PBDB Collection

Silveirinha clay pit: Early/Lower Eocene, Portugal

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae

	Pelobatidae indet. Lataste 1879	Rage and Augé 2003	2 fragments
	2 fragments of ilia (identified as Eopelobates sp. by Antunes & Russel, 1981)
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela

	Salamandridae indet. Gray 1825	Rage and Augé 2003	39 elements
	37 vertebrae, 2 fragments of humeri (taxon already mentioned by Antunes & Russel, 1981)
Reptilia

	Neornithes indet. Gadow 1893	Antunes 2003
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Recurvirostridae

	Fluviatilavis antunesi n. gen., n. sp. Harrison 1983	Harrison 1983	3 elements
	Femur (holotype). Referred specimens: distal humerus and right radius
Reptilia

	Diplocynodon sp. Pomel 1847	Antunes 2003
	Elements from across the skeleton
Reptilia - Agamidae

	cf. Tinosaurus sp. (Marsh 1872)	Rage and Augé 2003	1 fragment
	synonym of Saniwa
	fragment of bone bearing two teeth
Reptilia - Iguanidae

	Iguanidae indet. Oppel 1811	Rage and Augé 2003	3 fragments
	3 fragments of dentigerous bone

	Geiseltaliellus sp. Kuhn 1944	Rage and Augé 2003	1 fragment
	posterior part of maxilla
Reptilia

	Serpentes indet. (Linnaeus 1758)	Rage and Augé 2003	1 element
	1 vertebra
Reptilia - Tropidophiidae

	Dunnophis matronensis Rage 1973	Rage and Augé 2003	34 elements
	34 vertebrae (taxon mentioned as Dunnophis cf. matronensis by Antunes & Russel, 1981)
Reptilia - Boidae

	Boidae indet. Gray 1825	Rage and Augé 2003	16 elements
	16 vertebrae (taxon mentioned as Boinae indet. by Antunes & Russel, 1981)
Reptilia - Amphisbaenidae

	Amphisbaenidae indet. Gray 1865	Rage and Augé 2003	12 elements
	2 posterior parts of dentaries, about 10 vertebrae (taxon mentioned as Amphisbaenia indet. by Antunes & Russel, 1981)
Reptilia - Anguidae

	Glyptosaurinae indet. Marsh 1872	Rage and Augé 2003
	some incomplete dentaries and hundreds of trunk osteoderms

	Melanosaurini indet. Sullivan 1979	Rage and Augé 2003	1 fragment
	incomplete parietal

	cf. Melanosaurus sp. Gilmore 1928	Rage and Augé 2003	2 fragments
	1 incomplete jugal and 1 fragment of what is probably a parietal

	Glyptosaurini indet. Sullivan 1979	Rage and Augé 2003
	6 fragments of skull bones and tens of isolated osteoderms (taxon identified as "forme du groupe Placosaurus" by Antunes & Russel, 1981)

	? Anguinae indet. Gray 1825	Rage and Augé 2003	2 elements
	1 posterior part of dentary, 1 vertebra (shape of teeth reminiscent of group of Anguinae that includes Dopasia and Anguis)
Reptilia - Varanidae

	? Varanidae indet. Hardwicke and Gray 1824	Rage and Augé 2003	1 element
	vertebra (presence of a pseudozygosphene is reminiscent of the genus Saniwa)
Reptilia

	Scincomorpha informal indet. 1 (Camp 1923)	Rage and Augé 2003	4 fragments
	4 fragments of dentigerous bone

	Scincomorpha informal indet. 2 (Camp 1923)	Rage and Augé 2003	2 specimens
	1 fragment of dentigerous bone, 1 vertebra
Reptilia - Gekkonidae

	Gekkonidae indet. Gray 1825	Rage and Augé 2003	3 elements
	2 anterior parts of dentaries, 1 trunk vertebra
Reptilia - Testudines - Podocnemididae

	Neochelys sp. Bergounioux 1954	Lapparent de Broin 2003
	multiple elements. Listed as "N. cf. arenarum" in Antunes & Russell, 1981
Mammalia - Apatemyidae

	Heterohyus sp. Gervais 1848
	sp. I + II

	Apatemys sp. Marsh 1872
	+ cf. Apatemys sp.

