Bitter Creek: Wasatchian, Wyoming

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Multituberculata - Neoplagiaulacidae
cf. Parectypodus sp. Jepsen 1930
Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Marsupialia
Marsupialia indet. (Illiger 1811)
"Peratherium": Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Macroscelidea - Apheliscidae
Haplomylus speirianus (Cope 1880)
probably includes "Haplomylus" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae
Hyopsodus cf. miticulus (Cope 1874)
    = Hyopsodus sp. Leidy 1870
Alroy 2002
Hyopsodus loomisi McKenna 1960
probably includes "Hyopsodus" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Phenacodontidae
Phenacodus cf. primaevus (Cope 1873)
    = Phenacodus sp. Cope 1873
Alroy 2002
probably includes "Phenacodus" of Savage et al. 1972
Meniscotherium cf. priscum Granger 1915
    = Meniscotherium cf. tapiacitum Cope 1882
Alroy 2002
replaces ID of Gazin 1962
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae
Hyracotherium sp. Owen 1841
large Hyracotherium sp. Gingerich 1991b: "Homogalax primaevus"; presumably includes "Homogalax" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hyracotherium pernix n. sp. (Marsh 1876)
Gingerich 1991
recombined as Arenahippus pernix
Gazin's "H. cf. angustidens"; Hyracotherium listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Diacodexeidae
Diacodexis cf. metsiacus (Cope 1882)
    = Diacodexis sp. Cope 1882
Alroy 2002
could be D. kelleyi or D. secans, see Krishtalka and Stucky 1985
Mammalia - Procreodi - Arctocyonidae
Chriacus sp. Cope 1883
Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Creodonta - Oxyaenidae
Oxyaena sp. Cope 1874
    = Oxyaena lupina Cope 1874
Gunnell 1998
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Sinopa cf. multicuspis (Cope 1875)
    = Prototomus cf. secundarius Cope 1875
Alroy 2002
probably includes "Prototomus or Proviverra" listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Viverravidae
Didymictis protenus (Cope 1874)
    = Didymictis sp. Cope 1875
Alroy 2002
Viverravus cf. acutus Matthew and Granger 1915
Mammalia
cf. Vulpavus sp. Marsh 1871
probably includes "Miacidae" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Acreodi - Mesonychidae
Pachyaena ossifraga Cope 1874
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae
Nyctitheriidae indet. Simpson 1928
Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Erinaceidae
Adapisoricinae indet. Schlosser 1887
Savage et al. 1972
invalid subgroup of Erinaceidae
Mammalia - Pantolestidae
Palaeosinopa sp. Matthew 1901
    = Palaeosinopa incerta Bown and Schankler 1982
Bown and Schankler 1982
P. sp. also listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae
Paramys excavatus Loomis 1907
"Rodentia" listed by Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Primates - Microsyopidae
Cynodontomys angustidens Matthew 1915
recombined as Microsyops angustidens
ref 6294: probably includes "Microsyops" and "Uintasoricinae" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Primates - Paromomyidae
Phenacolemur cf. praecox Matthew 1915
    = Phenacolemurinae indet. Simpson 1955
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae
Pelycodus cf. trigonodus Matthew 1915
    = Cantius frugivorus Cope 1875
Alroy 2002
Pelycodus praetutus n. sp. Gazin 1962
recombined as Copelemur praetutus
ref 6294: may include "Pelycodus" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae
Omomys sp. Leidy 1869
Tetonoides pearcei n. gen., n. sp. Gazin 1962
type is from "Lowest beds of Knight member... 1 1/4 miles south of Bitter Creek Station" (Gazin 1962); ref 6294: probably includes "Tetonoides" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Leptictidae
Palaeictops tauricinerei (Jepsen 1930)
    = Prodiacodon cf. tauricinerei Jepsen 1930
Alroy 2002
presumably includes "cf. Leptacodon" and "Palaeictops" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Coryphodontidae
Coryphodon radians (Cope 1872)
probably includes "Coryphodon" of Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Apatemyidae
Apatemys sp. Marsh 1872
Savage et al. 1972
Mammalia - Pentacodontidae
Amaramnis gregoryi n. sp. Gazin 1962
see Gazin 1962: Amaramnis also listed by Savage et al. 1972
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Wyoming County:Sweetwater
Coordinates: 41.7° North, 109.0° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:46.6° North, 92.6° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
Stage:Ypresian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
*Period:Tertiary
Key time interval:Wasatchian
Age range of interval:54.90000 - 50.50000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Wasatch Member:Main Body
Local section:Washa Local bed:1
Local order:bottom to top
Lithology and environment
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Collection methods and comments
Taxonomic list comments:Arapahovius Paleofaunule includes a locality at the top of the Bitter Creek local section (Turtle Graveyard); however, this is 233.9' above Zonule 2, and Gazin's material was said to be from the "lowest part of the Eocene sequence"; Zonule 2 list of Savage et al. 1972 therefore is incorporated into Gazin's list
Metadata
Also known as:Zonule 2; Black Buttes
Database number:15455
Authorizer:J. Alroy Enterer:J. Alroy
Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2002-06-03 03:27:40
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
1618. C. L. Gazin. 1965. Early Eocene mammalian faunas and their environment in the vicinity of the Rock Springs Uplift, Wyoming. Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook 19:171-180 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
1125 T. M. Bown and D. Schankler. 1982. A review of the Proteutheria and Insectivora of the Willwood Formation (Lower Eocene), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1523:1-79 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
1660 P. D. Gingerich. 1991. Systematics and Evolution of Early Eocene Perissodactyla (Mammalia) in the Clarks Fork Basin, Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 28(8):181-213 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]
1735 G. F. Gunnell. 1998. Creotonda. In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.), Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America, Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulate like Mammals [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
3017 D. E. Savage, B. T. Waters, and J. H. Hutchison. 1972. in West guidebook [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]