Ewekoro Quarry (Paleocene of Nigeria)

Where: Nigeria (6.9° N, 3.2° E: paleocoordinates 1.3° S, 3.5° W)

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Globorotalia pusilla pusilla-Morozovella angulata - lower Globorotalia pseudomenardii foram zone, Ewekoro Formation, Selandian (61.6 - 59.2 Ma)

• Globorotalia pusilla pusilla-Morozovella angulata zone and lower part of the Globorotalia pseudomenardii zone (Petters & Olsson, 1979). Overlain by the AKINBO Formation unconformably.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: open shallow subtidal; lithified, shelly/skeletal, gray packstone

• The fossil content, which includes several shallow water and littoral taxa, e.g. neritids (Velates nigeriensis, new species), the worn nature of the bioclastic fragments and their good sorting indicate accumulation under a high-energy, littoral to shallow-shelf condition. The overlying unit also contains rounded grains, sorting, channel-fills, and crossbeds, further supporting an open shallow subtidal.
• Coquinoidal limestone, sandy at the base (light brown to gray sandy biomicrosparite limestone with few bioclastic fragments), shelly in the middle (massive gray limestone with abundant shells, echinoids and corals, and little terrigenous matter; coarse-grained and recrystallized) and sparry at the top (algal biosparite with few fosils. Channel-fills and high-energy crossbedded units are locally common). The middle and main fossiliferous unit is a shelly biomicrite, a light brownish-gray bioclastic limestone. Many of the shells were broken or heavily abraded prior to deposition. The matrix is micrite and contains only a small amount of terrigenous material. Quartz grains are generally present in small quantities though occasional sandy pockets are encountered.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: replaced with calcite

Primary reference: O. S. Adegoke. 1977. Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Ewekoro Formation (Paleocene) of Southwestern Nigeria. Bulletins of American Paleontology 71(295):1-379 [L. Ivany/E. Kowalski]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 7791: authorized by Linda Ivany, entered by Elizabeth Kowalski on 02.06.2000, edited by Matthew Clapham and Mark Uhen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Several of the families are new.
Anthozoa
 Scleractinia - Turbinoliidae
Conocyathus togoensis Oppenheim 1915 stony coral
Conocyathus daniae n. sp. Ogbe 1976 stony coral
Conocyathus (Chingchingocyathus) ireneae n. sp. Ogbe 1976 stony coral
 Scleractinia - Caryophylliidae
Tiarasmilia sp. Wells 1932 stony coral
 Scleractinia - Stylinidae
? Stylina sp. Lamarck 1816 stony coral
 Scleractinia - Cladophylliidae
"Schizosmilia sp." = Cladophyllia
"Schizosmilia sp." = Cladophyllia Milne-Edwards and Haime 1851 stony coral
 Scleractinia - Astrocoeniidae
Adegokeastrea ewekoroensis n. gen. n. sp. Ogbe 1976 stony coral
Echinoidea
 Clypeasteroida - Fibulariidae
 Cassiduloida - Cassidulidae
Cassidulus kieri n. sp. sea urchin
 Spatangoida - Hemiasteridae
Hemiasteridae indet. Clark 1917 heart urchin
 Calycina - Phymosomatidae
Crinoidea
  -
Crinoidea indet. Miller 1821 Sea lily
Chondrichthyes
 Lamniformes - Odontaspididae
Odontaspis sp. Agassiz 1838 sand tiger shark
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Rhinoptera sp. Cuvier 1829 cownose ray
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
Cephalopoda
 Nautilida - Hercoglossidae
Cimomia (Afrocimomia) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 nautiloid
Cimomia ogbei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 nautiloid
Cimomia reymenti n. sp. Adegoke 1977 nautiloid
Cimomia milleri n. sp. Adegoke 1977 nautiloid
Cimomia dessauvagiei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 nautiloid
Deltoidonautilus togoensis Miller 1951 nautiloid
Gastropoda
 Seguenzioidea - Eucyclidae
Mirachelus adeyemoi n. sp. snail
 Trochoidea - Solariellidae
Solariella adedayoi n. sp. snail
 Trochoidea - Trochidae
 Trochoidea - Turbinidae
Afrollonia angustiumbilicata n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Afrollonia nigeriensis n. gen. n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Afrollonia togoensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Lepetellida - Fissurellidae
 Opisthobranchia - Cylichnidae
Cylichna makanjuolai n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Neritoidea - Neritidae
Velates nigeriensis n. sp. snail
 Heterostropha - Architectonicidae
Pseudomalaxis (Nigerialaxis) sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
sp. A
Pseudomalaxis (Nigerialaxis) kayodei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Pseudomalaxis (Nigerialaxis) fayosei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Pseudomalaxis (Nigerialaxis) africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Pseudomalaxis (Platylaxis) nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Architectonica sp. Röding 1798 sundial
Architectonica nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 sundial
Architectonica asseezi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 sundial
 Heterostropha - Pyramidellidae
Syrnola isiakae n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Odostomia nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Odostomia (Ravnostomia) rosenkrantzi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Heterostropha - Acteonidae
"Tornatellaea (Ravniella) africana" = Tornatellaea africana
"Tornatellaea (Ravniella) africana" = Tornatellaea africana Furon 1948 snail
 Architaenioglossa - Ampullinidae
