Rattlesnake: Hemphillian, Oregon
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia
- Megalonychidae
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Megalonychidae indet.
Gervais 1855
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= cf. Megalonyx sp.
Harlan 1825
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Fremd 1994 | |||||||||
replaces ID of Hirschfeld and Webb 1968: "Megalonychid?" from UC 3061; "Sinclairia oregoniana" (reference unclear) | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Hypolagus vetus
(Kellogg 1910)
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
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Peromyscus sp.
Gloger 1841
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Martin 1983 | |||||||||
SDSM V-832 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Otospermophilus gidleyi n. sp.
(Merriam et al. 1925)
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= Spermophilus gidleyi
Merriam et al. 1925
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
recombined as Citellus (Otospermophilus) gidleyi | ||||||||||
UC 3058 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Mylagaulidae
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Mylagaulus sp.
Cope 1878
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= Mylagaulidae indet.
Cope 1881
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Fremd 1994 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Castoridae
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Castor californicus
Kellogg 1911
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Samuels and Zancanella 2011 | |||||||||
area lies within the type area of Merriam, on land administered by the Bureau of Land Management | ||||||||||
Dipoides cf. stirtoni
Wilson 1934
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Shotwell 1955 | |||||||||
UCMP V-4825; "D. sp." of Stirton 1935 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Vulpes stenognathus
Savage 1941
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Tedford et al. 2009 | |||||||||
"Rattlesnake 3, UCMP locality 3042" | ||||||||||
Borophaginae indet.
Simpson 1945
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"Osteoborus" Fremd et al. 1994 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Martes sp.
Frisch 1775
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Fremd 1994 | |||||||||
Mustela sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
= Lutravus cf. halli
Furlong 1932
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Furlong 1932 | |||||||||
from UC 3045; said to "probably" be halli | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ailuridae
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Pliocyon marshi n. sp.
Thorpe 1921
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(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
= Simocyon primigenius
Wagner 1858
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Thorpe 1921 | |||||||||
from "about a mile west of Cottonwood, on the East Fork of the John Day River" in the Rattlesnake Fm.; see also Tedford et al. 1987; includes "Canis cf. davisi" from UC 3048 according to Tedrow et al. 1999 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ursidae
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Plionarctos sp.
Frick 1926
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Hunt 1998 | |||||||||
UC 3045; includes "Amphicyonid or Ursid" according to Tedford and Martin 2001 | ||||||||||
? Indarctos oregonensis n. sp.
Merriam et al. 1916
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said in discussion of "Hipparion anthonyi" to be from UC 3058 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Felidae indet.
Gray 1821
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large and small forms, latter at UC 3058 | ||||||||||
Machairodus lahayishupup
Orcutt and Calede 2021
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Orcutt and Calede 2021 | |||||||||
equivalent to large felid sp. A of Merriam et al. 1925 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Neohipparion cf. leptode
Merriam 1915
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Tedford et al. 1987 | |||||||||
includes "Hipparion leptode or Hipparion occidentale" from UC 884, probably "H. occidentale" from UC 887, and possibly "H. sinclairi" from UC 3068; JA pers. obs. 4.2.95 | ||||||||||
Hippotherium sp.
Kaup 1832
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JA pers. obs. 4.2.95: "Hipparion occidentale" from UC 3057, "H. anthonyi" from UC 3058, 3062 | ||||||||||
Pliohippus spectans
(Cope 1880)
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= Dinohippus spectans
Cope 1880
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
UC 3060 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Teleoceras sp.
Hatcher 1894
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"? Teleoceras, near fossiger" at UC 3060 and rhino at UC 3068; cf. Teleoceras sp. is present at SDSM V-832, see Martin 1983 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Antilocapridae
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Sphenophalos sp.
Merriam 1909
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UC 3045; additional antilocaprine at UC 3057 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Camelidae
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Pliauchenia sp.
Cope 1875
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= Camelidae indet.
Gray 1821
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Fremd 1994 | |||||||||
Alticamelus sp.
Matthew 1901
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= Camelidae indet.
Gray 1821
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Fremd 1994 | |||||||||
Hemiauchenia cf. vera
(Matthew 1909)
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Martin 1983 | |||||||||
recombined as Pleiolama vera | ||||||||||
a larger camel. is also present at UC 3068 and type Rattlesnake locality | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Tayassuidae
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Prosthennops oregonensis n. sp.
Colbert 1938
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(6 measurements) | ||||||||||
= Platygonus oregonensis
Colbert 1938
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Colbert 1938 | |||||||||
from CIT 21 "north of Rattlesnake Creek"; also reported by Martin 1983 from SDSM V-832 but specimen is just an incisor | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Proboscidea
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Proboscidea indet.
Illiger 1811
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said to be "Tetralophodon sp." by Fremd et al. 1994 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Mammutidae
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Mammut matthewi
(Osborn 1921)
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von Koenigswald et al. 2023 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Chiroptera
- Vespertilionidae
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cf. Myotis sp.