	Russellmys denisae n. gen., n. sp. Estravís 1990	Estravís 1990	1 specimen
	SV3-249, maxilla
Mammalia - Cimolestidae

	Ilerdoryctes cf. sigei Marandat 1989
Mammalia - Leptictidae

	Didelphodus sp. Cope 1882
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Archaeonycteridae

	Archaeonycteris praecursor n. sp. Tabuce et al. 2009	Tabuce et al. 2009	1 specimen
	A right lower m1 or m2, UNLSNC-447
Mammalia - Primates

	Donrussellia lusitanica n. sp. Estravís 2000
Mammalia - Primates - Paromomyidae

	Arcius zbyszewskii n. sp. Estravís 2000
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae

	Microparamys paisi Estravís 1994

	Microparamys cf. nanus Teilhard de Jardin 1927

	Meldimys cardosoi n. sp. Estravís 2000
	recombined as Euromys cardosoi
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae

	Nyctitheriidae indet. Simpson 1928

	cf. Leptacodon sp. Matthew and Granger 1921

	Leptacodon nascimentoi n. sp. Estravís 1996	Estravís 1996
	SV3-302 - type
Mammalia

	? Talpavus sp. Marsh 1872
Mammalia - Acreodi

	Mondegodon eutrigonus n. gen., n. sp. Tabuce et al. 2011	Tabuce et al. 2011
Mammalia - Viverravidae

	cf. Viverravus sp. Marsh 1872
Mammalia - Carnivora - Miacidae

	Miacidae indet. Cope 1880
Mammalia

	Miacis cf. latouri Quinet 1966
	recombined as Dormaalocyon latouri

	cf. Miacis sp. Cope 1872
Mammalia - Creodonta

	Creodonta indet. (Cope 1875)
Mammalia - Diacodexeidae

	Diacodexis antunesi n. sp. Estravís and Russell 1989	Estravís and Russell 1989
	CEPUNL SV3-338 - type; originally listed as Diacodexis cf. gazini (Antunes and Russell 1981)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Lophiodontidae

	cf. Lophiaspis maurettei Depéret 1910
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Hyracotherium cf. vulpiceps (Owen 1858)
	original and current combination Pliolophus vulpiceps
Mammalia - Perissodactyla

	Paschatherium marianae Estravís and Russell 1992

	Microhyus reisi Antunes et al. 1987
	recombined as Teilhardimys reisi
Mammalia

	Eurodon silveirinhensis n. gen., n. sp. Estravís and Russell 1992	Estravís and Russell 1992	3 elements
	SV2-15, isolated, right M3. Referred: SV3-234, right M3 and, more questionably, SV3-208, left M1 or M2

	Peratherium cf. constans Teilhard de Jardin 1927
see common names

Geography

Country:	Portugal	State/province:	Região Centro	County:	Baixo Mondego
Coordinates:	40.0° North, 8.8° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	35.6° North, 10.0° West
Basis of coordinate:	based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:	outcrop

Time

Period:	Paleogene	Epoch:	Eocene
Stage:	Ypresian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 2
Key time interval:	Early/Lower Eocene	Mammal zone:	MP 7
Age range of interval:	56.00000 - 47.80000 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Silveirinha	Member:	Rio Mondego
Stratigraphic resolution:	group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: The exact stratigraphic position of the Silveirinha locality is not fully constrained. It is generally regarded as either latest Paleocene and/or earliest Eocene. Most authors prefer assignment to the Early Eocene (MN7), based on mammal biostratigraphy (see e.g. Pais et al., 2012, Paleogene and Neogene of Western Iberia. Springer). (TL)

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	lenticular calcareous conglomerate
Secondary lithology:	muddy,sandy "siliciclastic"
Includes fossils?	Y
Lithology description: The Silveirinha Formation consists of fossiliferous lenticular calcitic conglomerates as well as laminated and cross bedded sands and brownish-red silts. (Pais et al., 2012)
Environment:	crevasse splay	Tectonic setting:	passive margin
Geology comments: The conglomerates are interpreted as crevasse-splay deposit (Antunes & Russel, 1981, C. R. Acad. Sc. Paris, Ser. II, 293, 1099-1102).

