PBDB Collection

Burmese amber (Zigras coll) (Cretaceous of Myanmar)

Where: Kachin, Myanmar (26.4° N, 96.7° E: paleocoordinates 12.4° N, 93.8° E)

• coordinate stated in text

When: Early/Lower Cenomanian (99.6 - 93.5 Ma)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; amber

Size class: mesofossils

Preservation: soft parts, amber

Reposited in the AMNH

Collection methods: quarrying,

• In private collection of James Zigras, available for study through the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York.

Primary reference: D. A. Grimaldi, A. Arillo, J. M. Cumming and M. Hauser. 2011. Brachyceran Diptera (Insecta) in Cretaceous ambers, Part IV, significant new Orthorrhaphous Taxa. ZooKeys 148:293-332 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 123113: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 11.01.2012, edited by Matthew Carrano

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Pennaraptora indet.²³ Pennaraptora indet.²³ pennaceous feather, part of AMNH Bu JZC-F18
Insecta
Lepidoptera - Lophocoronidae	Acanthocorona sattleri²² Acanthocorona sattleri²² Mey et al. 2021 moth JZC Bu203
Mecoptera - Pseudopolycentropodidae	Parapolycentropus sp.²¹, Parapolycentropus burmiticus²¹, Parapolycentropus paraburmiticus²¹ Parapolycentropus sp.²¹ Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn 2005 scorpionfly JZC Bu433 (3 males), Bu1329, Bu1121 Parapolycentropus burmiticus²¹ Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn 2005 scorpionfly JZC Bu1268 Parapolycentropus paraburmiticus²¹ Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn 2005 scorpionfly JZC BU273, 80-82, 148, 542A, 1433A, 1433B, 274, 525, 590, no #, 1192
Mecoptera - Meropeidae	Burmomerope eureka n. gen. n. sp.²⁰ Burmomerope eureka n. gen. n. sp.²⁰ Grimaldi and Engel 2013 earwigfly JZC Bu-84
Neuroptera - Psychopsidae	Acanthopsychops triaina n. gen. n. sp.¹, Aphthartopsychops scutatus n. gen. n. sp.¹ Acanthopsychops triaina n. gen. n. sp.¹ Badano and Engel 2018 silky lacewing AMNH JZC-Bu404 Aphthartopsychops scutatus n. gen. n. sp.¹ Badano and Engel 2018 silky lacewing AMNH JZC-Bu197
Neuroptera -	Diodontognathus papillatus¹ Diodontognathus papillatus¹ Badano et al. 2018 lacewing AMNH JZC-Bu29
Neuroptera - Myrmeleontidae	Pristinofossor rictus n. gen. n. sp.¹ Pristinofossor rictus n. gen. n. sp.¹ Badano and Engel 2018 antlion AMNH JZC-Bu304
Neuroptera -	Adelpholeon lithophorus n. gen. n. sp.¹ Adelpholeon lithophorus n. gen. n. sp.¹ Badano and Engel 2018 lacewing AMNH JZC-Bu31
Neuroptera - Nymphidae	Nymphavus progenitor¹ Nymphavus progenitor¹ Badano et al. 2018 split-footed lacewing AMNH JZC-Bu33A
Neuroptera -	Macleodiella electrina n. gen. n. sp.¹ Macleodiella electrina n. gen. n. sp.¹ Badano and Engel 2018 lacewing AMNH JZC-Bu30
Neuroptera - Coniopterygidae	Achlyoconis heptatrichia n. gen. n. sp.¹¹, Paranimboa litotes n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Achlyoconis heptatrichia n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Engel 2016 dustywing AMNH JZC Bu-50 Paranimboa litotes n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Engel 2016 dustywing AMNH JZC Bu-275
