Denmark Hill Insect Bed (Dunstan 1915-1916 collection) (Triassic of Australia)

Where: Queensland, Australia (27.6° S, 152.8° E: paleocoordinates 58.6° S, 101.0° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Blackstone Formation (Ipswich Coal Measures Group), Norian (228.0 - 208.5 Ma)

• Insect bed is about 50 feet above the Bluff coal seam and 50 feet below the Aberdare coal seam. Fossil bed is 15 cm thick. Purdy & Cranfield (2013) reported an unpublished SHRIMP date of 226±2 Ma for the Brisbane Tuff. Therefore, the Blackstone Formation may be considered younger than 226 Ma in absolute age. Thus, the Ipswich Coal Measures above the Brisbane Tuff, which is to say, the succession from the Mount Crosby Formation to the top of the Blackstone Formation must now be considered Norian.

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: pond; lithified, sandy siltstone

• Interbedded sandstones and mudstones accumulated on levees bordering channels and graded laterally into floodplains where carbonaceous mudstones accumulated with thin crevasse splay sandstone beds.

•Ipswich basin; transtensional rift in intermontane setting. Basin geometry affected by strike-slip movement along West Ipswich fault. Ipswich coal measures deposited near end of rifting phase.

• "The fossil insect bed of finely arenaceous shale. Near the outcrop the bed is of a brownish grey colour with iron-stained joints and planes." Dunstan, 1916 Fresher rock is a greenish grey colour.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: mold/impression, adpression

