San Pedro Bluffs - Lower San Pedro Series [San Pedro Sand] (Pleistocene of the United States)

Where: Los Angeles County, California (33.7° N, 118.3° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: San Pedro Sand Formation, Middle Pleistocene (0.8 - 0.1 Ma)

• LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY: From the lower part of the San Pedro Series [=San Pedro Sand]: AGE: Middle Pleistocene (~0.3 Ma) based on current understanding of the San Pedro Sand. STRATIGRAPHIC RESOLUTION: List is exhaustive of the San Pedro Sand in a relatively small geographic area, so given stratigraphic resolution of formation.

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: coastal; unlithified, shelly/skeletal sandstone

• ENVIRONMENT: Not stated, but based on current understanding of the units likely collected the list represents nearshore through inner shelf, siliciclastic depositional settings.
• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Unknown, but based on likely collecting localities would have likely comprise sand and possibly conglomerate. LITHIFICATION: Unknown, but based on likely collecting localities would have been unlithified.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils, microfossils

Preservation: original aragonite, original calcite

Collected by R. Arnold; reposited in the CAS

• COLLECTOR: Multiple collectors including R. Arnold, M. Williamson, and others. REPOSITORY: Multiple repositories including CAS and LACMIP.

Primary reference: R. Arnold. 1903. The Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Marine Pliocene and Pleistocene of San Pedro, California. Contributions to Biology from The Hopkins Seaside Laboratory 31 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 222664: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 11.10.2021, edited by Bethany Allen