Coleoptera - Nemonychidae	Burmonyx zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.⁷ Burmonyx zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.⁷ Davis and Engel 2014 pine flower snout beetle JZC Bu228
Coleoptera - Monotomidae	Cretakarenni birmanicus n. gen. n. sp.²⁴ Cretakarenni birmanicus n. gen. n. sp.²⁴ Peris and Delclòs 2015 root eating beetle JZC Bu-33C
Hymenoptera -	? Camelomecia sp.⁵ ? Camelomecia sp.⁵ Barden and Grimaldi 2016 wasp JZC Bu1818
Hymenoptera - Formicidae	Gerontoformica sp.⁵, "Sphecomyrmodes rugosus n. sp." = Gerontoformica rugosa⁴, "Sphecomyrmodes robustus n. sp." = Gerontoformica robusta⁴, "Sphecomyrmodes gracilis n. sp." = Gerontoformica gracilis⁴, "Sphecomyrmodes pilosus n. sp." = Gerontoformica pilosa⁴, "Sphecomyrmodes contegus n. sp." = Gerontoformica contega⁴, "Sphecomyrmodes spiralis n. sp." = Gerontoformica spiralis⁴, "Sphecomyrmodes magnus n. sp." = Gerontoformica magna⁴, "Sphecomyrmodes subcuspis n. sp." = Gerontoformica subcuspis⁴, "Sphecomyrmodes tendir n. sp." = Gerontoformica tendir⁴, "Gerontoformica maraudera n. sp." = Myanmyrma maraudera⁵, Haidomyrmex zigrasi n. sp.², Zigrasimecia tonsora n. gen. n. sp.³ Gerontoformica sp.⁵ Nel and Perrault 2004 ant JZC Bu313, 318, 1821; Bu1645A-U (mostly G. orientalis, but also G. contegus and G. robustus) "Sphecomyrmodes rugosus n. sp." = Gerontoformica rugosa⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu1648 "Sphecomyrmodes robustus n. sp." = Gerontoformica robusta⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu223A, 106, 223B "Sphecomyrmodes gracilis n. sp." = Gerontoformica gracilis⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu324A, B "Sphecomyrmodes pilosus n. sp." = Gerontoformica pilosa⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu225 "Sphecomyrmodes contegus n. sp." = Gerontoformica contega⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu300A, 115A "Sphecomyrmodes spiralis n. sp." = Gerontoformica spiralis⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu222A, 224, 111, 401, 12, 105A, 302A; 1814A-F, 116A-J,L, 1646B in Barden & Grimaldi 2016 "Sphecomyrmodes magnus n. sp." = Gerontoformica magna⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu108A, 114, 343 "Sphecomyrmodes subcuspis n. sp." = Gerontoformica subcuspis⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu304, 305, 121A "Sphecomyrmodes tendir n. sp." = Gerontoformica tendir⁴ Barden and Grimaldi 2014 ant JZC Bu303A, 303B; Bu1646A in Barden & Grimaldi 2016 "Gerontoformica maraudera n. sp." = Myanmyrma maraudera⁵ Barden and Grimaldi 2016 ant JZC Bu1846 Haidomyrmex zigrasi n. sp.² Barden and Grimaldi 2012 hell ant JZC Bu116K in Bardenm & Grimaldi 2016 Zigrasimecia tonsora n. gen. n. sp.³ Barden and Grimaldi 2013 ant JZC Bu-159
Hymenoptera - Stigmaphronidae	Burmaphron tridentatum¹¹ Burmaphron tridentatum¹¹ Engel and Grimaldi 2009 wasp