Collected by Dunstan & Wilcox in 1915-1916

Primary reference: R. J. Tillyard. 1917. Mesozoic Insects of Queensland No. 1 Planipennia, Trichoptera, and the new order Protomecoptera. The Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 42(165):175-200 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 111558: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Jered Karr on 25.06.2011, edited by Matthew Clapham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Insecta
 Eoblattida - Mesorthopteridae
Mesorthopteron locustoides10 Tillyard 1916 insect
GSQI258b, 72a-b, 75, 78a-b, 123, 224, 234, 241b; AM F39242, F39235 (from one of Dunstan's collections according to Riek, 1956)
 Odonata -
Triassophlebia stigmatica n. gen. n. sp.10
Triassophlebia stigmatica n. gen. n. sp.10 Tillyard 1922 dragonfly
GSQI82
 Odonata - Triassolestidae
Triassolestes epiophlebioides n. gen. n. sp.4 Tillyard 1918 dragonfly
GSQI203
 Dicondylia - Mesophlebiidae
"Mesophlebia tillyardi n. sp." = Mesophlebia antinodalis2
"Mesophlebia tillyardi n. sp." = Mesophlebia antinodalis2 Tillyard 1916 winged insect
GSQI127 (now AM F39270 / NHMUK In.33397)
 Dicondylia - Protomyrmeleontidae
Triassagrion australiense n. gen. n. sp.10
Triassagrion australiense n. gen. n. sp.10 Tillyard 1922 winged insect
GSQI290
 Dicondylia -
Perissophlebia multiseriata n. gen. n. sp.4 Tillyard 1918 winged insect
GSQI205
 Hemiptera - Progonocimicidae
Pseudipsvicia ala n. gen. n. sp.2
Pseudipsvicia ala n. gen. n. sp.2 Handlirsch 1939 true bug
GSQ 285a (hindwing of Ipsvicia jonesi in Tillyard, 1923, fig 90)
 Hemiptera - Scytinopteridae
Eurymelidium australe n. gen. n. sp.8, Apheloscyta mesocampta n. gen. n. sp.10, "Mesoscytina australis n. gen. n. sp." = Mesoscytina australis8, "Triassoscarta subcostalis n. gen. n. sp." = Mesoscytina australis8, "Mesoscytina affinis n. sp." = Mesoscytina australis8
Eurymelidium australe n. gen. n. sp.8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI248a
Apheloscyta mesocampta n. gen. n. sp.10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
"Mesoscytina australis n. gen. n. sp." = Mesoscytina australis8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI112a; GSQ 320 in Lambkin (2016) presumably from this collection
"Triassoscarta subcostalis n. gen. n. sp." = Mesoscytina australis8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI116a
"Mesoscytina affinis n. sp." = Mesoscytina australis8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI235
 Hemiptera - Ipsviciidae
"Ipsviciopsis elegans n. gen. n. sp." = Ipsviciopsis elegans10, "Ipsviciopsis magna n. sp." = Ipsviciopsis elegans10, "Ipsvicia jonesi n. gen. n. sp." = Ipsvicia jonesi8, "Ipsvicia acutipennis n. sp." = Ipsvicia jonesi8, "Ipsvicia maculata n. sp." = Ipsvicia jonesi8
"Ipsviciopsis elegans n. gen. n. sp." = Ipsviciopsis elegans10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI178, 278
"Ipsviciopsis magna n. sp." = Ipsviciopsis elegans10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI93
"Ipsvicia jonesi n. gen. n. sp." = Ipsvicia jonesi8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI122a, 285, 226
"Ipsvicia acutipennis n. sp." = Ipsvicia jonesi8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI204
"Ipsvicia maculata n. sp." = Ipsvicia jonesi8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI208
 Hemiptera -
Homoptera indet.8 Leach 1815 true bug
 Hemiptera - Triassocoridae
? Triassocoris sp.10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI184
Triassocoris scutulum n. sp.10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI134, 179
Triassocoris ovalis n. sp.11 Tillyard 1923 true bug
GSQI129
Triassocoris grandis n. sp.11 Tillyard 1923 true bug
GSQI196
Triassocoris myersi n. gen. n. sp.10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI140, 167, 150
 Hemiptera - Dunstaniidae
Dunstaniidae indet.10 Tillyard 1916 true bug
GSQI119
Dunstaniopsis triassica n. gen. n. sp.5 Tillyard 1918 true bug
GSQI107
Paradunstania affinis n. gen. n. sp.5 Tillyard 1918 true bug
GSQI147
 Hemiptera - Mesogereonidae
Mesogereon compressum n. sp.9 Tillyard 1921 true bug
GSQI144
Mesogereon superbum n. sp.9 Tillyard 1921 true bug
GSQI169
Mesogereon shepherdi n. sp.9 Tillyard 1921 true bug
GSQI97
Mesogereon affine n. sp.9 Tillyard 1921 true bug
GSQI206, GSQI207
 Hemiptera - Dysmorphoptilidae
Triassocixius australicus n. gen. n. sp.8, Mesocixius triassicus n. gen. n. sp.8, "Mesocixiodes orthoclada n. sp." = Mesonirvana orthoclada10
Triassocixius australicus n. gen. n. sp.8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI267a
Mesocixius triassicus n. gen. n. sp.8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI215
"Mesocixiodes orthoclada n. sp." = Mesonirvana orthoclada10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI318; GSQ 91, 193, 324 in Lambkin, 2016
 Hemiptera - Tettigarctidae
Mesodiphthera grandis n. gen. n. sp.8, "Mesodiphthera dunstani n. sp." = Tardilly dunstani10, "Mesodiphthera prosboloides n. sp." = Tardilly prosboloides10
