Observation Quarry: Early/Lower Barstovian, Nebraska

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Balaercinae indet.
Becker 1987
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
Miospermophilus bryanti (Wilson 1960)
Korth and Evander 2016
FAM 144252, partial crushed skull with incisors, left M1 and right P3, M1–M2; UNSM 56741, P4; UNSM 56742, 56743, 56744, M1 or M2; UNSM 56745, M3; UNSM 56746, 56747, p4; UNSM 56748, m1 or m2; FAM 144250, 144251, 144253, 144254, dentaries with p4–m2; UNSM 56735, three isolated incisors.
Mammalia - Rodentia - Heteromyidae
Mioheteromys subterior n. sp. Korth and Evander 2016
Korth and Evander 2016 8 specimens
Type Specimen.—UNSM 56737, left p4. Referred Specimens.—UNSM 56738, 56739, 56740, isolated m1 or m2; UNSM 56736, UNSM 56772, isolated I1s; FAM 144258, dentary with i1, p4–m3.
Mookomys altifluminus
Korth and Evander 2016 2 specimens
UNSM 56731, partial dentary with p4; FAM 144259, partial dentary with i1, p4.
Mammalia - Rodentia - Eomyidae
Leptodontomys cf. stirtoni (Lindsay 1972)
Korth and Evander 2016 2 specimens
FAM 144256, nearly complete dentary with i1; FAM 144257, partial dentary with m1.
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Monosaulax tedi n. sp. Korth 1999
Korth 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Mylagaulidae
Alphagaulus vetus (Matthew 1924)
Korth 2000
Umbogaulus galushai n. sp. Korth 2000
Korth 2000
Trilaccogaulus sp. Korth 1992
Korth 1999
    = Galbreathia bettae Sutton and Korth 1995
Alroy 2002
replaces ID of Sutton and Korth 1995
Mammalia - Rodentia
Jimomys labaughi n. sp. Wahlert 1976
Wahlert 1976
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Copemys lindsayi Sutton and Korth 1995
Korth and Evander 2016 4 specimens
FAM 95503, right dentary with m1–m3; UNSM 56730 left dentary with i1 and alveoli for m1–m3; UNSM 56728 left maxilla with M1–M2; UNSM 56729, left maxilla with M1–M3.
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Hypolagus parviplicatus Dawson 1958
Korth and Evander 2016
FAM 144448, partial dentary with p3–m2; FAM 144447, FAM 144455, FAM 144461, FAM 144476, partial dentaries with p4–m2; FAM 144463, partial dentary with p4–m1; FAM 144457, dentary lacking teeth; FAM 144454, fragments of dentary with two associated lower molariform teeth; UNSM 56749, isolated P2; FAM 144460, maxilla with P4–M1; FAM 144452, partial skull with palate and dorsal neurocranium (crushed) with left P4– M2 and right P4–M1; FAM 144459, fragmentary maxilla with two upper molariform teeth; FAM 144466, partial skull in two major pieces: ventral rostrum and palate with left P3–M2 and right P3–M1, and posterior part of skull includ- ing frontal, parietals and squamosals; UNSM 56750, FAM 144458, FAM 144472, isolated upper molariform teeth; FAM 144484, one upper and one lower molariform tooth; FAM 144475, 17 isolated upper and six lower molariform teeth; FAM 144480, three isolated p3s, 18 upper molari- form, and three lower molariform teeth; FAM 144483, ve isolated upper molariform teeth; FAM 144450, complete right femur; FAM 144449, FAM 144453, FAM 144464, par- tial or fragmentary femora; FAM 144469, partial diaphysis and distal epiphysis of left humerus; FAM 144485, metatar- sal lacking proximal epiphysis.
Pronotolagus cf. albus Voorhies and Timperley 1997
Korth and Evander 2016 5 specimens
FAM 144483 (in part) p3; FAM 144468, dentary with p3 (unworn)–m2; FAM 144467, FAM 144467, partial dentaries with m1–m2; FAM 144480 (in part), isolated lower molariform tooth.