Ampullina tapina Vincent 1972 snail
Ampullina tapina kogbei
Globularia guineensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
Calyptraea ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 slipper shell
Calyptraea nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 slipper shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Campanilidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Cerithiopsidae
Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsida) yoloyei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) adekunbii n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) akinjidei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) fagadei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Triforidae
Cerithiella (Stilus) nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
Sinum akinkugbei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 moon snail
"Euspira togoensis" = Natica (Polinices) togoensis Furon 1948 moon snail
Crommium nigeriense n. sp. Adegoke 1977 moon snail
 Neogastropoda - Pseudolividae
Pseudoliva (Buccinorbis) guineensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
[entered as Psuedoliva guineensis]
 Neogastropoda - Costellariidae
Conomitra guineensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 ribbed mitre
 Neogastropoda - Cancellariidae
"Bonellitia (Admetula) sp." = Admetula, Bonellitia (Admetula) imevborei n. sp.
"Bonellitia (Admetula) sp." = Admetula Cossmann 1889 snail
Bonellitia (Admetula) imevborei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Neogastropoda - Clavatulidae
Turricula (Turricula) nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Turricula (Turricula) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
"Clinuropsis togoensis" = Pleurotoma togoensis, Surculites kogbei n. sp.
"Clinuropsis togoensis" = Pleurotoma togoensis Oppenheim 1915 turrid
Surculites kogbei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turrid
 Neogastropoda - Melongenidae
Heligmotoma (Heligmotoma) nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Heligmotoma (Douvilletoma) oppenheimi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Heligmotoma (Douvilletoma) oluwolei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Cornulina (Afrocornulina) africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Sycostoma (Sycostoma) jonesi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Sycostoma (Sycostoma) robusta n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Sycostoma (Pseudomazzalina) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Sycostoma (Pseudomazzalina) eamesi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Levifusus yochelsoni n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
"Levifusus palaeocenicus" = Fusus (Levifusus) palaeocenicus Furon 1948 snail
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Janiopsis ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Tritonidea africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Parkeristoma reymenti n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Parkeristoma guineensis n. gen. n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Siphonalia bryani n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Siphonalia nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Siphonalia guineensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Strepsidura (Eamesidura) newtoni n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Strepsidura kerstingi Oppenheim 1915 true whelk
Pseudoliva adelekei n. sp. true whelk
[entered as Psuedoliva adelekei]
Pseudoliva rogersi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
[entered as Psuedoliva rogersi]
Pseudoliva funkeana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true whelk
Psuedoliva funkeana funkeana [20]; Psuedoliva funkeana ornata [1]
 Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
? Latirus (Polygona) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Clavilithes (Cosmothithes) oluwasanmii n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Clavilithes (Rhopalithes) toyei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Neogastropoda - Columbellidae
? Tetrastomella ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Neogastropoda - Olividae
Vanpalmeria africana n. gen. n. sp.
Vanpalmeria africana n. gen. n. sp. Adegoke 1977 olive snail
 Neogastropoda - Olivellidae
Agaronia togoensis Furon 1848 snail
 Neogastropoda -
Vincenturris woodringi n. gen. n. sp.
Vincenturris woodringi n. gen. n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Neogastropoda - Speightiidae
Clinuropsis diderrichi snail
Clinuropsis diderrichi nigeriensis
 Neogastropoda - Volutidae
Voluta africana n. sp., Volutocorbis furoni n. sp., "Volutilithes (Afrovolutilithes) uniplicata" = Volutilithes (Neoathleta) uniplicata, "Volutilithes (Afrovolutilithes) gruneri" = Volutilithes gruneri, Volutilithes (Afrovolutilithes) oppenheimi n. sp., "Pseudaulicina simplex" = Lapparia (Pseudaulicina) simplex
Voluta africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 volute
Volutocorbis furoni n. sp. Adegoke 1977 volute
"Volutilithes (Afrovolutilithes) uniplicata" = Volutilithes (Neoathleta) uniplicata Furon 1948 volute
"Volutilithes (Afrovolutilithes) gruneri" = Volutilithes gruneri Oppenheim 1915 volute
Volutilithes (Afrovolutilithes) oppenheimi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 volute
"Pseudaulicina simplex" = Lapparia (Pseudaulicina) simplex Furon 1948 volute
 Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Cryptospira sp. margin shell
n. sp.
