Burmese amber (Zigras coll) (Cretaceous of Myanmar)

Where: Kachin, Myanmar (26.4° N, 96.7° E: paleocoordinates 12.4° N, 93.8° E)

• coordinate stated in text

When: Early/Lower Cenomanian (99.6 - 93.5 Ma)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; amber

Size class: mesofossils

Preservation: soft parts, amber

Reposited in the AMNH

Collection methods: quarrying,

• In private collection of James Zigras, available for study through the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York.

Primary reference: D. A. Grimaldi, A. Arillo, J. M. Cumming and M. Hauser. 2011. Brachyceran Diptera (Insecta) in Cretaceous ambers, Part IV, significant new Orthorrhaphous Taxa. ZooKeys 148:293-332 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 123113: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 11.01.2012, edited by Matthew Carrano

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Pennaraptora indet.23
Pennaraptora indet.23
pennaceous feather, part of AMNH Bu JZC-F18
Amphibia
 Temnospondyli - Albanerpetontidae
Yaksha perettii8
Yaksha perettii8 Daza et al. 2020 tetrapod
JZC Bu154, small neonate with integument and most of the skeleton preserved
Reptilia
 Squamata -
Squamata indet.9, Lacertoidea indet.9
Squamata indet.9 squamates
JZC Bu267, intact body including epidermis, soft tissues, and tongue tip; JZC Bu269, hollow body cavity with multicarinate scaled epidermis, some tooth-bearing bones retained; JZC Bu1848, integument, with some skeletal elements and internal organs preserved
Lacertoidea indet.9 Camp 1923 squamates
JZC Bu1803, large lacertoid with intact integument;
 Squamata - Agamidae
Agamidae indet.9
Agamidae indet.9 Gray 1827 squamates
JZC Bu266, isolated left posterior leg;
 Squamata -
Gekkota indet.9
Gekkota indet.9 squamates
JZCBu1847, hindquarters of large gecko; JCZBu1802, entire skull plus vertebral column and some limb and pelvic bones
Arachnida
 Amblypygi -
Kronocharon prendinii n. gen. n. sp.15
Kronocharon prendinii n. gen. n. sp.15 Engel and Grimaldi 2014 whip spider
JZC Bu150 (femaly holotype and three nymphs)
 Parasitiformes - Ixodidae
Cornupalpatum burmanicum23
Cornupalpatum burmanicum23 Poinar and Brown 2003 hard tick
AMNH Bu JZC-F18
Insecta
 Diptera - Culicidae
Burmaculex antiquus6
Burmaculex antiquus6 Borkent and Grimaldi 2004 mosquito
JCZ-Bu213
 Diptera - Asilidae
Burmapogon bruckschi10
Burmapogon bruckschi10 Dikow and Grimaldi 2014 robber fly
JZC Bu163
 Diptera - Bombyliidae
Procrocidium minutum n. gen. n. sp.18, Endymiomyia quadra n. gen. n. sp.18
Procrocidium minutum n. gen. n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 bee fly
JZC Bu-098
Endymiomyia quadra n. gen. n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 bee fly
JZC Bu-209
 Diptera - Mysteromyiidae
Mysteromyia plumosa n. gen. n. sp.18
Mysteromyia plumosa n. gen. n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 fly
JZC Bu-1817a
 Diptera -
"Cyclorrhapha indet." = Cyclorrhapha19
"Cyclorrhapha indet." = Cyclorrhapha19 Brauer 1863 fly
JZC Bu304
 Diptera - Phoridae
Prophora dimorion19
Prophora dimorion19 Grimaldi 2018 scuttle fly
JZC Bu242