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae
Oreolagus nebrascensis McGrew 1941
Korth and Evander 2016
UNSM 56752, P3; UNSM 56753; dP3; UNSM 56754 and 56755, P4; FAM 144473, FAM 144481, FAM 144482, fragmentary maxillae with P4; UNSM 56751, dP4; UNSM 56756 to 56758, M1; FAM 144445, left and right articulated dentaries with complete dentition; FAM 144444, dentary with i1 and p4–m2; FAM 1444470, dentary with p4–m2; FAM 144439 and FAM 144441, partial dentaries with p4–m1; FAM 144442, FAM 144446, FAM 144462, FAM 144471, partial or fragmentary dentaries with m1–m2; FAM 144440, partial dentary with i1 and m1; FAM 144477, FAM 144478, par- tial or fragmentary dentary with m1; FAM 144443, FAM 144474, partial or fragmentary dentaries lacking cheek teeth; UNSM 56759, p4.
Mammalia - Erinaceidae
Metechinus amplior Rich 1981
Lanthanotherium observatum n. sp. Korth and Evander 2016
Korth and Evander 2016
Type Specimen.—FAM 140574, dentary with c1, p4–m3 (Figs. 4E–F). Referred Specimens.—FAM 74976, maxillary fragment with P2, M1; FAM 74969, maxillary fragment with P4– M1; FAM 74969, partial palate with C1, P2–M1; FAM 76691, maxilla with P4–M3; UNSM 56719, P4; UNSM 56716–56718, M1; UNSM 56715, M2; FAM 74971, 74974, 74989, 74988, 74996, 76600, 76601, partial den- tary with p4–m1; FAM 74980, 74990, 76607, 76621, par- tial dentary with p4–m2; FAM 74989, 74997, partial den- tary with p3–m1; FAM 74983, dentary with p3–m2; FAM 74986, 74994, 74998, 76603, partial dentary with m1–m2; FAM 76605, 74973, dentary with m1–m3; FAM 76608, 76614, 76619, UNSM 56721, partial dentary with m2–m3; FAM 74991, dentary with p4–m3; FAM 74981, dentary with p4, m2–m3; FAM 76602, partial dentary with m1, m3; FAM 76606, dentary with p4–m1, m3; FAM 76618, dentary with c1, p3–m1; UNSM 56733, partial dentary with p3–p4; FAM 76613, partial dentary with p2–p4; FAM 74968, 74970, 74975, 74985, 76612, fragmentary dentary with p4; FAM 74992, partial dentary with c1, p4; FAM 74972, 74978, 74987, 74995, 76609, 76610, 76617, fragmentary dentary with m1; FAM 74977, 74993, 74999, 76604, 76611, 76620, fragmentary dentary with m2; FAM 74982, 76615, fragmentary dentary with m3; UNSM 56781, fragmentary dentary with i2; UNSM 56722, 56723, 56724, isolated m1; UNSM 56720, 56726, isolated m2; UNSM 56725, isolated m3.
Mammalia - Soricidae
Pseudotrimylus roperi (Wilson 1960)
Korth and Evander 2016
FAM 94280, fragmentary maxilla with P4–M2 with possibly associated mandibular fragments m3; FAM 94274, dentary with i1, a2–a4, m1– m3; FAM 94269, dentary with i1, a4, and m1–m3; FAM 94266, dentary with i1, m1–m3; FAM 94264, dentary with i1, m1–m2; FAM 94277, dentary with i1, m1; FAM 94279, dentary with a4, m1–m3; FAM 94267, 94271, 94276, den- taries with m1–m3; FAM 94268, 94272, 94278, dentaries with m1–m2; FAM 94281, dentary with m1; FAM 94265, 94273, dentaries with m2–m3; FAM 94275, dentary with m2; FAM 94270, edentulous dentary; UNSM 56773, isolated i1.
