Loc. 14 - Thano Bula Khan (Gaj Fm): Early/Lower Miocene, Pakistan
collected by Iqbar 1966

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostrea angulata Sowerby 1840
recombined as Crassostrea angulata
see common names

Geography
Country:Pakistan
Coordinates: 25.4° North, 67.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:19.6° North, 67.2° East
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Miocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 5
Key time interval:Early/Lower Miocene
Age range of interval:23.03000 - 15.97000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Gaj
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From Gaj Fm, which conformably overlies the Nari Fm (Oligocene), and is unconformably overlain by the Nagri Fm (Late Miocene-Early Pliocene). THICKNESS: Ranges between 615-1384 m. AGE: Iqbal (1980) is inconsistent in stating age, with Late Miocene in text, but Early Miocene (Aquitanian) in figures. An Early Miocene age is assigned. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: Unknown position within Gaj Fm.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:ferruginous,gypsiferous,brown,gray,green,red poorly lithified argillaceous,sandy "shale"
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Shale, with subordinate sandstone and limestone. Shale is olive green, greenish-grey, purple, red, and brown, soft, clayey, partly gypsiferous, in places sandy and nodular. LITHIFICATION: Poorly lithified, on the basis of facies description.
Environment:offshore
Geology comments: ENVIRONMENT: Shallow marine siliciclastic on the basis of faunal composition.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:biostratigraphic analysis
Collectors:Iqbar Collection dates:1966
Collection method comments: COLLECTOR: M. W. A. Iqbar (1966). REPOSITORY: Geological Survey of Pakistan.
Taxonomic list comments:COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropod and bivalvia. NOMENCLATURE: Authoritative publication with relatively modern nomenclature, and consistent subgenus and species-resolution identifications.
Metadata
Database number:77454
Authorizer:A. Hendy Enterer:A. Hendy
Modifier:A. Hendy Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2008-01-12 18:33:41 Last modified:2013-11-25 13:37:23
Access level:authorizer only Released:2009-01-12 18:33:41
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

26212. M. W. A. Iqbal. 1980. Oligo-Miocene bivalves and gastropods from Kirthar Province, lower Indus Basin, Pakistan. Records of the Geological Society of Pakistan 51:1-59 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]