 Diptera - Platypezidae
Burmapeza radicis n. gen. n. sp.19, Calvopeza divergens19
Burmapeza radicis n. gen. n. sp.19 Grimaldi 2018 flat-footed fly
JZC Bu178a, b
Calvopeza divergens19 Grimaldi 2018 flat-footed fly
JZC Bu212
 Diptera - Apystomyiidae
Hilarimorphites cummingi n. sp.18
Hilarimorphites cummingi n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 fly
JZC Bu-177
 Diptera - Atelestidae
Alavesia sp.26, Alavesia zigrasi n. sp.26, "Alavesia longicornuta n. sp." = Alavesia (Pennonalavesia) longicornuta26
Alavesia sp.26 Waters and Arillo 1999 fly
JZC Bu-1729
Alavesia zigrasi n. sp.26 Sinclair and Grimaldi 2020 fly
JZC Bu-281, 165a, 165b
"Alavesia longicornuta n. sp." = Alavesia (Pennonalavesia) longicornuta26 Sinclair and Grimaldi 2020 fly
JZC Bu-556
 Diptera - Stratiomyidae
Normyia telescopica n. sp.18, Normyia woodleyi18
Normyia telescopica n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 soldier fly
JZC Bu-104
Normyia woodleyi18 Grimaldi 2016 soldier fly
JZC Bu-001
 Diptera - Xylomyidae
Archosolva biceps n. gen. n. sp.18, Archosolva sulcata n. sp.18
Archosolva biceps n. gen. n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 fly
JZC Bu-257
Archosolva sulcata n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 fly
JZC Bu-208
 Diptera - Nemestrinidae
Hirmoneura zigrasi n. sp.18
Hirmoneura zigrasi n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 tangle-veined fly
JZC Bu-169
 Diptera -
Atherhagiox simulans n. sp.18, Palaepangonius glossa n. sp.18
Atherhagiox simulans n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 fly
JZC Bu-288
Palaepangonius glossa n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 fly
JZC Bu-248
 Diptera - Eucaudomyiidae
Eucaudomyia longicerci n. gen. n. sp.18
Eucaudomyia longicerci n. gen. n. sp.18 Grimaldi 2016 fly
JZC Bu-241
 Diptera - Tethepomyiidae
Tethepomyia zigrasi n. sp.
Tethepomyia zigrasi n. sp. Grimaldi and Arillo 2011 fly
 Dermaptera -
Epidermaptera "nymph sp. 2"14
Epidermaptera "nymph sp. 2"14 Engel 2003 earwig
JZC Bu59
 Dermaptera - Labiduridae
Zigrasolabis speciosa n. gen. n. sp.14
Zigrasolabis speciosa n. gen. n. sp.14 Engel and Grimaldi 2014 long-horned earwig
JZC Bu232
 Dermaptera - Anisolabididae
Anisolabididae "nymph sp. 1"14, Toxolabis zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.14
Anisolabididae "nymph sp. 1"14 Verhoeff 1902 earwig
JZC Bu231 (possibly Toxolabis zigrasi?)
Toxolabis zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.14 Engel and Grimaldi 2014 earwig
JZC Bu231
 Blattodea -
Euisoptera indet.13
Euisoptera indet.13 Engel et al. 2009 termite
JZC Bu235
 Blattodea - Krishnatermitidae
Krishnatermes sp.13, Krishnatermes yoddha n. gen. n. sp.13
Krishnatermes sp.13 Engel et al. 2016 termite
JZC Bu156
Krishnatermes yoddha n. gen. n. sp.13 Engel et al. 2016 termite
JZC-Bu1839a,b, 183
 Hymenoptera - Pelecinidae
Zoropelecinus zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.16
Zoropelecinus zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.16 Engel and Grimaldi 2013 wasp
JZC-Bu229
 Hymenoptera - Aulacidae
Electrofoenops diminuta n. gen. n. sp.12, Archeofoenus tartaricus n. gen. n. sp.12