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

• TAXONOMIC COVERAGE: Exhaustive for known taxa from this locality and stratigraphic unit. NOMENCLATURE: Antiquated, but resolved to species resolution.
Bivalvia
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
Gastropoda
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
unclassified
  -
Gastropoda
 Heterostropha - Pyramidellidae
Echinoidea
 Clypeasteroida - Dendrasteridae
"Echinarachnius excentricus" = Dendraster excentricus
"Echinarachnius excentricus" = Dendraster excentricus Eschscholz 1826 sand dollar
Bivalvia
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
"Nucula (Acila) castrensis" = Acila (Truncacila) castrensis, "Nucula suprastriata" = Nucula (Lamellinucula) exigua
"Nucula (Acila) castrensis" = Acila (Truncacila) castrensis Hinds 1843 divaricate nutclam
"Nucula suprastriata" = Nucula (Lamellinucula) exigua Sowerby 1833 nut clam
 Nuculanida - Nuculanidae
"Leda minuta praecursor" = Nuculana (Nuculana) minuta, "Leda taphria" = Saccella taphria
"Leda minuta praecursor" = Nuculana (Nuculana) minuta Müller 1776 pointed nut clam
"Leda taphria" = Saccella taphria Dall 1896 pointed nut clam
 Carditida - Carditidae
"Lazaria subquadrata" = Glans carpenteri
"Lazaria subquadrata" = Glans carpenteri Lamy 1922 clam
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
"Lucina californica" = Epilucina californica, "Lucina nuttalli" = Lucinisca nuttalli, Lucinoma annulatum2
"Lucina californica" = Epilucina californica Conrad 1837 clam
"Lucina nuttalli" = Lucinisca nuttalli Conrad 1837 clam
Lucinoma annulatum2 Reeve 1850 clam
 Pandorida - Lyonsiidae
Mytilimeria nuttalli Conrad 1837 clam
Lyonsia californica Conrad 1837 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
"Corbula luteola" = Caryocorbula luteola
"Corbula luteola" = Caryocorbula luteola Carpenter 1864 clam
 Pholadida - Myidae
Cryptomya californica Conrad 1837 softshell clam
 Cardiida - Lasaeidae
"Kellia suborbicularis" = Kellia suborbicularis, "Kellia laperousii" = Kellia suborbicularis
"Kellia suborbicularis" = Kellia suborbicularis Montague 1803 kelly clam
"Kellia laperousii" = Kellia suborbicularis Montague 1803 kelly clam
 Cardiida - Neoleptonidae
"Psephis salmonea" = Neolepton (Stohleria) salmonea
"Psephis salmonea" = Neolepton (Stohleria) salmonea Carpenter 1864 clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
Laevicardium substriatum Conrad 1837 cockle
 Cardiida - Donacidae
"Donax californica" = Donax (Paradonax) californicus, "Donax laevigata" = Donax (Donax) gouldii
"Donax californica" = Donax (Paradonax) californicus Conrad 1837 clam
"Donax laevigata" = Donax (Donax) gouldii Dall 1921 clam
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
"Macoma inquinata" = Macoma (Macoma) inquinata, "Macoma secta" = Rexithaerus secta, "Tellina bodegensis" = Megangulus bodegensis, "Angulus buttoni" = Tellina (Angulus) buttoni
"Macoma inquinata" = Macoma (Macoma) inquinata Deshayes 1855 tellin clam
"Macoma secta" = Rexithaerus secta Conrad 1837 tellin clam
"Tellina bodegensis" = Megangulus bodegensis Hinds 1844 tellin clam
"Angulus buttoni" = Tellina (Angulus) buttoni Dall 1900 tellin clam
 Cardiida - Semelidae
Cumingia californica Conrad 1837 clam
"Semele decisa" = Semele (Semele) decisa Conrad 1837 clam
 Cardiida - Veneridae
"Tapes staminea" = Leukoma staminea, "Psephis tantilla" = Nutricola tantilla
"Tapes staminea" = Leukoma staminea Conrad 1837 venus clam
"Psephis tantilla" = Nutricola tantilla Gould 1853 venus clam
 Cardiida - Mactridae
"Mactra (Spisula) falcata" = Simomactra falcata
"Mactra (Spisula) falcata" = Simomactra falcata Gould 1850 clam
 Solenida - Pharidae
Siliqua lucida Conrad 1837 clam
 Solenida - Solenidae
Solen sicarius, "Solen rosaceus" = Solen rostriformis
Solen sicarius Gould 1850 clam
