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Velociraptor

Reptilia - Dromaeosauridae

Taxonomy
Velociraptor was named by Osborn (1924). It was considered monophyletic by Currie (2000).

It was assigned to Megalosaurinidae by Osborn (1924); to Ornithomimidae by Huene (1927); to Compsognathinae by Nopcsa (1928); to Coelurosauria by Kuhn (1939) and Huene (1958); to Compsognathidae by Huene (1959) and Tatarinov (1964); to Coeluridae by Romer (1956), Romer (1966), Steel (1970) and Bonaparte (1978); to Dromaeosaurinae by Gilmore (1933) and Paul (1988); to Dromaeosauridae by Colbert and Russell (1969), Ostrom (1969), Sues (1977), Sues (1977), Rozhdestvensky (1977), Sues (1978), Santafé et al. (1982), Thulborn (1984), Welles (1984), Buffetaut et al. (1986), Gauthier (1986), Carroll (1988), Dong (1992), Osmólska (1996), Padian (1997), Ryan (1997), Norell and Makovicky (1997), Sereno (1997), Le Loeuff and Buffetaut (1998), Norell and Makovicky (1999), Norell et al. (2000), Currie (2003), Rauhut (2003), Smith (2007), Turner et al. (2007), Godefroit et al. (2008), Norell et al. (2009), Ezcurra (2009), Benson and Barrett (2009), Longrich et al. (2010), Apesteguía et al. (2011), Porfiri et al. (2011), Prieto-Marquez et al. (2012), Pei et al. (2014), Hendrickx and Mateus (2014), Delcourt and Grillo (2014) and Gianechini et al. (2017); and to Velociraptorinae by Barsbold (1983), Currie (1992), Currie (1995), Chiappe et al. (1996), Currie (1997), Sereno (1998), Zinke (1998), Barsbold and Osmólska (1999), Currie (2000), Chiappe (2002), Senter et al. (2004), Norell and Makovicky (2004), Kiernan and Schwimmer (2004), Burnham et al. (2004), Longrich and Currie (2009), Chanthasit and Buffetaut (2009), Gianechini et al. (2011), Evans et al. (2013), Williamson and Brusatte (2014) and Jasinski et al. (2020).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1924Velociraptor Osborn pp. 1-3 figs. 1-2
1927Velociraptor Huene p. 272
1928Velociraptor Nopcsa p. 183
1933Velociraptor Gilmore p. 39
1939Velociraptor Kuhn p. 50
1956Velociraptor Romer p. 612
1958Velociraptor Huene p. 205
1959Velociraptor Huene p. 121
1964Velociraptor Tatarinov p. 531
1966Velociraptor Romer p. 369
1969Velociraptor Colbert and Russell p. 43
1969Velociraptor Ostrom p. 148
1970Velociraptor Steel p. 17
1977Velociraptor Rozhdestvensky p. 112
1977Velociraptor Sues
1978Velociraptor Bonaparte p. 466
1978Velociraptor Sues p. 399
1982Velociraptor Santafé et al. p. 82
1983Velociraptor Barsbold p. 90
1984Velociraptor Thulborn p. 132
1984Velociraptor Welles p. 177
1986Velociraptor Buffetaut et al. p. 1395
1986Velociraptor Gauthier p. 11
1988Velociraptor Carroll
1988Velociraptor Paul p. 362
1992Velociraptor Currie p. 241
1992Velociraptor Dong p. 164
1995Velociraptor Currie
1996Velociraptor Chiappe et al. p. 559
1996Velociraptor Osmólska p. 27
1997Velociraptor Currie p. 194
1997Velociraptor Norell and Makovicky p. 3
1997Velociraptor Padian p. 532
1997Velociraptor Ryan p. 443
1997Velociraptor Sereno p. 458
1998Velociraptor Le Loeuff and Buffetaut p. 110
1998Velociraptor Sereno p. 65
1998Velociraptor Zinke p. 183
1999Velociraptor Barsbold and Osmólska p. 190
1999Velociraptor Norell and Makovicky p. 1
2000Velociraptor Currie p. 436
2000Velociraptor Norell et al. p. 9
2002Velociraptor Chiappe p. 460
2003Velociraptor Currie p. 56
2003Velociraptor Rauhut p. 37
2004Velociraptor Burnham et al. p. 42A
2004Velociraptor Kiernan and Schwimmer p. 89
2004Velociraptor Norell and Makovicky p. 199
2004Velociraptor Senter et al. p. 7
2007Velociraptor Smith p. 104
2007Velociraptor Turner et al. pp. 9-10 fig. 5
2008Velociraptor Godefroit et al. p. 433
2009Velociraptor Benson and Barrett p. 142
2009Velociraptor Chanthasit and Buffetaut p. 147
2009Velociraptor Ezcurra p. 1342
2009Velociraptor Longrich and Currie fig. 3
2009Velociraptor Norell et al. p. 11
2010Velociraptor Longrich et al. p. 955
2011Velociraptor Apesteguía et al. p. 665
2011Velociraptor Gianechini et al. p. 284
2011Velociraptor Porfiri et al. p. 113
2012Velociraptor Prieto-Marquez et al. p. 122
2013Velociraptor Evans et al. fig. 3
2014Velociraptor Delcourt and Grillo p. 312
2014Velociraptor Hendrickx and Mateus
2014Velociraptor Pei et al.
2014Velociraptor Williamson and Brusatte p. 10
2017Velociraptor Gianechini et al. p. 9
2020Velociraptor Jasinski et al. p. 6 fig. 3

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
RankNameAuthor
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Theropoda()
Tetanurae
Coelurosauria()
Maniraptora
Paraves
infraorderDeinonychosauria
familyDromaeosauridae
Eudromaeosauria
subfamilyVelociraptorinaeBarsbold 1983
genusVelociraptor

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Velociraptor Osborn 1924
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Velociraptor osmolskae Godefroit et al. 2008
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean
femur diameter116.7
tibiotarsus diameter116.3

Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Maximum body mass: 100 kgg
Minimum body mass: 30 kgg
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: terrestrialf
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoref
Reproduction: oviparousf
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2005-08-24 13:21:36
Modified: 2005-08-24 15:21:36
Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order
References: Holtz et al. 2000, Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875

Age range: base of the Coniacian to the top of the Campanian or 89.80000 to 72.10000 Ma

Collections (17 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0China (Shanxi) V. mongoliensis (71840)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6Tajikistan (Asht) V. mongoliensis (53132)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Mongolia (Omnogov) Dromaeosauridae indet. (62927) V. sp. (168986)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Mongolia (Omngov) V. mongoliensis (62928)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1China (Nei Mongol) V. osmolskae (83719)
Campanian - Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0China (Nei Mongol) V. mongoliense (50729)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Mongolia (Omnogov Aimak) V. sp., V. mongoliensis (37184)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Mongolia (Omnogov) Ovoraptor djadochtari (46152) V. mongoliensis (22685 51033) V. sp. (55256 127668 127678)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Alberta) V. sp. (22657)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Mongolia (Dornogov) V. sp. (65327)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Mongolia (Omnogov) V. sp. (11582)