SAL 4: Late/Upper Pleistocene, South Africa

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Donex serra
Afrocominella capensis
Cinysca granulosa
Thecostraca - Balanomorpha - Balanidae
Balanus maxillaris
Balanus sp. Da Costa 1778
Malacostraca - Decapoda - Geryonidae
Ovalipes punctata
Malacostraca - Decapoda - Callianassidae
Callianassa kraussi Stebbing 1985
Gastropoda - Epitoniidae
Epitonium kraussi
Gastropoda - Turritellidae
Turritella carinifera Deshayes 1824
recombined as Turritella (Torquesia) carinifera
Protomella capensis
Gastropoda - Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
Calyptraea chinensis (Linnaeus 1758)
Crepidula capensis
25.1 %-specimens
Crepidula capensis praerugulosa
Crepidula porcellana
8.7 %-specimens
Crepidula rugulosa
Gastropoda - Vermetidae
Vermetus sp. Daudin 1800
Gastropoda - Ranellidae
Argobuccinum pustulosum (Solander and Lightfoot 1786)
Cymatium cutaceum (Lamarck 1816)
synonym of Linatella caudata
Cymatium cutaceum africanum
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Volvarina capensis
Marginella rosea
Marginella sp. Lamarck 1799
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Nucella cingulata
Nucella dubia
Nucella squamosa
3.8 %-specimens
Ocenebra scrobiculata
Pteropurpura uninaria
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Nassariidae
Nassarius capensis
Nassarius kraussianus
Nassarius speciosus
3.9 %-specimens
Bullia laevissima (Gmelin 1791)
8.4 %-specimens
Bullia annulata (Lamarck 1816)
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Burnupena cincta
Burnupena lagenaria
Burnupena papyracea
Bullia digitalis (Dillwyn 1817)
5.5 %-specimens
original and current combination Buccinum digitale
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Mangeliidae
Cythara amplexa
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Turridae
Pseudoraphitoma alfredi
original and current combination Clathurella (Pseudorhaphitoma)
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Clavatulidae
Clionella confusa
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Conidae
Conus mozambicus
Gastropoda - Capulidae
Lippistes cornu
Gastropoda - Naticidae
Natica saldontiana
Natica tecta
Gastropoda - Assimineidae
Assiminea globulus
Gastropoda - Rissoidae
Rissoa capensis
2.9 %-specimens
Gastropoda - Littorinidae
Littorina knysnaensis
Gastropoda - Siphonariidae
Siphonaria sp. Sowerby 1824
Gastropoda - Turbinidae
Turbo sarmaticus Linnaeus 1758
Gastropoda - Trochidae
Gibbula capensis
Gibbula cicer
Oxystele variegata
Oxystele tigrina (Anton 1839)
Gastropoda - Phasianellidae
Tricolia capensis
4.8 %-specimens
Tricolia neritina (Dunker 1846)
Gastropoda - Lepetellida - Fissurellidae
Amblychilepas scutellum (Gmelin 1791)
Fissurella mutabilis
Gastropoda - Opisthobranchia - Retusidae
Retusa truncatula (Bruguiere 1792)
Gastropoda - Patellidae
Patella barbara Linnaeus 1758
recombined as Scutellastra barbara
Patella argenvillei
Patella miniata
Patella granatina Linnaeus 1758
Gastropoda - Patellida - Acmaeidae
Helcion dunkeri d'Orbigny 1847
recombined as Scurriopsis dunkeri
Bivalvia - Nuculanida - Nuculanidae
Nuculana bisupidata
Bivalvia - Mytilida - Mytilidae
Choromytilus meridionalis (Krauss 1848)
5.1 %-specimens
Aulacomya ater (Molina 1782)
recombined as Aulacomya atra
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostrea algoensis
Bivalvia - Lucinida - Lucinidae
Loripes liratula (Sowerby 1889)
original and current combination Lucina liratula
Bivalvia - Pholadida - Pholadidae
Barnea truncata (Say 1822)
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Montacutidae
Tellimya trigona
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Erycinidae
Melliteryx mactroides
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Mactridae
Scissodesma spengleri
Mactra glabrata
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Veneridae
Venerupis corrugata
2.8 %-specimens
Tivela compressa
Petricola bicolor
Dosinia lupinus (Linnaeus 1758)
recombined as Dosinia lupina
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae
Parvicardium turtoni
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Tellinidae
Tellina trilatera
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Semelidae
Theora ovalis
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Psammobiidae
Psammotellina capensis
Bivalvia - Solenida - Solenidae
Solen capensis
Chondrichthyes - Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Odontaspis acutissima (Agassiz 1843)
recombined as Carcharias acutissimus
Echinoidea
cf. Parechinus angulosus (Leske 1778)
see common names

Geography
Country:South Africa State/province:Western Cape
Coordinates: 33.9° South, 18.5° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:33.9° South, 18.4° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
Stage:Late/Upper Pleistocene 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Late/Upper Pleistocene
Age range of interval:0.12900 - 0.01170 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Bredasdorp Member:Velddrif Shelly Sand
Stratigraphic resolution:formation
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:coarse,shelly/skeletal lithified calcareous sandstone
Lithology description: Course sand grains and shell debris with some angular rounded pebbles and few scattered pieces of calcrete
Environment:interdistributary bay
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection method comments: One cubic meter of was collected and washed in water to seperate the fossils
Taxonomic list comments:"Ten major components of the Milnerton beach deposit, as % of the total number of specimens", are listed with the taxonomic list.
Metadata
Database number:110492
Authorizer:J. Sessa Enterer:L. Eccles
Modifier:L. Eccles Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2011-06-09 10:10:19 Last modified:2011-10-11 15:38:22
Access level:the public Released:2011-06-09 10:10:19
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
38084. B. Kensley. 1985. The Faunal Deposits of a Late Pleistocene Raised Beach at Milnerton, Cape Province, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 95(2):111-122 [J. Sessa/L. Eccles/L. Eccles]