Gaj beds - North of Naliya, Kachh: Early/Lower Miocene, Pakistan
collected by Vredenburg

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Gastropoda - Trochidae
Trochus (Tectus) cognatus (Sowerby 1840)
Vredenburg 1928
recombined as Tectus cognatus
Gastropoda - Turritellidae
Turritella angulata Sowerby 1840
Vredenburg 1928
synonym of Kapalmerella ranikoti
Gastropoda - Epitoniidae
Scala (Clathrus) gajensis Vredenburg 1928
Vredenburg 1928
recombined as Clathrus gajensis
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Mitridae
Mitra chinensis Gray 1839
SUBSPECIES: Mitra chinensis subscrobiculata
Mitra (Chrysame) sowerbyi (d'Orbigny 1852)
recombined as Chrysame sowerbyi
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Conidae
Conus (Lithoconus) odengensis (Martin 1895)
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Olivellidae
Olivancillaria (Agaronia) nebulosa (Lamarck 1822)
    = Agaronia pupa Sowerby 1840
Harzhauser et al. 2009
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Volutidae
Lyria jugosa (Sowerby 1839)
recombined as Lyria (Harpeola) jugosa
Athleta (Volutospina) dentata (Sowerby 1839)
Gastropoda - Strombidae
Rostellaria protofusus Vredenburg 1928
recombined as Tibia protofusus
Gastropoda - Cypraeidae
Cypraea (Bernayia) humerosa (Sowerby 1839)
recombined as Barycypraea humerosa
Cypraea prunum Sowerby 1839
recombined as Callistocypraea (Miolyncina) prunum
INCLUDES: Cypraea prunum nasuta
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Pectinidae
Pecten (Chlamys) senatorius (Gmelin 1791)
Vredenburg 1928
recombined as Mimachlamys senatoria
SUBSPECIES: Pecten (Chlamys) senatorius soomrowensis
Pecten (Chlamys) articulatus (Sowerby 1840)
Vredenburg 1928
Pecten (Amussiopecten) placenta (Fuchs 1879)
Vredenburg 1928
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostrea larimarginata
Vredenburg 1928
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Gryphaeidae
Ostrea lingua Sowerby 1840
Vredenburg 1928
recombined as Gyrostrea lingua
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae
Cardium (Discors) triforme (Sowerby 1840)
Vredenburg 1928
recombined as Discors triforme
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Veneridae
Venus (Omphaloclathrum) puerpera (Linnaeus 1758)
Vredenburg 1928
recombined as Periglypta puerpera
SUBSPECIES: Venus (Omphaloclathrum) puerpera granosa
Tapes (Callistotapes) virgatus (Sowerby 1840)
Vredenburg 1928
Cytherea (Callista) pseudoumbonella Vredenburg 1928
Vredenburg 1928
recombined as Macrocallista (Costacallista) pseudoumbonella
Bivalvia - Pholadida - Corbulidae
Corbula trigonalis Soweby 1840
Vredenburg 1928
see common names

Geography
Country:Pakistan
Coordinates: 23.3° North, 68.9° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:17.3° North, 67.8° East
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Miocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 5
Key time interval:Early/Lower Miocene
Age range of interval:23.03000 - 15.98000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Gaj
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From the lower Gaj beds, which regionally overlie the Nari beds (Oligocene) and are overlain by the Middle-Late Miocene Mekran beds. AGE: lower Early Miocene, based on similarity with European faunas of Aquitanian age. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: from the lower Gaj beds.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: poorly lithified "siliciclastic"
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Unknown, but presumably siliciclastic. LITHIFICATION: Poorly-lithified, based on figured specimens.
Environment:coastal indet.
Geology comments: ENVIRONMENT: Not stated in text, but presumably shallow shelf siliciclastic.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collectors:Vredenburg
Collection method comments: COLLECTORS: Multiple collectors including W. Blanford, Wynne, Hira Lal, Ram Singh, and Noetling (staff of Geological Survey of India) during the early 1900's. REPOSITORY: Geological Survey of India, with voucher specimens possibly at the BMNH.
Taxonomic list comments:COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda, bivalvia, and scaphopoda. NOMENCLATURE: Antiquated, but from an authoritative publication, with use of species and subgenus resolution assignments. Nomenclature can be updated through reference to Harzhauser and Swarko publications.
Metadata
Database number:77171
Authorizer:A. Hendy Enterer:A. Hendy
Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2007-12-21 16:43:51 Last modified:2013-11-25 13:37:23
Access level:authorizer only Released:2008-12-21 16:43:51
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
26063. 1925E. Vredenburg. 1925. Description of Mollusca from the post-Eocene Tertiary formation of north-western India: Cephalopoda, Opisthobranchiata, Siphonostomata. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India 50(1):1-350 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]

Secondary references:

36478 M. Harzhauser, M. Euter, W. E. Piller, B. Berning, A. Kroh and O. Mandic. 2009. Oligocene and Early Miocene gastropods from Kutch (NW India) document an early biogeographic switch from Western Tethys to Indo-Pacific. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 83:333-372 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]
26112 E. Vredenburg. 1928. Description of Mollusca from the post-Eocene Tertiary formation of north-western India: Gastropoda (in part) and Lamellibranchiata. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India 50(2):351-506 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy/A. Hendy]