Alluvisorex sp. Hutchison 1966
Korth and Evander 2016 1 specimen
UNSM 56774, mandibular fragment with left m2.
Antesorex wilsoni n. sp. Korth and Evander 2016
Korth and Evander 2016 6 specimens
Type Specimen.—UNSM 56779, right dentary with p4– m2 (Figs. 7E–F). Referred Specimens.—UNSM 56775, dentary with m2– m3; UNSM 56776, dentary with p4–m1; UNSM 56777, left dentary with p4–m3; UNSM 56778, dentary with m1– m2; UNSM 56780, dentary with condyle, ascending ramus and alveoli for m2–m3.
Mammalia - Plesiosoricidae
Plesiosorex greeni Martin and Lim 2004
Korth and Evander 2016 75 specimens
UNSM 56700, dentary with p4– m3 and alveoli for i1–p3; FAM 74915, dentary with p4–m3; FAM 74917, dentary with p4–m1, m3; FAM 76654, dentary with i2, p4–m2; FAM 74904, 74907, 74909, 76648, 76649, 76650, 76653, 76656, 76658, dentaries with p4–m2; FAM 74910, 74911, 74916, 76659, 76661, 76663, 76666, 76667, 76669, 76670, 76682, 76683, 76687, dentaries with p4–m1; FAM 76651, dentary with p3–m4; FAM 76652, 76677, den- tary with i2, m1; FAM 76671, dentary with m1–m3; FAM 74908, 76647, 76657, 76660, 76662, 76664, 76655, 76681, 76688, dentaries with m1–m2; UNSM 56701, FAM 76689, p4; UNSM 56702, FAM 74912, 76665, 76668, 76672, 76674, 76679, 76684, 76686, 76690, m1; UNSM 56703, 56704, 56705, FAM 74919, 76685, 76678, 76680, 76675, m2; FAM 76676, m3; FAM 144249, rostrum of skull with left I1, C, P3–P4 and right I1–I2, P3; FAM 74905, palate with right P3–P4, and left P3–M1; FAM 74904, 74920, maxillae with P4–M2; FAM 74902, maxilla with P3–M1; UNSM 56706–56708, P4; UNSM 56709–56712, 56734, M1; UNSM 56713, 56714, M2.
Mammalia - Talpidae
Scalopoides hutchisoni n. sp. Korth and Evander 2016
Korth and Evander 2016 7 specimens
Type Specimen.—FAM 144656, right dentary with p2– m2 (Figs. 9A–B). Referred Specimens.—UNSM 56727, right partial den- tary with angle, base of ascending ramus and m3; FAM 144651, 144653, 144654, 144655, partial dentaries with m1–m3; FAM 144652, partial dentary with m2.
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
cf. Myotis indet. Kaup 1829
Korth and Evander 2016 1 specimen
UNSM 56782, left dentary with alveoli for c1–m2.
