgroup of Erinaceidae
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae
Nyctitheriidae indet. Simpson 1928
Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Macroscelidea - Apheliscidae
Haplomylus speirianus (Cope 1880)
probably includes "Haplomylus" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae
Hyopsodus cf. miticulus (Cope 1874)
    = Hyopsodus sp. Leidy 1870
Alroy 2002
Hyopsodus loomisi McKenna 1960
probably includes "Hyopsodus" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Apatemyidae
Apatemys sp. Marsh 1872
Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Pentacodontidae
Amaramnis gregoryi n. sp. Gazin 1962
see Gazin 1962: Amaramnis also listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Coryphodontidae
Coryphodon radians (Cope 1872)
probably includes "Coryphodon" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Leptictidae
Palaeictops tauricinerei (Jepsen 1930)
    = Prodiacodon cf. tauricinerei Jepsen 1930
Alroy 2002
presumably includes "cf. Leptacodon" and "Palaeictops" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Marsupialia
Marsupialia indet. (Illiger 1811)
"Peratherium": Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Multituberculata - Neoplagiaulacidae
cf. Parectypodus sp. Jepsen 1930
Savage et al. 1972
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Wyoming County:Sweetwater
Coordinates: 41.7° North, 109.0° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:46.6° North, 92.6° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
Stage:Ypresian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
*Period:Tertiary
Key time interval:Wasatchian
Age range of interval:54.90000 - 50.50000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Wasatch Member:Main Body
Local section:Washa Local bed:1
Local order:bottom to top
Lithology and environment
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Collection methods and comments
Taxonomic list comments:Arapahovius Paleofaunule includes a locality at the top of the Bitter Creek local section (Turtle Graveyard); however, this is 233.9' above Zonule 2, and Gazin's material was said to be from the "lowest part of the Eocene sequence"; Zonule 2 list of Savage et al. 1972 therefore is incorporated into Gazin's list
Metadata
Also known as:Zonule 2; Black Buttes
Database number:15455
Authorizer:J. Alroy Enterer:J. Alroy
Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2002-06-03 03:27:40
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
1618. C. L. Gazin. 1965. Early Eocene mammalian faunas and their environment in the vicinity of the Rock Springs Uplift, Wyoming. Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook 19:171-180 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
1125 T. M. Bown and D. Schankler. 1982. A review of the Proteutheria and Insectivora of the Willwood Formation (Lower Eocene), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1523:1-79 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
1660 P. D. Gingerich. 1991. Systematics and Evolution of Early Eocene Perissodactyla (Mammalia) in the Clarks Fork Basin, Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 28(8):181-213 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]
1735 G. F. Gunnell. 1998. Creotonda. In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.), Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America, Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulate like Mammals [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
3017 D. E. Savage, B. T. Waters, and J. H. Hutchison. 1972. in West guidebook [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]