Mesodiphthera grandis n. gen. n. sp.8 Tillyard 1919 hairy cicada
GSQI213, 192
"Mesodiphthera dunstani n. sp." = Tardilly dunstani10 Tillyard 1922 hairy cicada
"Mesodiphthera prosboloides n. sp." = Tardilly prosboloides10 Tillyard 1922 hairy cicada
GSQI89
 Hemiptera - Archijassidae
"Triassojassus proavitus n. gen. n. sp." = Mesojassus ipsviciensis8
"Triassojassus proavitus n. gen. n. sp." = Mesojassus ipsviciensis8 Tillyard 1916 true bug
GSQI191a
 Hemiptera - Chiliocyclidae
Chiliocycla scolopoides n. gen. n. sp.8
Chiliocycla scolopoides n. gen. n. sp.8 Tillyard 1919 true bug
GSQI158a, GSQ327
 Hemiptera - Hylicellidae
"Mesocixiodes termioneura n. gen. n. sp." = Mesocixiodes termioneura10, "Mesocixiodes brachyclada n. sp." = Mesocixiodes termioneura10
"Mesocixiodes termioneura n. gen. n. sp." = Mesocixiodes termioneura10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI88
"Mesocixiodes brachyclada n. sp." = Mesocixiodes termioneura10 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI325
 Blattaria - Caloblattinidae
Samaroblatta triassica n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 cockroach
GSQI156
Samaroblatta intercalata n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 cockroach
GSQI262
Samaroblatta blabelloides n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 cockroach
GSQI131b
Samaroblatta jonesi n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 cockroach
GSQI157
Samaroblatta reticulata n. gen. n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 cockroach
GSQI155a
 Orthoptera - Triassomanteidae
Triassomantis pygmaeus n. gen. n. sp.10
Triassomantis pygmaeus n. gen. n. sp.10 Tillyard 1922 grasshopper
GSQI86
 Orthoptera - Proparagryllacrididae
Proparagryllacris crassifemur n. gen. n. sp.3 Riek 1956 grasshopper
AM F39251 (from an unspecified Dunstan collection)
 Orthoptera - Locustavidae
Triassolocusta leptoptera n. gen. n. sp.10
Triassolocusta leptoptera n. gen. n. sp.10 Tillyard 1922 grasshopper
GSQI99
 Dicondylia - Aeroplanidae
Aeroplana mirabilis n. gen. n. sp.4
Aeroplana mirabilis n. gen. n. sp.4 Tillyard 1918 winged insect
GSQI126
 Plecoptera - Euxenoperlidae
"Stenoperlidium triassicum" = Gondwanoperlidium triassicum3
"Stenoperlidium triassicum" = Gondwanoperlidium triassicum3 Riek 1956 stonefly
AM F39256 (from an unspecified Dunstan collection)
 Dicondylia -
Blattodea indet.7 Latreille 1810 cockroach
GSQI121, 152
 Blattodea - Mesoblattinidae
Austroblattula ipsviciensis n. gen. n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 cockroach
GSQI105
 Dicondylia - Triassoblattidae
? Triassoblatta intermedia n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 winged insect
GSQI216
Triassoblatta typica n. gen. n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 winged insect
GSQI180
Triassoblatta insignita n. sp.7 Tillyard 1919 winged insect
GSQI124
 Dicondylia - Archipanorpidae
Archipanorpa magnifica n. gen. n. sp.
Archipanorpa magnifica n. gen. n. sp. Tillyard 1917 winged insect
GSQI106a, 120a
 Neuroptera - Osmylopsychopidae
Osmylopsychops spillerae n. gen. n. sp.11
Osmylopsychops spillerae n. gen. n. sp.11 Tillyard 1923 lacewing
GSQI314, 283
 Neuroptera - Psychopsidae
"Triassopsychops superba n. gen. n. sp." = Triassopsychops superbus10
"Triassopsychops superba n. gen. n. sp." = Triassopsychops superbus10 Tillyard 1922 silky lacewing
GSQI284
 Neuroptera - Osmylopsychopsidae
"Archepsychops triassica n. gen. n. sp." = Archepsychops triassicus6
"Archepsychops triassica n. gen. n. sp." = Archepsychops triassicus6 Tillyard 1919 lacewing
GSQI137
 Neuroptera - Archeosmylidae
Archeosmylus sp.3 Riek 1953 lacewing
AM F39249 (from an unspecified Dunstan collection)
 Neuroptera -
Protopsychopsis venosa n. gen. n. sp.
Protopsychopsis venosa n. gen. n. sp. Tillyard 1917 lacewing
Coll. QGS 160a
 Coleoptera - Trachypachidae
Ademosynoides abnormis n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 false ground beetle
GSQ 243
Ademosynoides alternata n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 false ground beetle
GSQ 149
Ademosynoides magnifica n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 false ground beetle
GSQ 199
 Coleoptera - Dermestidae
Tryoniopsis punctata n. gen. n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 skin beetle
GSQ 250
Tryoniopsis granulata n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 skin beetle
GSQ 161
 Coleoptera -
Polysitum minutus n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 336
Polysitum punctatus n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 153
 Coleoptera - Elateridae
"Elaterites transversus n. sp." = Elateridium transversum1, "Elaterites subulatus n. sp." = Elateridium subulatum1, Elaterium bipunctatum n. sp.1
"Elaterites transversus n. sp." = Elateridium transversum1 Dunstan 1923 click beetle
GSQ 159
"Elaterites subulatus n. sp." = Elateridium subulatum1 Dunstan 1923 click beetle