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Aphelops megalodus (Cope 1873)
Prothero 2005
Teleoceras medicornutum Osborn 1904
Prothero 2005
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae
Chalicotheriidae indet. Gill 1872
Coombs 2004
Tylocephalonyx sp. Coombs 1979
Korth and Evander 2016
cited to Coombs (2004)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Anchitherium sp. von Meyer 1844
Korth and Evander 2016
cited to Dingus (1990)
Mammalia - Tayassuidae
Dyseohyus stirtoni Woodburne 1969
Woodburne 1969
synonym of Stirtonhyus xiphodonticus
also includes "Cynorca proterva" of Woodburne 1969 (1 measurement)
Mammalia - Camelidae
Poebrotherium eximium Hay 1902
Korth and Evander 2016
cited to Prothero (2008)
Mammalia - Protoceratidae
Prosynthetoceras siouxensis n. sp. (Frick 1937)
Patton and Taylor 1971
recombined as Lambdoceras siouxensis
of "P. siouxensis dawesensis"
Mammalia - Moschidae
Blastomeryx cf. elegans Matthew and Cook 1909
Frick 1937
synonym of Blastomeryx gemmifer
Mammalia - Palaeomerycidae
Bouromeryx supernebrascensis n. sp. (Frick 1937)
Frick 1937
synonym of Bouromeryx americanus
also "B. pseudonebrascensis" type Frick 1937; see also Voorhies 1990
Dromomeryx whitfordi Sinclair 1915
Frick 1937
synonym of Dromomeryx borealis
Drepanomeryx matthewi n. sp. Frick 1937
Frick 1937
synonym of Drepanomeryx falciformis
Mammalia - Leptomerycidae
Parablastomeryx scotti n. sp. Frick 1937
Frick 1937
recombined as Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti
see also Taylor and Webb 1976
Mammalia - Merycoidodontidae
Ticholeptus hypsodus Loomis 1924
Schultz and Falkenbach 1941
synonym of Ticholeptus zygomaticus
Merychyus relictus (Matthew and Cook 1909)
Schultz and Falkenbach 1947
Brachycrus siouense (Sinclair 1915)
Schultz and Falkenbach 1940
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Pseudaelurus marshi Thorpe 1922
Korth and Evander 2016
cited to Rothwell (2003)
Pseudaelurus stouti (Schultz and Martin 1972)
Korth and Evander 2016
cited to Rothwell (2003)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Pliocyon sp. Matthew 1918
Hunt 1998
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae
Arctonasua minima n. sp. Baskin 1982
Baskin 1982
Rhapsodus tedfordi n. sp. Linares 1981
Baskin 1989
synonym of Probassariscus matthewi
(7 measurements)
Bassariscus minimus n. sp. Baskin 2004
Baskin 2004
definitely not the same as "Rhapsodus tedfordi" or Arctonasua minima
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Brachypsalis obliquidens Sinclair 1915
Korth and Evander 2016
cited to Prothero et al. (2008)
Leptarctus oregonensis Stock 1930
Calede et al. 2017 1 specimen
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Leptocyon leidyi Tedford et al. 2009
Tedford et al. 2009
Cynarctoides acridens (Barbour and Cook 1914)
Wang et al. 1999
Paracynarctus sinclairi Wang et al. 1999
Wang et al. 1999
Tomarctus hippophaga (Matthew and Cook 1909)
Wang et al. 1999
Reptilia - Charadriiformes
Charadriiformes indet. (Huxley 1867)
Becker 1987
Reptilia - Falconidae
Pediohierax ramenta n. gen., n. sp. (Wetmore 1936)
Becker 1987
"Falco ramenta" type of Wetmore 1936 from "Merychippus quarry"
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Accipitridae indet. Viellot 1816
Becker 1987
Reptilia - Passeriformes
Passeriformes indet. Linnaeus 1758
Becker 1987
Reptilia - Strigiformes
Strigiformes indet. Wagler 1830
Becker 1987
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
? Anatinae indet. Vigors 1825
Becker 1987
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Ardea sp. Linnaeus 1758
Becker 1986
Reptilia
Galliformes indet. (Temminck 1820)
Becker 1987
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Nebraska County:Dawes
Coordinates: 42.7° North, 102.9° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:43.3° North, 99.6° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Miocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 5
*Period:Tertiary *Epoch:Middle Miocene
*International age/stage:Langhian *Local age/stage:Early/Lower Barstovian
Key time interval:Early/Lower Barstovian
Age range of interval:15.97000 - 13.60000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Local section:ObsQu Local bed:2
Local order:bottom to top
Stratigraphy comments: Olcott Formation equivalent
Lithology and environment
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Taxonomic list comments:directly overlies the Box Butte Fm.
