Ferraz Shell Bed, Unit 4 (Permian to of Brazil)

Where: São Paulo, Brazil (22.3° S, 47.6° W: paleocoordinates 40.5° S, 17.6° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Corumbataí Formation (Passa Dois Group), Wordian to Wordian (266.9 - 254.2 Ma)

• Originally given "Kazanian - Tatarian?" age. Corumbataí Formation is equivalent to the Serra Alta and Teresina Fm, and contains bivalves assigned to pre-Rio do Rasto zones in the Paraná Basin bivalve biochronology. The Teresina Fm yielded a radiometric date of 267 +/- 17 Ma, with the overlying Serrinha Mb (Rio do Rasto Fm) yielding an age or 266.3 +/- 4.6 Ma (Rocha-Campos et al., 2019). Bivalves correlated to the lower Serrinha Member were associated with U/Pb ages of 265 +/- 2.5 Ma in Namibia (David et al., 2011). This suggests a Wordian or earlier age for the Corumbataí Fm. However, the lower part of the Corumbataí Fm itself yielded an ID-TIMS age of 257.5 +/- 2.2 Ma (Rocha-Campos et al., 2019), which would suggest the Corumbataí is actually Wuchiapingian.

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lacustrine - large; lithified, lenticular, shelly/skeletal, brown, green, sandy, calcareous siltstone and shelly/skeletal, cherty/siliceous grainstone

• In the area, the deposits consist of about 130 m of brown-red, violet, green or varicolored siltstone and shale, with subsidiary fine sandstone, bioclastic sandstone, limestone, and thin, commonly silicified, coquinas. The outcrop includes intensely silicified sandstone beds that represent scarce intercalations within a monotonous sequence dominated by violet siltstones with wave and lenticular bedding. 'Unit 4' varies, 6-10 cm thick. Intense silicification of matrix and bioclasts. Basal contact is gradual. Upper contact sharp and often undulating. Intraclasts are much less common that units 1 and 2. Bioclasts densely packed, complete valves dominate, predominantly disarticulated.

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: replaced with silica

Collection methods: bulk, chemical, mechanical,

Primary reference: M. G. Simoes and M. Kowalewski. 1998. Shell beds as paleoecological puzzles: a case study from the Upper Permian of the Parana Basin, Brazil. Facies 38:175-196 [J. Alroy/M. Sommers]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 10179: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Mike Sommers on 27.02.2001, edited by Matthew Clapham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Bivalvia
 Carditida - Astartidae
Pinzonella illusa Cowper Reed 1932 clam
Terraia aequilateralis Mendes 1952 clam
 Pholadomyida - Megadesmidae
Othonella araguaiana Mendes 1963 clam
Casterella gratiosa Mendes 1952 clam
Plesiocyprinella carinata Holdhaus 1918 clam
Roxoa corumbataiensis Mendes 1952 clam
Ferrazia cardinalis Cowper Reed 1932 clam
 Pholadomyida - Pachydomidae
Cowperesia anceps Reed 1935 clam