"Solen rosaceus" = Solen rostriformis Dunker 1862 clam
 Pectinida - Anomiidae
"Anomia lampe" = Anomia peruviana
"Anomia lampe" = Anomia peruviana d'Orbigny 1846 jingle
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
"Pecten latiauratus monotimeris" = Leptopecten latiauratus, "Hinnites giganteus" = Crassadoma gigantea
"Pecten latiauratus monotimeris" = Leptopecten latiauratus Conrad 1837 scallop
"Hinnites giganteus" = Crassadoma gigantea Gray 1825 scallop
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostrea conchaphila Carpenter 1857 oyster
Gastropoda
  - Neptuneidae
"Chrysodomus tabulatus" = Neptunea (Sulcosipho) tabulata
"Chrysodomus tabulatus" = Neptunea (Sulcosipho) tabulata Baird 1863 snail
 Opisthobranchiata - Cylichnidae
"Tornatina culcitella" = Acteocina culcitella, "Tornatina cerealis" = Acteocina cerealis, "Tornatina harpa" = Acteocina harpa
"Tornatina culcitella" = Acteocina culcitella Gould 1853 barrel-bubble
"Tornatina cerealis" = Acteocina cerealis Gould 1853 barrel-bubble
"Tornatina harpa" = Acteocina harpa Dall 1871 barrel-bubble
 Trochoidea - Phasianellidae
"Phasianella compta" = Eulithidium comptum
"Phasianella compta" = Eulithidium comptum Gould 1855 snail
 Trochoidea - Turbinidae
"Pachypoma inaequale" = Pomaulax gibberosa, "Leptothyra carpenteri" = Homalopoma (Homalopoma) luridum
"Pachypoma inaequale" = Pomaulax gibberosa Dillwyn 1817 red turban
"Leptothyra carpenteri" = Homalopoma (Homalopoma) luridum Dall 1885 snail
 Trochoidea - Tegulidae
Agathistoma eiseni2 Jordan 1936 snail
 Trochoidea - Trochidae
"Margarita obtabilis nodosus" = Trochus (Margarita) top snail
Calliostoma canaliculatum Lightfoot 1786 top snail
"Calliostoma costatum" = Calliostoma ligatum Gould 1849 top snail
Calliostoma tricolor Gabb 1865 top snail
Lirularia knechti2 Arnold 1903 top snail
Lirularia pedroana2 Arnold 1903 top snail
Chlorostoma funebrale subapertum Carpenter 1864 top snail
 Lepetellida - Fissurellidae
"Clypidella callomarginata" = Lucapinella callomarginata, "Fissuridea volcano" = Fissurella volcano, "Fissuridea aspera" = Diodora aspera, "Clypidella bimaculata" = Fissurellidea bimaculata
"Clypidella callomarginata" = Lucapinella callomarginata Dall 1872 snail
"Fissuridea volcano" = Fissurella volcano Reeve 1849 snail
"Fissuridea aspera" = Diodora aspera Rathke 1833 snail
"Clypidella bimaculata" = Fissurellidea bimaculata Dall 1871 snail
 Patellida - Lottiidae
"Acmaea insessa" = Lottia insessa
"Acmaea insessa" = Lottia insessa Hinds 1842 limpet
 Heterostropha - Acteonidae
"Actaeon (Rictaxis) punctocoelata" = Rictaxis punctocaelatus
"Actaeon (Rictaxis) punctocoelata" = Rictaxis punctocaelatus Carpenter 1864 snail
 Heterostropha - Physidae
 Heterostropha - Planorbidae
Planorbis tumidus, "Planorbis vermicularis" = Gyraulus vermicularis
"Planorbis vermicularis" = Gyraulus vermicularis Stoliczka 1862 snail
 Heterostropha - Pyramidellidae
"Turbonilla lowei" = Pyrgolampros lowei, "Turbonilla tridentata" = Paramormula tridentata, "Turbonilla aurantia" = Chemnitzia tridentata aurantia, Brachystomia gravida2, Turbonilla sp.2, Turbonilla sp.2, "Turbonilla latifundia" = Pyrgiscus latifundius, "Turbonilla laminata" = Pyrgiscus laminatus, "Turbonilla tenuicula" = Pyrgiscus tenuiculus, "Turbonilla crebrifilata" = Pyrgiscus tenuiculus, "Turbonilla subcuspidata" = Pyrgiscus tenuiculus, Turbonilla stearnsii, "Odostomia gouldii" = Aartsenia gouldi, "Isapis fenestrata" = Iselica ovoidea
"Turbonilla lowei" = Pyrgolampros lowei Dall and Bartsch 1903 snail
"Turbonilla tridentata" = Paramormula tridentata Carpenter 1865 snail
"Turbonilla aurantia" = Chemnitzia tridentata aurantia Carpenter 1863 snail
Brachystomia gravida2 Gould 1853 snail
Turbonilla sp.2 Risso 1826 snail
Turbonilla sp.2 Risso 1826 snail
"Turbonilla latifundia" = Pyrgiscus latifundius Dall and Bartsch 1903 snail