NW 1/4 NW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec 4 T31N R47W: Woodburne 1969
a channel deposit equated with the Olcott Fm. on faunistic grounds only: Rich 1981
Metadata
Database number:17976
Authorizer:J. Alroy, P. Holroyd, M. Uhen, J. Marcot, J. Zijlstra Enterer:J. Alroy, J. Marcot, J. Zijlstra, P. Holroyd, M. Uhen
Modifier:J. Alroy Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2007-08-17 00:11:50
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

2897. T. H. V. Rich. 1981. Origin and History of the Erinaceinae and Brachyericinae (Mammalia, Insectivora) in North America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 171(1):1-116 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
10285% 29740J. A. Baskin. 1982. Tertiary Procyoninae (Mammalia: Carnivora) of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2(1):71-93 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1030 J. A. Baskin. 1989. Comments on New World Tertiary Procyonidae (Mammalia: Carnivora). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 9(1):110-117 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
40876 J. A. Baskin. 2004. Bassariscus and Probassariscus (Mammalia, Carnivora, Procyonidae) from the early Barstovian (Middle Miocene). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(3):709-720 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
25088 J. J. Becker. 1986. An early heron (Aves, Ardeidae, Ardea) from the Middle Miocene of Nebraska. Journal of Paleontology 60(4):968-970 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
25721 J. J. Becker. 1987. Revision of "Falco" ramenta Wetmore and the Neogene evolution of the Falconidae. Auk 104(2):270-276 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
75080 J. J. Becker. 1987. Neogene Avian Localities of North America 1-171 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
64843 J. J. Calede, W. A. Kehl, and E. B. Davis. 2017. Craniodental morphology and diet of Leptarctus oregonensis (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Mascall Formation (Miocene) of central Oregon. Journal of Paleontology 1-16 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
17216 M. C. Coombs. 2004. Moropus merriami in the early Barstovian Lower Snake Creek fauna of Nebraska, with comments on biogeography of North American chalicotheres. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 285:191-208 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
6222 C. Frick. 1937. Horned ruminants of North America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 69:1-669 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
1977 R. M. Hunt, Jr. 1998. Amphicyonidae. 196-227 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2138 W. W. Korth. 1999. A new species of beaver (Rodentia, Castoridae) from the earliest Barstovian (Miocene) of Nebraska and the phylogeny of Monosaulax Stirton. Paludicola 2(3):258-264 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
2139 W. W. Korth. 1999. A new genus of derived promylagauline rodent (Mylagaulidae) from the Miocene (Late Hemingfordian-Early Barstovian). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19(4):752-756 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2143 W. W. Korth. 2000. Review of Miocene (Hemingfordian to Clarendonian) mylagaulid rodents (Mammalia) from Nebraska. Annals of Carnegie Museum 69(4):227-280 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
58390 W. W. Korth and R. L. Evander. 2016. Lipotyphla, Chiroptera, Lagomorpha, and Rodentia (Mammalia) from Observation Quarry, Earliest Barstovian (Miocene), Dawes County, Nebraska. Annals of Carnegie Museum 83(3):219-254 [J. Zijlstra/J. Zijlstra]
2739 T. H. Patton and B. E. Taylor. 1971. The Synthetoceratinae (Mammalia, Tylopoda, Protoceratidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 145(2):119-218 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/B. Beatty]
51726 D. R. Prothero. 2005. The Evolution of North American Rhinoceroses. 1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot]
3062 C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1940. Merycochoerinae, a new subfamily of oreodonts. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77(5):213-306 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
3063 C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1941. Ticholeptinae, a new subfamily of oreodonts. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 79(1):1-105 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
3064 C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1947. Merychyinae, a subfamily of oreodonts. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 88(4):157-286 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
52058 R. H. Tedford, X. Wang, and B. E. Taylor. 2009. Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 325:1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot/G. Lloyd]
6269 J. H. Wahlert. 1976. Jimomys labaughi, a new geomyoid rodent from the early Barstovian of North America. American Museum Novitates 2591:1-6 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
3558 X. Wang, R. H. Tedford, and B. E. Taylor. 1999. Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 243:1-392 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
3752ETE M. O. Woodburne. 1969. Systematics, biogeography, and evolution of Cynorca and Dyseohyus (Tayassuidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 141(2):273-355 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Carrano]