GSQ 263
Elaterium bipunctatum n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 click beetle
GSQ 292
 Coleoptera - Tricoleidae
Willcoxia magnopunctata n. gen. n. sp.1
Willcoxia magnopunctata n. gen. n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 261
 Coleoptera - Schizocoleidae
Reeveana intermedia n. sp.1, Reeveana minor n. sp.1, Reeveana major n. sp.1, "Lobites trivittatus n. sp." = Mesolobites trivittatus1, "Mesothoris tenuiclathrata n. sp." = Mesolobites tenuiclathrata1, "Lobites tuberculatus n. sp." = Mesolobites tuberculatus1, "Lobites granulatus n. sp." = Mesolobites granulatus1, "Mesothoris quadripartita n. sp." = Mesolobites quadripartita1, Shepherdia quadrivittata n. gen. n. sp.1
Reeveana intermedia n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 201
Reeveana minor n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 297
Reeveana major n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 251
"Lobites trivittatus n. sp." = Mesolobites trivittatus1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 164
"Mesothoris tenuiclathrata n. sp." = Mesolobites tenuiclathrata1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 313
"Lobites tuberculatus n. sp." = Mesolobites tuberculatus1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 342
"Lobites granulatus n. sp." = Mesolobites granulatus1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 183
"Mesothoris quadripartita n. sp." = Mesolobites quadripartita1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 349
Shepherdia quadrivittata n. gen. n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 130
 Coleoptera -
Tillyardiopsis granulata n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 289
Tillyardiopsis tuberculata n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 133
 Coleoptera - Taldycupedidae
Simmondsia cylindrica n. sp.1, Simmondsia subpiriformis n. sp.1, "Elaterium punctomarginum n. sp." = Mesothoris punctomarginum1
Simmondsia cylindrica n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 87
Simmondsia subpiriformis n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 135, 276
"Elaterium punctomarginum n. sp." = Mesothoris punctomarginum1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 200
 Coleoptera - Ademosynidae
Grammositum bilineatus n. gen. n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 136
Ademosyne olliffi1 Handlirsch 1906 beetle
GSQ 115
Ademosyne lata n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 132
Ademosyne parva n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 312
Ademosyne intermedia n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 233
Ademosyne curvata n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 274
Ademosyne ramocostata n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 225
Ademosyne adunca n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 194
Ademosyne vittamargina n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 341, 293
Ademosyne rugulosa n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 260
Ademosyne brevis n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 339
 Coleoptera -
Apheloodes rugosum n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 236
Apheloodes obliquum n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 143
Leioodes pygmaeum n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 287
Leioodes planum n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 348
 Coleoptera - Permosynidae
Platycrossos subtumidus n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 171
Platycrossos ligulatus n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQ 268, 118
 Dicondylia - Stereochoristidae
Stereochorista frustrata n. gen. n. sp.6
Stereochorista frustrata n. gen. n. sp.6 Tillyard 1919 winged insect
GSQI218
 Dicondylia -
Mecoptera indet.6 Packard 1886 scorpionfly
GSQI168
 Mecoptera - Orthophlebiidae
"Orthophlebidae indet." = Orthophlebiidae3
"Orthophlebidae indet." = Orthophlebiidae3 Handlirsch 1906 scorpionfly
AM F39232 (from an unspecified Dunstan collection)
 Mecoptera - Mesopsychidae
"Mesopsyche triareolata n. gen. n. sp." = Mesopsyche triareolata, "Neuropsyche elongata n. gen. n. sp." = Mesopsyche triareolata6, "Triassopsyche dunstani n. gen. n. sp." = Mesopsyche triareolata, "Aristopsyche superba n. gen. n. sp." = Mesopsyche triareolata6
"Mesopsyche triareolata n. gen. n. sp." = Mesopsyche triareolata Tillyard 1917 scorpionfly
Dunstan 110 (AM Sydney)
"Neuropsyche elongata n. gen. n. sp." = Mesopsyche triareolata6 Tillyard 1917 scorpionfly
Dunstan 228 (AM Sydney)
"Triassopsyche dunstani n. gen. n. sp." = Mesopsyche triareolata Tillyard 1917 scorpionfly
Dunstan 128a (AM Sydney)
"Aristopsyche superba n. gen. n. sp." = Mesopsyche triareolata6 Tillyard 1917 scorpionfly
Dunstan 148 (AM Sydney)
 Glosselytrodea - Polycytellidae
Polycytella triassica n. gen. n. sp.10
Polycytella triassica n. gen. n. sp.10 Tillyard 1922 winged insect
GSQI81, GSQI154