Electrofoenops diminuta n. gen. n. sp.12 Engel 2017 wasp
JZC Bu-60
Archeofoenus tartaricus n. gen. n. sp.12 Engel 2017 wasp
JZC Bu-551
 Hymenoptera - Stephanidae
Kronostephanus zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.17
Kronostephanus zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.17 Engel and Grimaldi 2013 crown wasp
JZC-Bu230
 Hymenoptera - Vespidae
Curiosivespa striata n. sp.25, Curiosivespa zigrasi n. sp.25, Protovespa haxairei n. gen. n. sp.25
Curiosivespa striata n. sp.25 Perrard and Carpenter 2017 wasp
AMNH JZC-Bu1839
Curiosivespa zigrasi n. sp.25 Perrard and Carpenter 2017 wasp
AMNH JZC-Bu245
Protovespa haxairei n. gen. n. sp.25 Perrard and Carpenter 2017 wasp
AMNH JZC-Bu1837
 Hymenoptera - Stigmaphronidae
Burmaphron tridentatum11
Burmaphron tridentatum11 Engel and Grimaldi 2009 wasp
 Hymenoptera -
? Camelomecia sp.5
? Camelomecia sp.5 Barden and Grimaldi 2016 wasp
JZC Bu1818
 Hymenoptera - Formicidae
Haidomyrmex zigrasi n. sp.2, Gerontoformica sp.5, "Sphecomyrmodes robustus n. sp." = Gerontoformica robusta4, "Sphecomyrmodes gracilis n. sp." = Gerontoformica gracilis4, "Sphecomyrmodes subcuspis n. sp." = Gerontoformica subcuspis4, "Sphecomyrmodes pilosus n. sp." = Gerontoformica pilosa4, "Sphecomyrmodes contegus n. sp." = Gerontoformica contega4, "Sphecomyrmodes rugosus n. sp." = Gerontoformica rugosa4, "Sphecomyrmodes magnus n. sp." = Gerontoformica magna4, "Sphecomyrmodes spiralis n. sp." = Gerontoformica spiralis4, "Sphecomyrmodes tendir n. sp." = Gerontoformica tendir4, "Gerontoformica maraudera n. sp." = Myanmyrma maraudera5, Zigrasimecia tonsora n. gen. n. sp.3
Haidomyrmex zigrasi n. sp.2 Barden and Grimaldi 2012 hell ant
JZC Bu116K in Bardenm & Grimaldi 2016
Gerontoformica sp.5 Nel and Perrault 2004 ant
JZC Bu313, 318, 1821; Bu1645A-U (mostly G. orientalis, but also G. contegus and G. robustus)
"Sphecomyrmodes robustus n. sp." = Gerontoformica robusta4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu223A, 106, 223B
"Sphecomyrmodes gracilis n. sp." = Gerontoformica gracilis4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu324A, B
"Sphecomyrmodes subcuspis n. sp." = Gerontoformica subcuspis4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu304, 305, 121A
"Sphecomyrmodes pilosus n. sp." = Gerontoformica pilosa4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu225
"Sphecomyrmodes contegus n. sp." = Gerontoformica contega4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu300A, 115A
"Sphecomyrmodes rugosus n. sp." = Gerontoformica rugosa4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu1648
"Sphecomyrmodes magnus n. sp." = Gerontoformica magna4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu108A, 114, 343
"Sphecomyrmodes spiralis n. sp." = Gerontoformica spiralis4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu222A, 224, 111, 401, 12, 105A, 302A; 1814A-F, 116A-J,L, 1646B in Barden & Grimaldi 2016
"Sphecomyrmodes tendir n. sp." = Gerontoformica tendir4 Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant
JZC Bu303A, 303B; Bu1646A in Barden & Grimaldi 2016
