Haikou [Yuanshan Fm (formerly Qiongzhusi)] (Cambrian of China)
Also known as Chengjiang biota; Jingmacun, Kunming
Where: Yunnan, China (24.8° N, 102.6° E: paleocoordinates 35.1° N, 161.1° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• local area-level geographic resolution
When: Eoredlichia trilobite zone, Yuanshan Formation, Atdabanian (521.0 - 516.0 Ma)
• LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY: Formerly from the Yuanshan Mbr, Qiongzhusi Fm. Yuanshan is raised to formation rank in recent publications (Steiner 2005, 2007). Wade-Giles romanization of Qiongzhusi is Chiungchussu. AGE: Eoredlichia Zone. Refined to Atdabanian by A. Hendy (2/2009)
• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: marine; lithified, gray, green, yellow, carbonaceous mudstone
• "benthic sediment flows... are believed to have been the the principal method of burial" (Shu et al. 1999b)
•"presence of agglutinated quartz grains, substantially coarser than the surrounding matrix... suggests... that the animal inhabited a higher-energy, sandy sea floor and was transported" (Shu et al. 2001)
• LITHOLOGY: Dark grey-green (yellow, when weathered), finely laminated mudstones, containing organic hash in great quantity. LITHIFICATION: Lithified, on the basis of figures.
Size class: macrofossils
Preservation: adpression, soft parts
Collection methods: surface (in situ), hydrochloric,
• COLLECTOR: Multiple collectors. REPOSITORY: Not stated in text.
Primary reference: M. Steiner, M. Zhu, Y. Zhao and B.-D. Erdtmann. 2005. Lower Cambrian Burgess Shale-type fossil associations of South China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 220:129-152 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 68083: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 02.01.2007, edited by Pete Wagner, Austin Hendy and Marcus Domansky
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for all groups. NOMENCLATURE: From a combination of authoritative and review publications, with modern nomenclature and species-resolution identifications.
Show authors, comments, and common names
| unclassified | |
Cyathocephalus bispinosus, Diplopyge forcipatus, Diplopyge minutus, Glossocaris oculatus, Jianshania furcatus, Mafangia subscalaria, Mafangocaris multinodus, Ovalicephalus mirabilis, Pterotrum triacanthus, Pigmaclypeatus daziensis, Syrrhaptis intestinalis, Paucipoda haikouensis, Xioheiqingella peculiaris, Protosagitta spinosa, Haikouella lanceolata, Haikouella jianshanensis, Zhongxiniscus intermedius, Zhongjianichthys rostratus, Anthotrum robustus, Calathites spinalis, Dinomisculus venustus, Macrocephalus elongatus, Phacatrum tubifer, Phasganula longa, Pristioites bifarius, Rhipitrus clavifer, Megaspirellus houi
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| Fuxianospira | |
| Sinocylindra yunnanensis | |
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Sinocylindra yunnanensis Chen and Erdtmann 1991 | |
| Xidazoon stephanus | |
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Xidazoon stephanus n. gen. n. sp.6 Shu et al. 1999
Xidazoon stephanus Shu et al. 1999 | |
| Xianguangia | |
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Xianguangia sinica Chen and Erdtmann 1991 | |
| Cambrorhytium | |
| Hexactinellida | |
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Saetaspongia densa Mehl and Reitner 1993 glass sponge | |
| Demospongiae | |
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Hamptonia bowerbanki Walcott 1920 demosponge | |
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Halichondrites sp. Walcott 1920 demosponge | |
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Leptomitus teretiusculus Chen et al. 1989 demosponge
Paraleptomitella dictyodroma Chen et al. 1989 demosponge | |
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Hazelia palmata Walcott 1920 demosponge | |
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Choia sp. Walcott 1920 demosponge
Choiaella radiata Rigby and Hou 1995 demosponge
Allantospongia mica Rigby and Hou 1995 demosponge | |
| Scleroctenophora | |
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Trigoides aclis Luo et al. 1999 | |
| Nectocaris | |
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Petalilium latus Luo and Hu 1999 | |
| Vetulicolida | |
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Pomatrum ventralis Luo et al. 1999 | |
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Cheungkongella ancestralis n. gen. n. sp.5 Shu et al. 2001
Cheungkongella ancestralis Shu et al. 2001 | |
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Stellostomites eumorphus Sun and Hou 1987 | |
| Agnatha | |
Myllokunmingia fengjiaoa n. gen. n. sp.7, Myllokunmingia fengjiaoa, Haikouichthys ercaicunensis n. gen. n. sp.7, Haikouichthys ercaicunensis
Myllokunmingia fengjiaoa Wagner 2023 jawless fish
Haikouichthys ercaicunensis Luo et al. 1999 jawless fish | |
| Cephalochordata | |
| Corynetis brevis | |
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Corynetis brevis Luo and Hu 1999 | |
| Sicyophorus | |
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Sicyophorus rara Luo and Hu 1999 | |
