Melbourne No. 2 Bed: Late/Upper Pleistocene, Florida
collected by C. P. Singleton, J. W. Gildley, F. B. Loomis 1922 - 1923

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Siren lacertina Linnaeus 1766
Goin and Auffenberg 1955
Mammalia - Rodentia - Caviidae
Hydrochoerus sp. Brisson 1762
Ray 1958
Neochoerus pinckneyi (Hay 1926)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Rodentia - Geomyidae
Geomys pinetis Rafinesque 1817
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Castoroides cf. ohioensis Foster 1838
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord 1825
Ray 1958
Neotoma floridana (Ord 1818)
Ray 1958
Neofiber alleni True 1884
Ray 1958
Peromyscus gossypinus (Le Conte 1853)
Ray 1958
Oryzomys palustris Harlan 1837
Ray 1958
Synaptomys australis Simpson 1928
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Sylvilagus palustris (Bachman 1837)
Ray 1958
Sylvilagus floridanus (Allen 1890)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Primates - Hominidae
Homo sapiens Linnaeus 1758
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Soricidae
Blarina brevicauda (Say 1823)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Talpidae
Scalopus aquaticus (Linnaeus 1758)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Molossidae
Molossides floridanus n. gen., n. sp. Allen 1932
synonym of Eumops glaucinus
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus veroensis Sellards 1918
Ray 1958
recombined as Tapirus (Helicotapirus) veroensis
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Tayassuidae
Mylohyus sp. Cope 1869
Ray 1958
Platygonus sp. Leconte 1848
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Camelidae
Tanupolama mirifica Simpson 1929
Ray 1958
recombined as Palaeolama mirifica
Mammalia - Cervidae
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann 1780)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Bovidae
Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Smilodon cf. floridanus (Leidy 1889)
Ray 1958
synonym of Smilodon fatalis
Panthera augusta (Leidy 1872)
Ray 1958
synonym of Panthera onca
Felis (Herpailurus) sp. Linnaeus 1758
Ray 1958
Felis rufus (Schreber 1777)
Ray 1958
recombined as Lynx rufus
Felis cf. inexpectata (Cope 1895)
Ray 1958
recombined as Miracinonyx inexpectatus
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mephitidae
Mephitis mephitis (Schreber 1776)
Ray 1958
Spilogale ambarvalis Bangs 1898
Ray 1958
synonym of Spilogale putorius
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae
Procyon lotor (Linnaeus 1758)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Lutra canadensis (Schreber 1776)
Ray 1958
recombined as Lontra canadensis
Mammalia - Carnivora - Phocidae
Monachus tropicalis (Gray 1850)
Ray 1958
recombined as Neomonachus tropicalis
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Tremarctos floridanus (Gidley 1928)
Ray 1958
Ursus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Ray 1958
Ursus americanus Pallas 1780
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Aenocyon cf. ayersi (Sellards 1916)
Ray 1958
synonym of Aenocyon dirus
Urocyon cf. cinereoargenteus (Schreber 1775)
Ray 1958
Canis cf. latrans Say 1823
Ray 1958
Canis cf. lupus Linnaeus 1758
Ray 1958
Vulpes palmaria Hay 1917
Ray 1958
synonym of Vulpes vulpes
Mammalia - Cingulata - Glyptodontidae
Boreostracon floridanus Simpson 1929
Ray 1958
synonym of Glyptotherium cylindricum
Mammalia - Cingulata - Pampatheriidae
Chlamytherium septentrionalis (Leidy 1889)
Ray 1958
recombined as Holmesina septentrionalis
Mammalia - Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Dasypus bellus (Simpson 1929)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Megalonychidae
Megalonyx jeffersonii (Desmarest 1822)
Ray 1958
Megalonyx cf. wheatleyi Cope 1871
Ray 1958
Ray's referred specimens more likely represent M. jeffersonii
Mammalia - Mylodontidae
Paramylodon cf. harlani (Owen 1840)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Mammuthus columbi (Falconer 1857)
Ray 1958
cf. Mammuthus imperator (Leidy 1858)
Ray 1958
synonym of Mammuthus columbi
ID questionable
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Mammutidae
Mammut americanum (Kerr 1792)
Ray 1958
Mammalia - Didelphimorphia
