Winnaarsbaken: Anisian, South Africa
collected by J. W. Kitching
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Anomodontia
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Kannemeyeria simocephalus
(Weithofer 1888)
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Kitching 1977 | 2 individuals | ||||||||
| recombined as Kannemeyeria simocephala | ||||||||||
| Two skulls | ||||||||||
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Therocephalia
- Bauriidae
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Bauria cynops
Broom 1909
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Brink 1963 | 1 individual | ||||||||
| AMNH 5622, skull and partial postcranium (3 measurements) | ||||||||||
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unclassified
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Diademodon tetragonus
Seeley 1894
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Kitching 1977 | |||||||||
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Trirachodontidae
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Silphedocynodon gymnotemporalis
Brink 1951
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Brink 1951 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| BP/1/239, skull | ||||||||||
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= Trirachodon berryi
Seeley 1895
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Kitching 1977 | |||||||||
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unclassified
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Cynognathus crateronotus
Seeley 1895
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Kitching 1977 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Procolophonidae
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Thelegnathus contritus n. sp.
Gow 1977
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Gow 1977 | 1 individual | ||||||||
| recombined as Thelephon contritus | ||||||||||
| BP/1/3512 (type) | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Erythrosuchidae
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Erythrosuchus africanus
Broom 1905
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3 individuals | |||||||||
| BMNH R 3592, incomplete but extensive skull, mandible, and postcranial material of single individual, with at least some metacarpals from a second smaller individual. BPI 2096, right pes. BMNH R8667, five mid-dorsal vertebrae | ||||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Mastodonsauridae
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Xenotosuchus africanus
(Broom 1909)
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Haughton 1925 | 1 individual | ||||||||
| SAM-PK-3008, partial skull | ||||||||||
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Parotosaurus sp.
Jaekel 1914
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Watson 1962 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| UMZC T135, partial mandible | ||||||||||
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= ? Wellesaurus africanus
Broom 1909
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Damiani and Rubidge 2003 | |||||||||
| recombined as Xenotosuchus africanus | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | South Africa | State/province: | Eastern Cape | County: | Ukhahlamba |
| Coordinates: | 30.9° South, 26.1° East (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 66.7° South, 13.9° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | based on political unit | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
| Period: | Triassic | Epoch: | Middle Triassic |
| Stage: | Anisian | 10 m.y. bin: | Triassic 2 |
| Key time interval: | Anisian | Zone: | Cynognathus assemblage, subzone B |
| Age range of interval: | 247.20000 - 242.00000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Geological group: | Beaufort | Formation: | Burgersdorp | ||
| Stratigraphy comments: "Subzone B of the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone, Beaufort Group, Middle Triassic (Anisian)." (Modesto & Damiani, 2003). This biostratigraphic assignment corresponds to the Burgersdorp Formation (see Catuneanu et al., 2005, J. African Earth Sci. 43). | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | "siliciclastic" | ||
| Environment: | dry floodplain | Tectonic setting: | foreland basin |
| Geology comments: The Burgersdorp formation was "deposited on a semi-arid, slowly aggrading floodplain drained by sluggish meandering stream channels, which supplied water and sediment to the pedogenically-influenced overbank environments via crevasse splays (Hancox, 1998). Lakes and ponds developed on the floodplain [...]" (Catuneanu et al., 2005, J. African Earth Sci. 43). | |||
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Preservation of anatomical detail: | good |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | survey of museum collection |
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
| Museum repositories: | BMNH,BPI |
| Collectors: | J. W. Kitching |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Winaarsbaken, Winnaars Baken | ||
| Database number: | 92312 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Mueller, R. Butler | Enterer: | T. Liebrecht, R. Butler |
| Modifier: | R. Butler | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2009-11-05 17:10:35 | Last modified: | 2011-10-12 08:44:44 |
| Access level: | authorizer only | Released: | 2012-11-05 17:10:35 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 38124. | F. v. Huene. 1911. Über Erythrosuchus, Vertreter der neuen Reptil-Ordnung Pelycosimia. Geologische und Paläontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folge 10(1):1-60 [R. Butler/R. Butler/R. Butler] |
Secondary references:
| 59511 | A. S. Brink. 1951. Studies of Karroo reptiles: 1. Some small cynodonts. South African Journal of Science 47:338-342 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 34659 | A. S. Brink. 1963. On Bauria cynops Broom. Palaeontologia africana 8:39-56 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 37649 | A. J. Charig and H.-D. Sues. 1976. Suborder Proterosuchia Broom 1906b. Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie 13:11-39 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 38126 | A. R. I. Cruickshank. 1978. The pes of Erythrosuchus africanus Broom. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 62:161-177 [R. Butler/R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 47047 | R. J. Damiani and B. S. Rubidge. 2003. A review of the South African temnospondyl amphibian record. Palaeontologia africana 39:21-36 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 31115 | C. E. Gow. 1977. New Procolophonids from the Triassic Cynognathus Zone of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 72(6):109-124 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht] | |
| 46648 | S. H. Haughton. 1925. Investigations in South African fossil reptiles and amphibians (Part 13). Annals of the South African Museum 22:227-261 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 27216 | J. W. Kitching. 1977. The distribution of the Karroo vertebrate fauna. Memoirs of the Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research 1:1-131 [H. Sims/J. Camp] | |
| 26917 | S.P. Modesto and R. J. Damiani. 2003. Taxonomic status of Thelegnathus browni Broom, a procolophonid reptile from the South African Triassic. Annals of Carnegie Museum 72(1):53-64 [J. Mueller/J. Dummasch] | |
| 47068 | D. M. S. Watson. 1962. The evolution of the labyrinthodonts. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 245:219-265 [R. Butler/R. Butler] |