Cottonwood Pass (Lower Nodular Zone): Orellan, South Dakota
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia
- Didelphimorphia
- Didelphidae
|
||||||||||
Peratherium sp.
Aymard 1850
|
||||||||||
= Didelphidae indet.
Gray 1821
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Leptictidae
|
||||||||||
Ictops sp.
Leidy 1868
|
||||||||||
= Leptictidae indet.
Gill 1872
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
|
||||||||||
Mesohippus bairdii
(Leidy 1850)
|
||||||||||
recombined as Mesohippus bairdi | ||||||||||
described by Forsten 1970a | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Hyracodontidae
|
||||||||||
Hyracodon nebraskensis
(Leidy 1850)
|
||||||||||
see also Prothero 1996e | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
|
||||||||||
Subhyracodon sp.
Wood 1927
|
||||||||||
includes "Caenopus sp."; Damuth indicates there are two size classes | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Tapiridae
|
||||||||||
Colodon dakotensis
Osborn and Wortman 1895
|
||||||||||
synonym of Colodon occidentalis | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Anthracotheriidae
|
||||||||||
Heptacodon occidentalis
(Osborn and Wortman 1894)
|
||||||||||
recombined as Heptacodon occidentale | ||||||||||
omitted by Clark and Kietzke 1967 | ||||||||||
Bothriodon rostratus
(Scott 1894)
|
||||||||||
recombined as Aepinacodon rostratus | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Entelodontidae
|
||||||||||
Archaeotherium mortoni
Leidy 1850
|
||||||||||
Archaeotherium wanlessi
Sinclair 1922
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Hypertragulidae
|
||||||||||
Hypertragulus calcaratus
(Cope 1873)
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Leptomerycidae
|
||||||||||
Leptomeryx evansi
Leidy 1853
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Agriochoeridae
|
||||||||||
Agriochoerus antiquus
Leidy 1850
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Camelidae
|
||||||||||
Poebrotherium wilsoni
Leidy 1847
|
||||||||||
includes "P. andersoni" of Sinclair 1924 from "lower concretionary zone in the west part of the Indian Creek basin, near the pass into Little Corral Draw, Washington County" - i.e., Cottonwood Pass; and F:AM specimens of Prothero 1996d | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Merycoidodontidae
|
||||||||||
Miniochoerus affinis
(Leidy 1869)
|
Schultz and Falkenbach 1956 | |||||||||
includes their "M. battlecreekensis"; "Cottonwood Pass area" Shannon Co., Brule Zone A | ||||||||||
Miniochoerus gracilis
(Leidy 1851)
|
||||||||||
Merycoidodon culbertsoni
(Leidy 1848)
|
||||||||||
original and current combination Merycoidodon culbertsonii | ||||||||||
additional specimens of Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 are from 1/2 mi N, 1 mi N, 1 1/2 mi N, N side, S side, 1 mi S, 1 1/2 mi S, and 1 mi E of Cottonwood Pass; also their "M. culbertsoni osborni" from 1 mi E of Cottonwood Pass; "Paramerycoidodon georgei" type from "1 1/2 mi. S of Cottonwood Pass"; also "1 mi. N."; "1-1 1/2 mi. S." of Cottonwood Pass; "Genetochoerus periculorum" from "Cottonwood Creek" (PU specimen); "1 mi. N." and "1 1/2 mi. S." of Cottonwood Pass; all Brule Zone A | ||||||||||
Paramerycoidodon georgei n. sp.
Schultz and Falkenbach 1968
|
Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 | |||||||||
synonym of Merycoidodon culbertsonii | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Leptochoeridae
|
||||||||||
Leptochoerus sp.
Leidy 1856
|
||||||||||
omitted by Clark and Kietzke 1967 | ||||||||||
Stibarus obtusilobus
Cope 1873
|
||||||||||
omitted by Clark and Kietzke 1967 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Tayassuidae
|
||||||||||
Perchoerus nanus
(Marsh 1894)
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Nimravidae
|
||||||||||
Dinictis sp.
(Leidy 1854)
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Hoplophoneus sp.
Cope 1874
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Subparictidae
|
||||||||||
Subparictis dakotensis
(Clark 1936)
|
||||||||||
= Parictis cf. dakotensis
Clark 1936
|
Baskin and Tedford 1996 | |||||||||
recombined as Subparictis dakotensis | ||||||||||
"P. primaevus" of Clark and Guensburg 1972 from LNZ, Scenic Mbr., NW 1/4 sec 11 T42N R45W - i.e., Damuth's locality | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Amphicyonidae
|
||||||||||
Daphoenus sp.