"Gerontoformica maraudera n. sp." = Myanmyrma maraudera5 Barden and Grimaldi 2016 ant
JZC Bu1846
Zigrasimecia tonsora n. gen. n. sp.3 Barden and Grimaldi 2013 ant
JZC Bu-159
 Neuroptera - Psychopsidae
Aphthartopsychops scutatus n. gen. n. sp.1, Acanthopsychops triaina n. gen. n. sp.1
Aphthartopsychops scutatus n. gen. n. sp.1 Badano and Engel 2018 silky lacewing
AMNH JZC-Bu197
Acanthopsychops triaina n. gen. n. sp.1 Badano and Engel 2018 silky lacewing
AMNH JZC-Bu404
 Neuroptera -
Macleodiella electrina n. gen. n. sp.1, Adelpholeon lithophorus n. gen. n. sp.1
Macleodiella electrina n. gen. n. sp.1 Badano and Engel 2018 lacewing
AMNH JZC-Bu30
Adelpholeon lithophorus n. gen. n. sp.1 Badano and Engel 2018 lacewing
AMNH JZC-Bu31
 Neuroptera - Nymphidae
Nymphavus progenitor1
Nymphavus progenitor1 Badano et al. 2018 split-footed lacewing
AMNH JZC-Bu33A
 Neuroptera - Myrmeleontidae
Pristinofossor rictus n. gen. n. sp.1
Pristinofossor rictus n. gen. n. sp.1 Badano and Engel 2018 antlion
AMNH JZC-Bu304
 Neuroptera -
Diodontognathus papillatus1
Diodontognathus papillatus1 Badano et al. 2018 lacewing
AMNH JZC-Bu29
 Neuroptera - Coniopterygidae
Achlyoconis heptatrichia n. gen. n. sp.11, Paranimboa litotes n. gen. n. sp.11
Achlyoconis heptatrichia n. gen. n. sp.11 Engel 2016 dustywing
AMNH JZC Bu-50
Paranimboa litotes n. gen. n. sp.11 Engel 2016 dustywing
AMNH JZC Bu-275
 Coleoptera - Monotomidae
Cretakarenni birmanicus n. gen. n. sp.24
Cretakarenni birmanicus n. gen. n. sp.24 Peris and Delclòs 2015 root eating beetle
JZC Bu-33C
 Coleoptera - Nemonychidae
Burmonyx zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.7
Burmonyx zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.7 Davis and Engel 2014 pine flower snout beetle
JZC Bu228
 Lepidoptera - Lophocoronidae
Acanthocorona sattleri22
Acanthocorona sattleri22 Mey et al. 2021 moth
JZC Bu203
 Mecoptera - Meropeidae
Burmomerope eureka n. gen. n. sp.20
Burmomerope eureka n. gen. n. sp.20 Grimaldi and Engel 2013 earwigfly
JZC Bu-84
 Mecoptera - Pseudopolycentropodidae
Parapolycentropus sp.21, Parapolycentropus burmiticus21, Parapolycentropus paraburmiticus21
Parapolycentropus sp.21 Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn 2005 scorpionfly
JZC Bu433 (3 males), Bu1329, Bu1121
Parapolycentropus burmiticus21 Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn 2005 scorpionfly
JZC Bu1268
Parapolycentropus paraburmiticus21 Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn 2005 scorpionfly
JZC BU273, 80-82, 148, 542A, 1433A, 1433B, 274, 525, 590, no #, 1192
1Badano et al. 2018; 2Barden and Grimaldi 2012; 3Barden and Grimaldi 2013; 4Barden and Grimaldi 2014; 5Barden and Grimaldi 2016; 6Borkent and Grimaldi 2016; 7Davis and Engel 2014; 8Daza et al. 2020; 9Daza et al. 2016; 10Dikow and Grimaldi 2014; 11Engel 2016; 12Engel 2017; 13Engel et al. 2016; 14Engel and Grimaldi 2014; 15Engel and Grimaldi 2014; 16Engel et al. 2013; 17Engel et al. 2013; 18Grimaldi 2016; 19Grimaldi 2018; 20Grimaldi and Engel 2013; 21Grimaldi and Johnston 2014; 22Mey et al. 2021; 23Peñalver et al. 2017; 24Peris and Delclòs 2015; 25Perrard et al. 2017; 26Sinclair and Grimaldi 2020