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Hexaplex (Paziella) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 murex snail
"Pugilina akoi n. sp." = Crassimurex akoi Adegoke 1977 murex snail
Rapana (Nigerapana) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 murex snail
 Neogastropoda - Harpidae
? Oniscidia aff. chavani Furon 1948 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Strombidae
? Terebellum sp. Röding 1798 true conch
Tibia bivarica n. sp. Adegoke 1977 true conch
 Sorbeoconcha - Rostellariidae
"Rimella ewekoroensis n. sp." = Calyptraphorus ewekoroensis, Tibia (Amplogladius) oppenheimi n. sp., "Rimella subhumerosa" = Rostellaria (Cyclomolops) subhumerosa, "Rimella adekunbiana n. sp." = Cyclomolops adekunbiana
"Rimella ewekoroensis n. sp." = Calyptraphorus ewekoroensis Adegoke 1977 snail
Tibia (Amplogladius) oppenheimi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
"Rimella subhumerosa" = Rostellaria (Cyclomolops) subhumerosa Oppenheim 1915 snail
"Rimella adekunbiana n. sp." = Cyclomolops adekunbiana Adegoke 1977 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Cypraeidae
Gisortia brevis Douvillé 1920 cowry
Gisortia brevis ewekoroensis
 Sorbeoconcha - Pediculariidae
Cypraedia ogbei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Eocypraeidae
Eocypraea nigeriensis n. sp., "Cypraea ewekoroensis n. sp." = Eocypraea ewekoroensis
Eocypraea nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
"Cypraea ewekoroensis n. sp." = Eocypraea ewekoroensis Adegoke 1977 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Bursidae
Bursa saundersi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 frog shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Ranellidae
Sassia africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 triton shell
Sassia nigeriana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 triton shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Rissoidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Hipponicidae
Hipponix aff. demissus Cox 1952 hoof shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Vermetidae
Vermetus (Vermetus) nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 worm shell
Burtinella turriformis n. sp. worm shell
Burtinella ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 worm shell
 Cerithioidea - Potamididae
Potamides trituberculatus Cox 1952 horn snail
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
Haustator sp. Monfort 1810 turret shell
n. sp.
Haustator oyawoyei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Haustator nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Haustator furoni n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Reymentella olaniyani n. gen. n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
"Torquesia adabionensis" = Turritella adabionensis Oppenheim 1915 turret shell
Torquesia oppenheimi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Mesalia sp. Gray 1847 turret shell
sp. A, sp. B
Mesalia akinkugbei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Mesalia akinolae n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Mesalia rogersi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Mesalia salvani n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Mesalia passi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
Mesalia fallockensis Tessier 1952 turret shell
Mesalia fallockensis ewekoroensis
Mesalia reymenti n. sp. Adegoke 1977 turret shell
 Cerithioidea - Diastomatidae
Ewekoroia nigeriensis n. gen. n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Ewekoroia rugifera n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
Ewekoroia acirsoides Furon 1948 snail
 Cerithioidea - Batillariidae
Pyrazus nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Cerithioidea - Cerithiidae
Cerithium (Nigerithium) coorayi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 cerith snail
Druidwilsonia nigeriana n. gen. n. sp. Adegoke 1977 cerith snail
Wendella nigeriensis n. gen. n. sp. cerith snail
Bittium guineense n. sp. cerith snail
 Cerithioidea - Planaxidae
Planaxis africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 snail
 Cerithioidea - Thiaridae
Bayania cheneyi n. sp. snail
? Bayania sp. Munier-Chalmas 1877 snail
Scaphopoda
 Dentaliida - Dentaliidae
Dentalium (Laevidentalium) guineense n. sp., Dentalium (Laevidentalium) nigeriense n. sp., "Dentalium (Antalis) ewekoroense n. sp." = Antalis
"Dentalium (Antalis) ewekoroense n. sp." = Antalis tusk shell
Bivalvia
 Arcida - Glycymerididae
Glycymeris sp. Da Costa 1778 clam
sp. A, sp. B
"Glycymeris (Glycymeris) togoensis" = Pectunculus subtogoensis Oppenheim 1915 clam
Glycymeris (Ewekoromeris) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Glycymeris (Glycymeris) guineensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Arcida - Cucullaeidae
Cucullaea ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Arcida - Arcidae
Arca (Arca) accra Cox 1952 ark
Barbatia (Acar) micronodosa n. sp. Adegoke 1977 miniature ark