Leidy 1853
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
|
||||||||||
Cynodictis gregarius
(Cope 1873)
|
||||||||||
= Hesperocyon gregarius
Cope 1873
|
Wang 1994 | |||||||||
1 mi N of pass, 4 ft above base of lower nodules, Lower Oreodon beds; 0.75 mi S of eastern end of pass, top of Lower Oreodon beds; S side of pass upper Middle Oreodon beds; Clark and Kietzke 1967 list Hesperocyon | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Creodonta
- Hyaenodontidae
|
||||||||||
Hyaenodon sp.
Laizer and Parieu 1838
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
|
||||||||||
Megalagus turgidus
(Cope 1873)
|
||||||||||
omitted by Clark and Kietzke 1967 | ||||||||||
Palaeolagus haydeni
Leidy 1856
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Aplodontidae
|
||||||||||
Prosciurus relictus
(Cope 1873)
|
||||||||||
recombined as Altasciurus relictus | ||||||||||
omitted by Clark and Kietzke 1967 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Ischyromyidae
|
||||||||||
Ischyromys typus
Leidy 1856
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Eomyidae
|
||||||||||
Paradjidaumo trilophus
(Cope 1873)
|
||||||||||
recombined as Adjidaumo trilophus | ||||||||||
omitted by Clark and Kietzke 1967 | ||||||||||
Adjidaumo minutus
(Cope 1873)
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Eutypomyidae
|
||||||||||
Eutypomys thomsoni
Matthew 1905
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
|
||||||||||
Eumys elegans
Leidy 1856
|
||||||||||
Reptilia
- Rhineuridae
|
||||||||||
Rhineura sp.
Cope 1861
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Reptilia
|
||||||||||
Peltosaurus sp.
Cope 1873
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Emydidae
|
||||||||||
Graptemys sp.
Agassiz 1857
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Testudinidae
|
||||||||||
Stylemys sp.
Leidy 1851
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Gruiformes
- Bathornithidae
|
||||||||||
Bathornis sp.
Wetmore 1927
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
Amphibia
|
||||||||||
Amphibia indet.
Linnaeus 1758
|
Clark and Kietzke 1967 | |||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | South Dakota | County: | Shannon |
Coordinates: | 43.3° North, 102.5° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 44.4° North, 94.3° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | based on political unit |
Time
Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Oligocene |
Stage: | Rupelian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 4 |
*Period: | Tertiary | ||
Key time interval: | Orellan | ||
Age range of interval: | 33.90000 - 31.80000 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | not reported |
Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Collection size: | 481 specimens |
Reason for describing collection: | paleoecologic analysis |
Taxonomic list comments:Damuth collection is entirely from an area of less than 1 square mile "in the upper half of the stratigraphic section": Clark and Kietzke 1967; NISP 481 possibly relevant: Parictis sp. Hunt 1998a: "Scenic Member... Cottonwood Pass area, Washabaugh County" "Paratylopus sp." is omitted by Clark and Kietzke 1967 and of uncertain status in any case |
Metadata
Also known as: | Collections VII, VIII, and IX; Near Stream Facies | ||
Database number: | 17094 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, J. Marcot | Enterer: | J. Alroy, J. Marcot |
Modifier: | J. Alroy | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 1995-10-18 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2010-11-18 22:06:02 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 1995-10-18 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
1328. | J. Damuth. 1982. Analysis of the Preservation of Community Structure in Assemblages of Fossil Mammals. Paleobiology 8(4):434-446 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju] |
Secondary references:
6294 | J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari] | |
1034 | J. A. Baskin and R. H. Tedford. 1996. Small Arctoid and Feliform Carnivorans. In D. R. Prothero and R. M. Emry (eds.), The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America 486-497 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
6205 | J. Clark and K. K. Kietzke. 1967. Paleoecology of the Lower Nodular Zone, Brule Formation, in the Big Badlands of South Dakota. Fieldiana 5(7):111-137 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
14270 | J. A. Holman. 1972. Herpetofauna of the Calf Creek Local Fauna (Lower Oligocene: Cypress Hills Formation) of Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 9(12):1612-1631 [R. Whatley/R. Whatley/E. Vlachos] | |
57282 | D. R. Prothero. 2009. The Early Evolution of the North American Peccaries (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae). Papers on Geology, Vertebrate Paleontology, and Biostratigraphy in Honor of Michael O. Woodburne (Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 65) 509-541 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot] | |
3068 | C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1956. Miniochoerinae and Oreonetinae two new subfamilies of oreodonts. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 109(4):373-482 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
3069 | C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1968. The Phylogeny of the Oreodonts. Part 1: Merycoidodontinae, Eporeodontinae, and Leptaucheniinae, Three Subfamilies Of Oreodonts, With an Appendix to the Revision Of The Merycoidodontidae, and Part 2. Summary and Conclusions Concerning the Merycoidodontidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 139:1-498 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
6226 | X. Wang. 1994. Phylogenetic systematics of the Hesperocyoninae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 221:1-207 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |