PBDB Collection

Lang. E Quarry-PPM bed 3as (Pliocene of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 1045, "E Quarry, PPM bed 3aS",

Where: South Africa (33.0° S, 18.2° E: paleocoordinates 33.1° S, 17.7° E)

When: PPM Member (Varswater Formation), Zanclean (5.3 - 3.6 Ma)

• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: Dating by correlation of flora with/radiomet dated sites. bed aS: ETE age Pliocene; age after Hendey 1981

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: "channel"; sandstone

• ETE sed env 1: fluvial, ETE sed env 2: channel ETE event: ., ETE env comment: river channel and bank seds

• ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: quartz sand grading up into phosphatic sand

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: bulk, quarrying, surface (in situ)

• ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 632, ; ETE museum list: MNHN: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France

Primary reference: G. G. Simpson. 1979. A new genus of late Tertiary penguin from Langebaanweg, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 78(1):1-9 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 22222: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 04.06.1999, edited by John Damuth and Hannah O'Regan

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Chondrichthyes
Squatiniformes - Squatinidae	Squatina sp. Squatina sp. Dumeril 1806 angel shark
Gnathostomata
-	Osteichthyes indet. Osteichthyes indet. bony fish ETE occurrence; species: Osteichthyes
Reptilia
-	Reptilia indet. Reptilia indet. Laurenti 1768 reptile ETE occurrence; species: Squamata
Aves
-	Aves indet. Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE occurrence; species: Aves
Pelecaniformes - Threskiornithidae	Geronticus apelex Geronticus apelex bald ibis
Sphenisciformes - Spheniscidae	Inguza predemersus, Dege hendeyi Inguza predemersus Simpson 1971 penguin Dege hendeyi Simpson 1979 penguin
Procellariiformes - Oceanitidae	Oceanites zaloscarthmus Oceanites zaloscarthmus Olson 1985 bird
Procellariiformes - Procellariidae	Pachyptila sp., Pachyptila salax Pachyptila sp. Illiger 1811 prion Pachyptila salax Olson 1985 prion
Caprimulgiformes - Apodidae	Apodidae indet. Apodidae indet. Hartert 1897 swift ETE occurrence; species: Apodidae
Struthioniformes - Struthionidae	Struthio sp. Struthio sp. Linnaeus 1758 ostrich originally entered as "Strutio sp."
Reptilia
Galliformes - Phasianidae	Phasianidae indet. Phasianidae indet. Horsfield 1821 pheasant ETE occurrence; species: Phasianidae
Testudines - Testudinidae	Chersina sp. Chersina sp. Gray 1831 turtle
Squamata - Chamaeleonidae	Chameleontidae indet. Chameleontidae indet. Gray 1825 chameleon ETE occurrence; species: Chameleontidae
Ophidia -	Ophidia indet. Ophidia indet. snake ETE occurrence; species: Ophidia
Squamata - Gekkonidae	Gekkonidae indet. Gekkonidae indet. Gray 1825 gecko ETE occurrence; species: Gekkonidae
Mammalia
-	Mammalia indet. Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal ETE occurrence; species: Cetacea
Tribosphenida - Chrysochloridae	Chrysochloris sp. Chrysochloris sp. Lacépède 1799 Cape golden mole
Macroscelidea - Macroscelididae	Elephantulus sp. Elephantulus sp. Thomas and Schwann 1906 elephant shrew
Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae	Anancus sp. Anancus sp. Aymard 1855 gomphothere
Proboscidea - Elephantidae	Mammuthus subplanifrons Mammuthus subplanifrons mammoth
Lagomorpha - Leporidae	Pronolagus sp. Pronolagus sp. Lyon 1904 rabbit originally entered as "Pronalagus sp."
Placentalia -	Rodentia indet. Rodentia indet. Bowdich 1821 rodent ETE occurrence; species: Rodentia
Rodentia - Muridae	"Aethomys adamanticola" = Epimys (Aethomys), "Aethomys modernis" = Epimys (Aethomys) "Aethomys adamanticola" = Epimys (Aethomys) rock rat "Aethomys modernis" = Epimys (Aethomys) rock rat
Rodentia - Bathyergidae	Bathyergus sp. Bathyergus sp. Illiger 1811 dune mole rat
Rodentia - Hystricidae	Hystricidae indet. Hystricidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 porcupine ETE occurrence; species: Hystricidae
Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae	Ceratotherium praecox Ceratotherium praecox white rhino
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Hipparion cf. baardi Hipparion cf. baardi hipparionine horse
Artiodactyla - Giraffidae	Sivatherium hendeyi, Giraffa sp. Sivatherium hendeyi Harris 1976 giraffe Giraffa sp. Brisson 1762 giraffe
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Tragelaphus sp., "Simatherium demissum" = Ugandax demissum, Kobus subdolus, Gazella sp., Raphicerus paralius, cf. Damalacra sp., Damalacra acalla, Damalacra neanica, Damalacra cf. neanica, Ovibovini indet., cf. Ovibovini indet., Mesembriportax acrae Tragelaphus sp. de Blainville 1816 antelope "Simatherium demissum" = Ugandax demissum Gentry 1980 antelope Kobus subdolus Gentry 1980 antelope Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816 gazelle ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: .; Double entry removed abundance could be 7 Raphicerus paralius Gentry 1980 antelope originally entered as "Parhicerus paralius" cf. Damalacra sp. Gentry 1980 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: .; Double entry removed abundance could be 6 Damalacra acalla Gentry 1980 antelope Damalacra neanica Gentry 1980 antelope Damalacra cf. neanica Gentry 1980 antelope Ovibovini indet. antelope ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Ovibovini cf. Ovibovini indet. antelope ETE minimum number of individuals; species: cf. Ovibovini Mesembriportax acrae Gentry 1974 antelope
Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae	Pecarichoerus africanus Pecarichoerus africanus Hendy 1976 peccary
Artiodactyla - Suidae	Nyanzachoerus cf. jaegeri Nyanzachoerus cf. jaegeri Coppens 1971 pig
Artiodactyla - Hippopotamidae	Hippopotamidae indet. Hippopotamidae indet. Gray 1821 hippopotamus ETE occurrence; species: Hippopotamidae
Carnivora - Ursidae	Agriotherium africanum Agriotherium africanum Hendey 1972 bear
Carnivora - Phocidae	Homiphoca capensis Homiphoca capensis Hendey and Repenning 1972 seal
Carnivora - Mustelidae	Mellivora benfeldi, Plesiogulo monplessulanus, Enhydriodon africanus Mellivora benfeldi ratel Plesiogulo monplessulanus mustelid carnivore Enhydriodon africanus Stromer 1931 otter originally entered as "Enhydrion africanus"
Carnivora - Hyaenidae	Hyaenidae indet., Hyaenidae indet., Chasmaporthetes sp., Ictitherium preforfex, Adcrocuta australis Hyaenidae indet. Gray 1821 hyaena ETE occurrence; species: Hyaenidae Hyaenidae indet. Gray 1821 hyaena ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hyaenidae sp. E Chasmaporthetes sp. Hay 1921 hyaena Ictitherium preforfex hyaena Adcrocuta australis hyaena
Carnivora - Herpestidae	"Herpestinae indet." = Herpestidae, Herpestes sp. "Herpestinae indet." = Herpestidae Bonaparte 1845 mongoose ETE occurrence; species: Herpestinae Herpestes sp. Illliger 1811 mongoose
Carnivora - Viverridae	aff. Pseudocivetta sp. aff. Pseudocivetta sp. Petter 1963 civet ETE occurrence; species: Viverrinae aff. Pseudocivetta
Carnivora - Felidae	Felidae indet., "Felis issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis, Homotherium sp., "Felis obscura" = Yoshi obscura, Dinofelis diastemata Felidae indet. Gray 1821 cat ETE occurrence; species: Felidae "Felis issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis Croizet and Jobert 1828 lynx Homotherium sp. Fabrini 1890 cat "Felis obscura" = Yoshi obscura Hendey 1974 cat Dinofelis diastemata Astre 1929 cat originally entered as "Dinofelis diastema"
Carnivora - Canidae	Canidae indet., Vulpes sp. Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid ETE occurrence; species: aff. Canis Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775 fox
Soricomorpha - Soricidae	Soricidae indet. Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814 shrew ETE occurrence; species: Soricidae
Amphibia
-	Amphibia indet. Amphibia indet. Linnaeus 1758 tetrapod ETE occurrence; species: Anura
Actinopteri
Siluriformes - Ariidae	cf. Tachysurus sp. cf. Tachysurus sp. Lacepede 1804 Ariid catfish