Barbatia (Barbatia) nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Barbatia (Barbatia) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Barbatia (Barbatia) yoloyei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Arcida - Parallelodontidae
Cucullaria coxi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Pectinida - Plicatulidae
Plicatula (Darteplicatula) gorodiskii n. sp. Adegoke 1977 scallop
Plicatula costaeirregularis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 scallop
 Pectinida - Anomiidae
Anomia cooperi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 jingle
? Carolia freneixi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 scallop
 Ostreida - Gryphaeidae
Pycnodonte ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
Pycnodonte nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
? Crassostrea sp. Sacco 1897 oyster
Ostrea sp. Linnaeus 1758 oyster
Ostrea abeokutaensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
Ostrea asseezi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
Ostrea olowui n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
Ostrea kauffmani n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
Ostrea meunieri Douvillé 1920 oyster
Ostrea meunieri nigeriensis
Ostrea sohli n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
Ostrea durotoyei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
Ostrea paleomarginidentata n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
Ostrea omatsolae n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
 Ostreida - Malleidae
Vulsella walleri n. sp. Adegoke 1977 oyster
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
Modiolus sp. Lamarck 1801 mussel
Mytilus nigeriensis n. sp. mussel
Lithophaga turneri n. sp. Adegoke 1977 mussel
 Mytilida -
Sootryenella ewekoroensis n. gen. n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
? Parvicorbis sp. Cossmann 1892 clam
Fimbria subdavidsoni Furon 1948 clam
? Fimbria cf. furoni Cox 1952 clam
Fimbria africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Parvilucina chavani n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Parvilucina elegantissima n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Miltha africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Anodontia (Afranodontia) marginidentata n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
Corbula nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Corbula atlantica Furon 1948 clam
 Cardiida - Corbiculidae
Corbicula serrodentata Adegoke 1977 clam
Corbicula (Corbicula) sp. Megerle 1811 clam
 Cardiida - Glossidae
Glossus (Cytherocardia) nigeriana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Cardiida - Mactridae
Spisula (Notospisula) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Spisula (Crepispisula) nigeriensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Cardiida - Veneridae
Macrocallista femii n. sp. Adegoke 1977 venus clam
Macrocallista lunulata n. sp. Adegoke 1977 venus clam
Macrocallista aurilitoralis Cox 1952 venus clam
Macrocallista ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 venus clam
Dosiniopsis ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 venus clam
Pitar (Pitar) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 venus clam
"Macrocallista gruneri" = Cytherea gruneri Oppenheim 1915 venus clam
"Costacallista adabionensis" = Cytherea adabionensis Oppenheim 1915 venus clam
Tivelina ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 venus clam
? Aeora africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 venus clam
Transennella africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 venus clam
 Cardiida - Arcticidae
Arctica africana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Cardiida - Trapezidae
Kitsonia paleocenica n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Cardiida - Ungulinidae
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
Cardium (Cardium) nicklesi n. sp. Adegoke 1977 cockle
Cardium (Cardium) guineense n. sp. Adegoke 1977 cockle
Cardium (Cardium) okeziei n. sp. Adegoke 1977 cockle
"Trachycardium mamillatum" = Cardium (Trachycardium) mamillatum Furon 1948 cockle
 Cardiida - Donacidae
Notodonax (Protodonax) nigeriana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
Tellina (Acropagia) sp. Linnaeus 1758 tellin clam
Tellina (Elliptotellina) kouriatchyi Furon 1948 tellin clam
 Carditida - Condylocardiidae
Carditella (Carditella) baloguni n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Carditida - Carditidae
Venericardia juneri Cox 1952 clam
Venericardia tabligboensis Oppenheim 1915 clam
Venericardia (Venericor) nigeriana n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Venericardia angusticosta n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Venericardia togoensis Oppenheim 1915 clam
Venericardia koerti Oppenheim 1915 clam
Venericardia costagranosa n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Venericardia ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
 Carditida - Astartidae
Astarte (Astarte) ewekoroensis n. sp. Adegoke 1977 clam
Malacostraca
 Decapoda - Callianassidae
Callianassa seefriedi Ammon 1905 decapod