Kaup 1829
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Fremd 1994 | |||||||||
a bat; "Vespertilionidae indet." of Martin 1983: SDSM V-832 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
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Clemmys hesperia n. sp.
Hay 1903
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Hay 1903 | |||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Testudinoidea | ||||||||||
UCMP 2219 (holotype), a left hyoplastron | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | Oregon | County: | Grant |
Coordinates: | 44.5° North, 119.3° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 44.4° North, 116.6° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | based on political unit |
Time
Period: | Neogene | ||
10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
*Period: | Tertiary | *Epoch: | Miocene |
Key time interval: | Hemphillian | ||
Age range of interval: | 9.40000 - 4.70000 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Rattlesnake |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | siltstone |
Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Museum repositories: | SDSM |
Taxonomic list comments:preliminary list given by Merriam 1917 ignimbrite above fauna dated at 6.6 +/- 0.1 and 6.8 +/- 0.2 Ma (KA on sanidine): Tedford et al. 1987; according to Tedford and Martin 2001, this is the same as the Rattlesnake Ash Flow Tuff dated at 7.2 Ma (SCLF AA) by Fremd et al. 1994 and 7.05 +/- 0.02 Ma (Ar/Ar) by Perkins et al. 1998 possibly relevant: Indarctos(?) sp. at UC 3042 status of "Hipparion sp." of Tedford et al. 1987 unclear in light of figured material "Prosthennops rex": a nomen dubium from possible Rattlesnake exposures from Wilson's Springs, Crooked River, Oregon according to Colbert 1938; Merriam et al. were uncertain of the type's provenance but described an additional tayassuid at UC 3060 |
Metadata
Also known as: | SDSM V-832; UC 3045, 3058, 3060 | ||
Database number: | 19015 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, J. Orcutt, N. Famoso, E. Vlachos, J. Marcot | Enterer: | J. Alroy, J. Orcutt, N. Famoso, E. Vlachos, J. Marcot |
Modifier: | N. Famoso | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 1993-09-27 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2023-09-29 17:11:04 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 1993-09-27 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
2581. | J. C. Merriam, C. Stock, and C. L. Moody. 1925. The Pliocene Rattlesnake Formation and fauna of eastern Oregon, with notes on the geology of the Rattlesnake and Mascall deposits. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 347(3):43-92 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] |
Secondary references:
6294 | J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari] | |
1252 | E. H. Colbert. 1938. Pliocene peccaries from the Pacific Coast region of North America. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 487(6):241-269 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
1547 | T. Fremd. 1994. John Day Basin paleontology field trip guide and road log: Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. John Day Fossil Beds National Monument 94-1 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
1565 | E. L. Furlong. 1932. A new genus of otter from the Pliocene of the northern Great Basin province. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 418(5):93-103 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
64727 | O. P. Hay. 1903. Two new species of fossil turtles from Oregon. University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geology 3(10):238-248 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/P. Holroyd] | |
1976 | R. M. Hunt, Jr. 1998. Ursidae. In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.), Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 1:174-195 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
2410 | J. E. Martin. 1983. Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Sciences 62 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
77044 | J.D. Orcutt and J.J.M. Calede. 2021. Quantitative analyses of feliform humeri reveal the existence of a very large cat in North America during the Miocene. Journal of Mammalian Evolution [J. Orcutt/J. Orcutt] | |
82388 | J. X. Samuels and J. Zancanella. 2011. An early Hemphillian occurrence of Castor (Castoridae) from the Rattlesnake Formation of Oregon. Journal of Paleontology 85(5):930-935 [N. Famoso/N. Famoso] | |
3108 | J. A. Shotwell. 1955. Review of the Pliocene Beaver Dipoides. Journal of Paleontology 29(1):129-144 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju] | |
6198 | R. H. Tedford, T. Galusha, M. F. Skinner, B. E. Taylor, R. W. Fields, J. R. Macdonald, J. M. Rensberger, S. D. Webb, and D. P. Whistler. 1987. Faunal succession and biochronology of the Arikareean through Hemphillian interval (late Oligocene through earliest Pliocene epochs) in North America. In M. O. Woodburne (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America: Geochronology and Biostratigraphy 153-210 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Wagner] | |
52058 | R. H. Tedford, X. Wang, and B. E. Taylor. 2009. Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 325:1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot/G. Lloyd] | |
3409 | M. R. Thorpe. 1921. Two new fossil Carnivora. American Journal of Science 1(6):477-483 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
85881 | W. von Koenigswald, C. Widga, and U. Göhlich. 2023. New mammutids (Proboscidea) from the Clarendonian and Hemphillian of Oregon – a survey of Mio-Pliocene mammutids from North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Natural History, University of Oregon 30:1-63 [N. Famoso/N. Famoso] |