SAL 4 (Pleistocene of South Africa)

Where: Western Cape, South Africa (33.9° S, 18.5° E: paleocoordinates 33.9° S, 18.4° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Velddrif Shelly Sand Member (Bredasdorp Formation), Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: interdistributary bay; lithified, coarse-grained, shelly/skeletal, calcareous sandstone

• Course sand grains and shell debris with some angular rounded pebbles and few scattered pieces of calcrete

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: One cubic meter of was collected and washed in water to seperate the fossils

Primary reference: B. Kensley. 1985. The Faunal Deposits of a Late Pleistocene Raised Beach at Milnerton, Cape Province, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 95(2):111-122 [J. Sessa/L. Eccles/L. Eccles]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 110492: authorized by Jocelyn Sessa, entered by Laurie Eccles on 09.06.2011

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• "Ten major components of the Milnerton beach deposit, as % of the total number of specimens", are listed with the taxonomic list.
unclassified
  -
Thecostraca
 Balanomorpha - Balanidae
Balanus sp. Da Costa 1778 barnacle
Malacostraca
 Decapoda - Geryonidae
 Decapoda - Callianassidae
Callianassa kraussi Stebbing 1985 decapod
Gastropoda
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
"Turritella carinifera" = Turritella (Torquesia) carinifera Deshayes 1824 turret shell
Protomella capensis turret shell
 Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
Calyptraea chinensis Linnaeus 1758 slipper shell
Crepidula capensis slipper shell
Crepidula capensis praerugulosa
Crepidula porcellana slipper shell
Crepidula rugulosa slipper shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Vermetidae
Vermetus sp. Daudin 1800 worm shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Ranellidae
Argobuccinum pustulosum Solander and Lightfoot 1786 triton shell
"Cymatium cutaceum" = Linatella caudata Gmelin 1791 triton shell
Cymatium cutaceum africanum
 Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Volvarina capensis margin shell
Marginella rosea margin shell
Marginella sp. Lamarck 1799 margin shell
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Nucella cingulata murex snail
Nucella dubia murex snail
Nucella squamosa murex snail
 Neogastropoda - Nassariidae
Bullia laevissima Gmelin 1791 snail
Bullia annulata Lamarck 1816 snail
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Burnupena cincta true whelk
"Bullia digitalis" = Buccinum digitale Dillwyn 1817 true whelk
 Neogastropoda - Mangeliidae
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
 Neogastropoda - Clavatulidae
 Neogastropoda - Conidae
Conus mozambicus cone shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Capulidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
Natica tecta moon snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Assimineidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Rissoidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Littorinidae
 Basommatophora - Siphonariidae
Siphonaria sp. Sowerby 1824 pulmonate
 Trochoidea - Turbinidae
Turbo sarmaticus Linnaeus 1758 snail
 Trochoidea - Trochidae
Gibbula cicer top snail
Oxystele tigrina Anton 1839 top snail
 Trochoidea - Phasianellidae
Tricolia neritina Dunker 1846 snail
 Lepetellida - Fissurellidae
 Opisthobranchia - Retusidae
Retusa truncatula Bruguiere 1792 snail
 Patellogastropoda - Patellidae
"Patella barbara" = Scutellastra barbara Linnaeus 1758 limpet
Patella granatina Linnaeus 1758 limpet
 Patellida - Acmaeidae
"Helcion dunkeri" = Scurriopsis dunkeri
"Helcion dunkeri" = Scurriopsis dunkeri d'Orbigny 1847 limpet
Bivalvia
 Nuculanida - Nuculanidae
Nuculana bisupidata pointed nut clam
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
"Aulacomya ater" = Aulacomya atra Molina 1782 mussel
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
"Loripes liratula" = Lucina liratula
"Loripes liratula" = Lucina liratula Sowerby 1889 clam
 Pholadida - Pholadidae
Barnea truncata Say 1822 clam
 Cardiida - Montacutidae
 Cardiida - Erycinidae
 Cardiida - Mactridae
 Cardiida - Veneridae
Tivela compressa venus clam
Petricola bicolor venus clam
"Dosinia lupinus" = Dosinia lupina Linnaeus 1758 venus clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
Tellina trilatera tellin clam
 Cardiida - Semelidae
 Cardiida - Psammobiidae
 Solenida - Solenidae
Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
 Lamniformes - Carchariidae
"Odontaspis acutissima" = Carcharias acutissimus
"Odontaspis acutissima" = Carcharias acutissimus Agassiz 1843 sand shark
Echinoidea
  -
cf. Parechinus angulosus Leske 1778 sea urchin