Didelphis marsupialis Linnaeus 1758
Ray 1958
Reptilia - Testudines - Emydidae
Terrapene carolina (Linnaeus 1758)
Auffenberg 1958
subspecies T. carolina putnami
Reptilia - Falconidae
Polyborus cheriway (Jacquin 1784)
Wetmore 1931
recombined as Caracara cheriway
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Linnaeus 1766)
Wetmore 1931
Buteo lineatus (Gmelin 1788)
Wetmore 1931
Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin 1788)
Wetmore 1931
Reptilia - Strigiformes - Strigidae
Strix varia (Barton 1799)
Wetmore 1931
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Gruidae
Grus canadensis (Linnaeus 1758)
Wetmore 1931
recombined as Antigone canadensis
Grus americana (Linnaeus 1758)
Wetmore 1931
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
Querquedula floridana (Shufeldt 1917)
Wetmore 1931
original and current combination Querquedula floridiana
Branta hutchinsii (Richardson 1832)
Wetmore 1931
Branta canadensis hutchinsi
Reptilia - Procellariidae
Puffinus puffinus (Brunnich 1764)
Wetmore 1931
Reptilia - Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocorax auritus (Lesson 1831)
Wetmore 1931
Reptilia - Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae
Jabiru mycteria (Lichtenstein 1819)
Wetmore 1931
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Nyctanassa violacea (Linnaeus 1758)
Wetmore 1931
Ardea herodias Linnaeus 1758
Wetmore 1931
Casmerodius albus (Linnaeus 1758)
Wetmore 1931
original and current combination Ardea alba
Reptilia - Cathartiformes - Cathartidae
Cathartes aura (Linnaeus 1758)
Wetmore 1931
Reptilia - Phasianidae
Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus 1758
Wetmore 1931
Reptilia - Odontophoridae
Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus 1758)
Wetmore 1931
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Florida County:Brevard
Coordinates: 28.1° North, 80.6° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:28.1° North, 80.6° West
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Late/Upper Pleistocene
Age range of interval:0.12600 - 0.01170 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: "probably early-Pleistocene" according to Allen, but Wisconsinan according to later workers
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: "siliciclastic"
Lithology description: "stream deposits... [comprise] an upper, somewhat barren layer (No. 3 bed) lying uncomforably upon an older deposit rather in rich in fossil bones (the 'bone bed', No. 2). Below these is a layer of coquina (No. 1 bed) believed to be of Pleistocene age."
Environment:fluvial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera
Collection methods:selective quarrying
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:MCZ
Collectors:C. P. Singleton, J. W. Gildley, F. B. Loomis Collection dates:1922 - 1923
Taxonomic list comments:a long English-language list is given by Allen, who also mentions that "elephant and mastodon still persisted" in the No. 3 bed
Metadata
Database number:74292
Authorizer:J. Alroy, J. Bloch Enterer:J. Alroy, R. Hulbert
Research group:vertebrate
Created:2007-08-01 17:41:09 Last modified:2007-08-01 20:41:09
Access level:the public Released:2007-08-01 17:41:09
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

24947. G. M. Allen. 1932. A Pleistocene bat from Florida. Journal of Mammalogy 13(3):256-259 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

50428 W. A. Auffenberg. 1958. Fossil turtles of the genus Terrapene in Florida. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 3(2):53-92 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
50692 C. J. Goin and W. Auffenberg. 1955. The fossil salamanders of the family Sirenidae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 113(7):497-514 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
50339 C. E. Ray. 1958. Additions to the Pleistocene mammalian fauna from Melbourne, Florida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 119:419-449 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
50336 A. Wetmore. 1931. The avifauna of the Pleistocene in Florida. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 85(2):1-41 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]