Natural Chimneys: Late/Upper Pleistocene, Virginia
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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unclassified
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Charadrisu vociferus
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Contropus virens
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Nannaria sp.
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Pomatiopsis lapidaria
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Leptoxis carinata
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Retinella electrina
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Retinella virginica
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Diemichtylus viridescens
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Lampropeltis doliata
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| subspecies triangulum | ||||||||||
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Lampropeltis sp.
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Lepridae indet.
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Pelobatidae
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Scaphiopus holbrooki
(Harlan 1835)
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| recombined as Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki | ||||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Ranidae
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Rana catesbiana
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Rana palustris
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Rana sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Bufonidae
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Bufo sp.
Laurenti 1768
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Hylidae
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Hyla sp.
Laurenti 1768
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Urodela
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Desmognathus sp.
Baird 1850
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Ambystoma sp.
(Tschudi 1838)
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| original and current combination Amblystoma | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Gruiformes
- Gruidae
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Grus americana
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Reptilia
- Columbiformes
- Columbidae
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Ectopistes migratorius
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Reptilia
- Coraciiformes
- Alcedinidae
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Megaceryle alcyon
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Reptilia
- Piciformes
- Picidae
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Dendrocopos pubescens
(Linnaeus 1766)
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| recombined as Picoides pubescens | ||||||||||
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Colaptes auratus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Centurus carolinus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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| recombined as Melanerpes carolinus | ||||||||||
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Melanerpes erythrocephalus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Reptilia
- Anseriformes
- Anatidae
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Oxyura jamaicensis
(Gmelin 1789)
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Bucephala albeola
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Anas discors
Linnaeus 1766
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| recombined as Spatula discors | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Turdidae
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Turdus migratorius
Linnaeus 1758
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Hylocichla sp.
Baird 1864
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Tyrannidae
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Contopus virens
(Linnaeus 1766)
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Sayornis phoebe
(Latham 1790)
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Hirundinidae
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Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
(Vieillot 1816)
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Sittidae
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Sitta canadensis
Linnaeus 1766
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Mimidae
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Toxostoma rufum
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Passerellidae
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Passerella iliaca
(Merrem 1786)
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Melospiza melodia
(Wilson 1810)
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Junco sp.
Wagler 1831
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Zonotrichia albicollis
(Gmelin 1789)
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Corvidae
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Perisoreus canadensis
(Linnaeus 1766)
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Cyanocitta cristata
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Pica pica
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Icteridae
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Molothrus ater
(Boddaert 1783)
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Agelaius phoeniceus
(Linnaeus 1766)
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Reptilia
- Phasianidae
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Bonasa umbellus
(Linnaeus 1766)
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Pedioecetes phasianellus
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| recombined as Tympanuchus phasianellus | ||||||||||
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Meleagris gallopavo
Linnaeus 1758
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| originally entered as "Melagris gallopavo" | ||||||||||
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Canachites canadensis
(Linnaeus 1758)
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| recombined as Falcipennis canadensis | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Odontophoridae
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Colinus virginianus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Reptilia
- Charadriiformes
- Scolopacidae
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Philohela minor
(Gmelin 1789)
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| original and current combination Scolopax minor | ||||||||||
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Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
(Gmelin 1789)
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| recombined as Tringa semipalmata | ||||||||||
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Erolia minutilla
(Viellot 1816)
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| original and current combination Calidris minutilla | ||||||||||
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Bartramia longicauda
(Bechstein 1812)
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Reptilia
- Charadriiformes
- Charadriidae
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Charadrius vociferus
Linnaeus 1758
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Accipitriformes
- Accipitridae
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Accipiter striatus
Vieillot 1897
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Buteo lineatus
(Gmelin 1788)
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Buteo platypterus
(Vieillot 1823)
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Buteo jamaicensis
(Gmelin 1788)
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Reptilia
- Colubridae
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Elaphe sp.
Wagler 1833
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Elaphe cf. guttata
(Linnaeus 1766)
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Opheodrys sp.
Fitzinger 1843
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Coluber constrictor
Linnaeus 1758
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Masticophis flagellum
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Diadophis sp.
Baird and Girard 1853
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Thamnophis sirtalis
Linnaeus
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Storeria sp.
Baird and Girard 1853
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Haldea sp.
Baird and Girard 1853
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Carphophis amoenus
Say
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Natrix sp.
Laurenti 1768
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Crotalidae
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Crotalus cf. adamanteus
Palisot de Beauvois 1799
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Crotalus horridus
Linnaeus 1758
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Iguanidae
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Sceloporus undulatus
(Bosc 1802)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Testudines
- Emydidae
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Terrapene carolina
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Testudines
- Chelydridae
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Chelydra serpentina
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Chiroptera
- Vespertilionidae
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Eptesicus sp.
Rafinesque 1820
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Eptesicus cf. fuscus
(Beauvois 1796)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Eptesicus cf. grandis
(Brown 1908)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| synonym of Eptesicus fuscus | ||||||||||
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Lasiurus cf. borealis
(Muller 1776)
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Pipistrellus subflavus
(Cuvier 1832)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Myotis cf. lucifugus
(Le Conte 1831)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Myotis keenii
(Merriam 1895)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ursidae
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Ursus cf. americanus
Pallas 1780
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Mustela cf. rixosa
(Bangs 1896)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| synonym of Mustela nivalis | ||||||||||
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Mustela vison
(Schreber 1777)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| recombined as Neogale vison | ||||||||||
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Mustela cf. frenata
Lichtenstein 1831
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Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| recombined as Neogale frenata | ||||||||||
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Martes americana
(Kerr 1792)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Martes cf. pennanti
(Erxleben 1777)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| recombined as Pekania pennanti | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Procyonidae
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Procyon lotor
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mephitidae
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Mephitis mephitis
(Schreber 1776)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Canis cf. lupus
Linnaeus 1758
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Vulpes sp.