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils
Abundance in sediment:	abundant
Temporal resolution:	snapshot

Collection methods and comments

Reason for describing collection:

taxonomic analysis

Metadata

Also known as:	Silveirinha Pequena
Database number:	79200
Authorizer:	L. van den Hoek Ostende, P. Mannion, R. Butler, J. Alroy, J. Mueller, P. Holroyd	Enterer:	L. van den Hoek Ostende, P. Holroyd, J. Alroy, R. Butler, T. Liebrecht, P. Mannion
Modifier:	P. Mannion	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2008-02-27 14:42:04	Last modified:	2018-07-05 04:33:53
Access level:	the public	Released:	2008-02-27 14:42:04
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

26559.

C. Estravís. 2000. Nuevos mamíferos del Eoceno Inferior de Silveirinha (Baixo Mondego, Portugal). Coloquios de Paleontología 51:281-311 [L. van den Hoek Ostende/L. van den Hoek Ostende/P. Mannion]

Secondary references:

59392		M. T. Antunes. 2003. Lower Paleogene crocodilians from Silveirinha, Portugal. Palaeovertebrata 32(1):1-26 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
66245		M. Boivin, M. J. Orliac, M. Antunes Telles, M. Godinot, Y. Laurent, B. Marandat, D. Vidalenc and R. Tabuce. 2018. New material of Diacodexis (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the early Eocene of Southern Europe. Geobios 51(4):285-306 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
60626		C. Estravís. 1990. Russellmys denisae, un nouvel Apatémyidé (Mammalia) de Silveirinha, eocène inférieur du Portugal. Geobios 23(6):761-765 [R. Butler/R. Butler/P. Mannion]
61445		C. Estravís. 1996. Leptacodon nascimentoi n. sp., un nouveau Nyctitheriidae (Mammalia, Lipotyphla) de l'Eocène inférieur de Silveirinha (Baixo Mondego, Portugal). Palaeovertebrata 25(2-4):279-286 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
61447		C. Estravís and D. E. Russell. 1989. Decouverte d'un nouveau Diacodexis (Artiocactyla, Mammalia) dans l'Eocène inférieur de Silveirinha, Portugal. Palaeovertebrata 19(1):29-44 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
60628		C. Estravís and D. E. Russell. 1992. The presence of Taeniodonta (Mammalia) in the Early Eocene of Europe. Ciencias da Terra 11:191-201 [R. Butler/R. Butler/P. Mannion]
60627		C. J. O. Harrison. 1983. A new wader, Recurvirostridae (Charadriiformes), from the early eocene of Portugal. Ciencias da Terra 7:9-16 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
58692		F. Lapparent de Broin. 2003. Neochelys sp. (Chelonii, Erymnochelyinae), from Silveirinha, early Eocene, Portugal. Ciencias da Terra (UNL) 15:117-132 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
43269		J. C. Rage and M. Augé. 2003. Amphibians and squamate reptiles from the lower Eocene of Silveirinha (Portugal). Ciências da Terra 15:103-116 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht]
60625		R. Tabuce, M. T. Antunes, and B. Sige. 2009. A new primitive bat from the earliest Eocene of Europe. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(2):627-630 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
35900		R. Tabuce, J. Clavel, and M. T. Antunes. 2011. A structural intermediate between triisodontids and mesonychians (Mammalia, Acreodi) from the earliest Eocene of Portugal. Naturwissenschaften 98:145-155 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]