"Turbonilla laminata" = Pyrgiscus laminatus Carpenter 1864 snail
"Turbonilla tenuicula" = Pyrgiscus tenuiculus Gould 1853 snail
"Turbonilla crebrifilata" = Pyrgiscus tenuiculus Gould 1853 snail
"Turbonilla subcuspidata" = Pyrgiscus tenuiculus Gould 1853 snail
Turbonilla stearnsii Dall and Bartsch 1903 snail
"Odostomia gouldii" = Aartsenia gouldi Carpenter 1865 snail
"Isapis fenestrata" = Iselica ovoidea Gould 1853 snail
 Heterostropha - Ellobiidae
Melampus olivaceus Carpenter 1857 snail
 Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
Bostrycapulus decorus2, "Galerus mammillaris" = Calyptraea mamillaris
Bostrycapulus decorus2 Collin 2019 slipper shell
"Galerus mammillaris" = Calyptraea mamillaris Broderip 1834 slipper shell
 Vanikoroidea - Eulimidae
"Melanella (Melanella) micans" = Balcis micans1
"Melanella (Melanella) micans" = Balcis micans1 Carpenter 1864 snail
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
"Hirtoscala sp." = Epitonium (Hirtoscala)2, "Scala tincta" = Hirtoscala tincta, "Scala indianorum" = Hirtoscala indianorum, "Scala hindsii" = Hirtoscala hindsii
"Hirtoscala sp." = Epitonium (Hirtoscala)2 Monterosato 1890 wentletrap
"Scala tincta" = Hirtoscala tincta Carpenter 1864 wentletrap
"Scala indianorum" = Hirtoscala indianorum Carpenter 1864 wentletrap
"Scala hindsii" = Hirtoscala hindsii Carpenter 1856 wentletrap
 Pseudomelanoidea - Pseudomelaniidae
"Pleurotoma perversa" = Spirotropis (Antiplanes) perversa
"Pleurotoma perversa" = Spirotropis (Antiplanes) perversa Gabb 1865 snail
 Cerithioidea - Potamididae
"Cerithidea californica" = Cerithideopsis californica
"Cerithidea californica" = Cerithideopsis californica Haldeman 1840 horn snail
 Cerithioidea - Cerithiidae
"Bittium filosum" = Neostylidium eschrichtii
"Bittium filosum" = Neostylidium eschrichtii Middendorff 1849 cerith snail
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
Turritella cooperi Carpenter 1864 turret shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Procerithiidae
"Bittium rugatum" = Lirobittium rugatum, "Bittium quadrifilatum" = Lirobittium quadrifilatum
"Bittium rugatum" = Lirobittium rugatum Carpenter 1866 snail
"Bittium quadrifilatum" = Lirobittium quadrifilatum Carpenter 1863 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
"Neverita recluziana" = Glossaulax reclusiana
"Neverita recluziana" = Glossaulax reclusiana Deshayes 1839 moon snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Vermetidae
"Serpulorbis squamigerus" = Thylacodes squamigerus
"Serpulorbis squamigerus" = Thylacodes squamigerus Carpenter 1857 worm shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Littorinidae
"Lacuna porrecta" = Lacuna (Epheria) porrecta, "Littorina planaxis" = Littorina (Neritrema) keenae, "Littorina scutulata" = Littorina (Littorina) scutulata
"Lacuna porrecta" = Lacuna (Epheria) porrecta Carpenter 1864 periwinkle
"Littorina planaxis" = Littorina (Neritrema) keenae Rosewater 1978 periwinkle
"Littorina scutulata" = Littorina (Littorina) scutulata Gould 1849 periwinkle
 Neogastropoda - Olividae
Olivella intorta, "Olivella pedroana" = Callianax pedroana, "Olivella biplicata" = Callianax biplicata
Olivella intorta Carpenter 1856 olive snail
"Olivella pedroana" = Callianax pedroana Conrad 1855 olive snail
"Olivella biplicata" = Callianax biplicata Sowerby 1825 olive snail
 Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
"Ocinebra poulsoni" = Roperia poulsoni
"Ocinebra poulsoni" = Roperia poulsoni Carpenter 1864 snail
 Neogastropoda - Columbellidae
"Columbella (Astyris) californiana" = Alia carinata, "Columbella (Astyris) gausapata carinata" = Mitrella gausapata, "Columbella (Astyris) tuberosa" = Mitrella tuberosa, "Columbella (Aesopus) chrysalloidea" = Aesopus chrysalloides
"Columbella (Astyris) californiana" = Alia carinata Hinds 1844 dovesnail