Frisch 1775
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Lynx sp.
Kerr 1792
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Tayassuidae
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Mylohyus sp.
Cope 1869
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Cervidae indet.
Gray 1821
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Odocoileus virginianus
(Zimmermann 1780)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Talpidae
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Parascalops breweri
(Bachman 1842)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Condylura cristata
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Scalopus aquaticus
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Soricidae
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Microsorex hoyi
(Baird 1858)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Sorex fumeus
Miller 1895
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Sorex palustris
Richardson 1828
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Sorex cf. cinereus
Kerr 1792
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Sorex arcticus
Kerr 1792
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Cryptotis parva
(Say 1823)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Blarina brevicauda
(Say 1823)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Lepus americanus
Erxleben 1777
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Sylvilagus sp.
Gray 1867
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Erethizontidae
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Erethizon dorsatum
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Zapodidae
|
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Napaeozapus insignis
(Miller 1891)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Zapus hudsonicus
(Zimmermann 1780)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| recombined as Zapus hudsonius | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
|
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Synaptomys corealis
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Synaptomys cooperi
Baird 1858
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Peromyscus sp.
Gloger 1841
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Peromyscus cf. leucopus
(Rafinesque 1818)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Peromyscus cf. maniculatus
(Wagner 1843)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Neotoma floridana
(Ord 1818)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Clethrionomys gapperi
(Vigors 1830)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Phenacomys cf. ungava
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Phenacomys intermedius
Merriam 1889
|
Semken 1988 | |||||||||
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Ondatra zibethicus
(Linnaeus 1766)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Microtus sp.
Schrank 1798
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Microtus chrotorrhinus
(Miller 1894)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Microtus pennsylvanicus
(Ord 1815)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Microtus xanthognathus
(Leach 1815)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Pitymys pinetorum
(Le Conte 1830)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| recombined as Microtus pinetorum | ||||||||||
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Microtus pinetorum
(Le Conte 1830)
|
Semken 1988 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
|
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Sciurus carolinensis
Gmelin 1788
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Tamiasciurus cf. tenuidens
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
(Erxleben 1777)
|
Semken 1988 | |||||||||
|
Marmota monax
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Spermophilus tridecemlineatus
(Mitchell 1821)
|
Semken 1988 | |||||||||
|
Citellus cf. tridecemlineatus
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| synonym of Spermophilus | ||||||||||
|
Tamias striatus
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Glaucomys sabrinus
(Shaw 1801)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Glaucomys volans
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Castoridae
|
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Castoroides ohioensis
Foster 1838
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Castor canadensis
Kuhl 1820
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Gastropoda
- Cycloneritida
- Helicinidae
|
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Hendersonia occulia
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Polygyridae
|
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Triodopsis tridentata
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
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Triodopsis albolabris
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Helicodiscidae
|
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|
Helicodiscus parallelus
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Gastrocoptidae
|
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|
Gastrocopta contracta
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Lymnaeidae
|
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|
Lymnaea catascopium
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Physidae
|
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|
Physa heterostropha
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Valvatidae
|
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|
Valvata sp.
Müller 1774
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
|
Gastropoda
- Discidae
|
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|
Anguispira alternata
|
Guilday 1962 | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | Virginia | County: | Augusta |
| Coordinates: | 38.4° North, 79.1° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 38.4° North, 79.1° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | estimated from map |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| Stage: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 0.12900 - 0.01170 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | not reported |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Environment: | cave |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis |
| Taxonomic list comments:added Guilday, Semken, Hubbard and Grady by Carrie Cross Bio 334 | |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Brown's Cave, Cave of the Wooden Steps | ||
| Database number: | 82258 | ||
| Authorizer: | M. Uhen | Enterer: | M. Uhen, M. Shalap |
| Modifier: | M. Shalap | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2008-07-25 13:44:20 | Last modified: | 2011-04-26 01:34:50 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2008-07-25 13:44:20 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 27720. | A. Wetmore. 1962. Notes on fossil and subfossil birds. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 145(2):1-17 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/J. Alroy] |
Secondary references:
| 1461 | R. Eshelman and F. Grady. 1986. Quaternary vertebrate localities of Virginia and their avian and mammalian fauna. Virginia Division of Mineral Resources, Publication 75:43-70 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
| 35381 | J. E. Guilday. 1962. The Pleistocene local fauna of the Natural Chimneys, Augusta County, Virginia. Annals of Carnegie Museum 36(9):87-122 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap] | |
| 35918 | D. A. Hubbard, Jr. and F. Grady. 1997. Vertebrate paleontological cave resources in Virginia, USA. Proceedings of the 12th International Congress of Speleology 3:175-177 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/R. Day] | |
| 35917 | H. A. Semken, Jr. 1988. Environmental interpretations of the "disharmonius" late Wisconsinan biome of southeastern North America. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences 33:185-194 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap] |