| Acosmia maotiania | |
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Acosmia maotiania Chen and Zhou 1997 | |
| Paraselkirkia | |
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? Maotianshania cylindrica Sun and Huo 1987 | |
| Palaeoscolecida | |
"Palaeoscolex sinensis" = Mafangscolex sinensis
"Palaeoscolex sinensis" = Mafangscolex sinensis Hou and Sun 1988 | |
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Tylotites petiolaris Luo and Hu 1999
Tabelliscolex hexagonus Han et al. 2003 | |
"? Odaraia eurypetala" = Pectocaris
"? Odaraia eurypetala" = Pectocaris | |
| Ercaia | |
| Deuteropoda | |
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Fuxianhuia protensa Hou 1987 | |
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Ercaicunia multinodosa Luo et al. 1999
Branchiocaris yunnanensis Hou 1987 | |
| Crustacea | |
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Chuandianella ovata Li 1975
Waptia sp.7 Walcott 1912 | |
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Urokodia aequalis Hou et al. 1989 | |
| Deuteropoda | |
| Megacheira | |
"Leanchoilia illecebrosa" = Leanchoilia illecebrosa, "Dianchia mirabilis" = Leanchoilia illecebrosa, "Apiocephalus elegans" = Leanchoilia illecebrosa, "Leanchoilia asiatica" = Leanchoilia illecebrosa
"Leanchoilia illecebrosa" = Leanchoilia illecebrosa Hou 1987
"Dianchia mirabilis" = Leanchoilia illecebrosa Hou 1987
"Apiocephalus elegans" = Leanchoilia illecebrosa Hou 1987
"Leanchoilia asiatica" = Leanchoilia illecebrosa Hou 1987 | |
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Fortiforceps foliosa Hou and Bergström 1997 | |
| Artiopoda | |
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Squamacula clypeata Hou and Bergström 1997
Retifacies abnormalis Hou et al. 1989 | |
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Kuamaia lata Hou 1987
Saperion glumaceum Hou et al. 1991 | |
| Trilobita | |
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Kuanyangia pustulosa Lu 1941 trilobite
"Eoredlichia intermedia" = Eoredlichia intermediata Lu 1940 trilobite | |
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Yunnanocephalus yunnanensis Mansuy 1912 trilobite | |
| Artiopoda | |
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Cindarella eucalla Chen et al. 1996
Sinoburius lunaris Hou et al. 1991
Xandarella sp. Hou et al. 1991 | |
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"Naraoia longicaudata" = Misszhouia longicaudata Zhang and Hou 1985
Naraoia sp.7 Walcott 1912
Naraoia spinosa Zhang and Hou 1985 | |
"Anomalocaris saron" = Houcaris saron
"Anomalocaris saron" = Houcaris saron Hou et al. 1995 | |
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Parapeytoia yunnanensis Hou et al. 1995 | |
| Megadictyon | |
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Megadictyon haikouensis Luo and Hu 1999 | |
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Primicaris larvaformis Zhang et al. 2003 | |
Combinivalvula chengjiangensis, Acanthomeridion serratum, Kunmingella bispinosus, Kunmingella douvillei
Combinivalvula chengjiangensis Hou 1987
Acanthomeridion serratum Hou et al. 1989
Kunmingella douvillei Mansuy 1912 | |
| Tanglangia | |
| Jianfengia | |
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Jianfengia multisegmentalis Hou 1987 | |
| Cardiodictyon | |
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Cardiodictyon catenulum Hou et al. 1991 | |
| Diania cactiformis | |
Diania cactiformis n. gen. n. sp.4
Diania cactiformis n. gen. n. sp.4 Liu et al. 2011 | |
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Hallucigenia fortis1 Hou and Bergström 1995 | |
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Onychodictyon gracilis n. sp.2 Liu et al. 2008 | |
| Xenusia | |
Jianshanopodia decora n. gen. n. sp.3
Jianshanopodia decora n. gen. n. sp.3 Liu et al. 2006 | |
| Bilateria | |
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"Xishania longiusula" = Facivermis longiusula Hu 2002
Facivermis yunnanicus Hou and Chen 1989
Luolishania longicruris Hou and Chen 1989 | |
| Hyolitha | |
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Linevitus billingsi Walcott 1886
Ambrolinevitus ventricosus Qian 1978 | |
| Lingulata | |
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Lingulellotreta malongensis Rong 1974 | |
"Lingulella chengjiangensis" = Eoglossa chengjiangensis
"Lingulella chengjiangensis" = Eoglossa chengjiangensis Jin et al. 1993 | |
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Diandongia pista Rong 1974 | |
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Heliomedusa orienta9 Sun and Hou 1987
Heliomedusa orienta Sun and Hou 1987 | |
| Cotyledion tylodes | |
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Cotyledion tylodes Luo and Hu 1999 | |
| Amiskwia | |
| Lagenula striolata | |
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Lagenula striolata Luo and Hu 1999 | |
| Sandaokania latinodosa | |
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Sandaokania latinodosa Luo and Hu 1999 | |
| Discoides abnormis | |
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Discoides abnormis Luo et al. 1999 | |