Farm Fairydale, Bethulie: Induan - Olenekian, South Africa
collected by Kitching

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia - Procolophonidae
Procolophon trigoniceps Owen 1876
Kitching 1977
Reptilia - Prolacertidae
Prolacerta broomi Parrington 1935
Modesto and Sues 2004 1 individual
BP/1/4504a, skull
Reptilia - Proterosuchidae
cf. Proterosuchidae indet. Broom 1906
Ezcurra and Butler 2015 1 individual
BP/1/4589
unclassified
Thrinaxodon liorhinus Seeley 1894
Kitching 1977
SAM-PK-K8004
Galesaurus planiceps Owen 1860
Butler et al. 2018
BP/1/4506, BP/1/5064, NMQR 3716, RC 845, SAM-PK-K10465, SAM-PK-K10468
Anomodontia - Lystrosauridae
Lystrosaurus declivis Brink 1951
Kitching 1977
Lystrosaurus murrayi (Huxley 1859)
Botha and Smith 2007
Lystrosaurus curvatus (Owen 1876)
Kitching 1977
Therocephalia - Akidnognathidae
Moschorhinus kitchingi Broom 1920
1 individual
BP/1/4636, skull
Therocephalia - Lycideopidae
Tetracynodon darti Sigogneau 1963
Sigurdsen et al. 2012 1 individual
NMQR 3756
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Amphibamidae
Micropholis stowi Huxley 1859
Schoch and Rubidge 2005 2 individuals
BP/1/5215, skull roof. SAM K 8550, skull
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Lydekkerinidae
Eolydekkerina magna n. gen., n. sp. Shishkin et al. 1996
Shishkin et al. 1996 1 individual
BP/1/5079, almost complete skull (holotype)
see common names

Geography
Country:South Africa State/province:Free State
Coordinates: 30.5° South, 26.0° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:65.3° South, 18.6° West
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:local area
Time
Period:Triassic Epoch:Early/Lower Triassic
10 m.y. bin:Triassic 1
Key time interval:Induan - Olenekian Other zone: Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone
Age range of interval:252.17000 - 247.20000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Beaufort Formation:Katberg
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone, lower part.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: "siliciclastic"
Includes fossils?Y
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Degree of concentration:concentrated
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Temporal resolution:snapshot
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:chemical,mechanical,acetic,field collection,survey of museum collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:BPI
Collectors:Kitching
Collection method comments: SAM: Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town
Metadata
Database number:98602
Authorizer:R. Butler, A. Dunhill, M. Uhen Enterer:R. Butler, M. Uhen, B. Allen
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:vertebrate
Created:2010-10-14 02:12:06 Last modified:2018-08-01 15:02:33
Access level:the public Released:2010-10-14 02:12:06
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

35271. J. F. Durand. 1991. A revised description of the skull of Moschorhinus (Therapsida, Therocephalia). Annals of the South African Museum 99:381-413 [R. Butler/R. Butler]

Secondary references:

66488 J. Botha and R. M. H. Smith. 2007. Lystrosaurus species composition across the Permo–Triassic boundary in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. Lethaia 40:125-137 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
66783 E. Butler, F. Abdala, and J. Botha-Brink. 2018. Postcranial morphology of the Early Triassic epicynodont Galesaurus planiceps (Owen) from the Karoo Basin, South Africa. Papers in Palaeontology [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]
60752 M. D. Ezcurra and R. J. Butler. 2015. Taxonomy of the proterosuchid archosauriforms (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the earliest Triassic of South Africa, and implications for the early archosauriform radiation. Palaeontology 58(1):141-170 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
27216 J. W. Kitching. 1977. The distribution of the Karroo vertebrate fauna. Memoirs of the Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research 1:1-131 [H. Sims/J. Camp]
35276 S. P. Modesto and H.-D. Sues. 2004. The skull of the Early Triassic archosauromorph reptile Prolacerta broomi and its phylogenetic significance. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 140:335-351 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
46658 R. R. Schoch and B. S. Rubidge. 2005. The amphibamid Micropholis from the Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone of South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25(3):502-522 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
46526 M. A. Shishkin, B. S. Rubidge, and J. W. Kitching. 1996. A new lydekkerinid (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the lower Triassic of South Africa: implications for evolution of the early capitosauroid cranial pattern. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 351:1635-1659 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
47098 T. Sigurdsen, A. K. Huttenlocker, S. P. Modesto, T. B. Rowe, and R. Damiani. 2012. Reassessment of the morphology and paleobiology of the therocephalian Tetracynodon darti (Therapsida), and the phylogenetic relationships of Baurioidea. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(5):1113-1134 [R. Butler/R. Butler]