"Columbella (Astyris) gausapata carinata" = Mitrella gausapata Gould 1850 snail
"Columbella (Astyris) tuberosa" = Mitrella tuberosa Carpenter 1864 snail
"Columbella (Aesopus) chrysalloidea" = Aesopus chrysalloides Carpenter 1863 dovesnail
 Neogastropoda - Nassariidae
"Nassa tegula" = Phrontis tegula, "Nassa mendica cooperi" = Hima cooperi, "Nassa perpinguis" = Caesia perpinguis, "Nassa fossata" = Caesia fossatus
"Nassa tegula" = Phrontis tegula Reeve 1853 snail
"Nassa mendica cooperi" = Hima cooperi Forbes 1852 snail
"Nassa perpinguis" = Caesia perpinguis Hinds 1844 snail
"Nassa fossata" = Caesia fossatus Gould 1849 snail
 Neogastropoda - Mitridae
Mitra (Atrimitra) idae2 Melville 1893 mitre shell
 Neogastropoda - Clathurellidae
"Clathurella conradiana" = Crockerella conradiana
"Clathurella conradiana" = Crockerella conradiana Gabb 1866 snail
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
"Taranis strongi" = Decollidrillia strongi, "Drillia torosa" = Pseudomelatoma torosa, "Drillia hemphilli" = Globidrillia hemphilli
"Taranis strongi" = Decollidrillia strongi Arnold 1903 turrid
"Drillia torosa" = Pseudomelatoma torosa Gabb 1864 turrid
"Drillia hemphilli" = Globidrillia hemphilli Stearns 1873 turrid
 Neogastropoda - Conidae
"Conus californicus" = Californiconus californicus
"Conus californicus" = Californiconus californicus Reeve 1844 cone shell
 Neogastropoda - Mangeliidae
"Mangilia angulata" = Kurtziella hecetae
"Mangilia angulata" = Kurtziella hecetae Dall and Bartsch 1910 snail
 Neogastropoda - Terebridae
"Terebra (Acus) simplex" = Neoterebra danai
"Terebra (Acus) simplex" = Neoterebra danai Berry 1958 auger snail
 Neogastropoda - Cystiscidae
"Marginella jewettii" = Plesiocystiscus jewetti
"Marginella jewettii" = Plesiocystiscus jewetti Carpenter 1857 snail
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
"Monoceros engonatum" = Acanthinucella spirata, "Trophon (Boreotrophon) pedroanus" = Boreotrophon pedroana, "Ocinebra lurida cancellina" = Tritonalia lurida cancellina, "Ocinebra lurida aspera" = Tritonalia lurida aspera, "Ocinebra interfossa" = Paciocinebrina interfossa, Paciocinebrina circumtexta2, "Ocinebra barbarensis" = Paciocinebrina barbarensis
"Monoceros engonatum" = Acanthinucella spirata Blainville 1832 murex snail
"Trophon (Boreotrophon) pedroanus" = Boreotrophon pedroana Arnold 1903 murex snail
"Ocinebra lurida cancellina" = Tritonalia lurida cancellina Philippi 1845 murex snail
"Ocinebra lurida aspera" = Tritonalia lurida aspera Baird 1863 murex snail
"Ocinebra interfossa" = Paciocinebrina interfossa Carpenter 1864 murex snail
Paciocinebrina circumtexta2 Stearns 1871 murex snail
SUBSPECIES: Ocinerbina lurida cerritensis
"Ocinebra barbarensis" = Paciocinebrina barbarensis Gabb 1865 murex snail
 Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Volvarina taeniolata2 Mörch 1860 margin shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Hydrobiidae
Paludestrina stokesi Arnold 1903 snail
Paludestrina curta Arnold 1903 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Caecidae
Caecum crebricinctum Carpenter 1864 snail
Caecum crebricinctum2 Carpenter 1864 snail
Caecum californicum Dall 1885 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Hipponicidae
"Hipponyx cranioides" = Antisabia panamensis, "Hipponyx tumens" = Hipponix tumens
"Hipponyx cranioides" = Antisabia panamensis Adams 1852 hoof shell
"Hipponyx tumens" = Hipponix tumens Carpenter 1864 hoof shell
Scaphopoda
 Dentaliida - Dentaliidae
"Dentalium indianorum" = Antalis pretiosa, Dentalium neohexagonum2
"Dentalium indianorum" = Antalis pretiosa Nuttall in Sowerby 1860 tusk shell
Dentalium neohexagonum2 Sharp and Pilsbry 1897 tusk shell
Thecostraca
 Balanomorpha - Balanidae
"Balanus concavus" = Concavus concavus
"Balanus concavus" = Concavus concavus Bronn 1831 barnacle