Hymenoptera - Vespidae	Curiosivespa zigrasi n. sp.²⁵, Curiosivespa striata n. sp.²⁵, Protovespa haxairei n. gen. n. sp.²⁵ Curiosivespa zigrasi n. sp.²⁵ Perrard and Carpenter 2017 wasp AMNH JZC-Bu245 Curiosivespa striata n. sp.²⁵ Perrard and Carpenter 2017 wasp AMNH JZC-Bu1839 Protovespa haxairei n. gen. n. sp.²⁵ Perrard and Carpenter 2017 wasp AMNH JZC-Bu1837
Hymenoptera - Stephanidae	Kronostephanus zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.¹⁷ Kronostephanus zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.¹⁷ Engel and Grimaldi 2013 crown wasp JZC-Bu230
Hymenoptera - Aulacidae	Electrofoenops diminuta n. gen. n. sp.¹², Archeofoenus tartaricus n. gen. n. sp.¹² Electrofoenops diminuta n. gen. n. sp.¹² Engel 2017 wasp JZC Bu-60 Archeofoenus tartaricus n. gen. n. sp.¹² Engel 2017 wasp JZC Bu-551
Hymenoptera - Pelecinidae	Zoropelecinus zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.¹⁶ Zoropelecinus zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.¹⁶ Engel and Grimaldi 2013 wasp JZC-Bu229
Blattodea -	Euisoptera indet.¹³ Euisoptera indet.¹³ Engel et al. 2009 termite JZC Bu235
Blattodea - Krishnatermitidae	Krishnatermes sp.¹³, Krishnatermes yoddha n. gen. n. sp.¹³ Krishnatermes sp.¹³ Engel et al. 2016 termite JZC Bu156 Krishnatermes yoddha n. gen. n. sp.¹³ Engel et al. 2016 termite JZC-Bu1839a,b, 183
Dermaptera -	Epidermaptera "nymph sp. 2"¹⁴ Epidermaptera "nymph sp. 2"¹⁴ Engel 2003 earwig JZC Bu59
Dermaptera - Labiduridae	Zigrasolabis speciosa n. gen. n. sp.¹⁴ Zigrasolabis speciosa n. gen. n. sp.¹⁴ Engel and Grimaldi 2014 long-horned earwig JZC Bu232
Dermaptera - Anisolabididae	Anisolabididae "nymph sp. 1"¹⁴, Toxolabis zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.¹⁴ Anisolabididae "nymph sp. 1"¹⁴ Verhoeff 1902 earwig JZC Bu231 (possibly Toxolabis zigrasi?) Toxolabis zigrasi n. gen. n. sp.¹⁴ Engel and Grimaldi 2014 earwig JZC Bu231
Diptera - Culicidae	Burmaculex antiquus⁶ Burmaculex antiquus⁶ Borkent and Grimaldi 2004 mosquito JCZ-Bu213
Diptera - Eucaudomyiidae	Eucaudomyia longicerci n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Eucaudomyia longicerci n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 fly JZC Bu-241
Diptera -	"Cyclorrhapha indet." = Cyclorrhapha¹⁹ "Cyclorrhapha indet." = Cyclorrhapha¹⁹ Brauer 1863 fly JZC Bu304
Diptera - Platypezidae	Burmapeza radicis n. gen. n. sp.¹⁹, Calvopeza divergens¹⁹ Burmapeza radicis n. gen. n. sp.¹⁹ Grimaldi 2018 flat-footed fly JZC Bu178a, b Calvopeza divergens¹⁹ Grimaldi 2018 flat-footed fly JZC Bu212
Diptera - Phoridae	Prophora dimorion¹⁹ Prophora dimorion¹⁹ Grimaldi 2018 scuttle fly JZC Bu242
Diptera - Atelestidae	Alavesia sp.²⁶, Alavesia zigrasi n. sp.²⁶, "Alavesia longicornuta n. sp." = Alavesia (Pennonalavesia) longicornuta²⁶ Alavesia sp.²⁶ Waters and Arillo 1999 fly JZC Bu-1729 Alavesia zigrasi n. sp.²⁶ Sinclair and Grimaldi 2020 fly JZC Bu-281, 165a, 165b "Alavesia longicornuta n. sp." = Alavesia (Pennonalavesia) longicornuta²⁶ Sinclair and Grimaldi 2020 fly JZC Bu-556
Diptera - Apystomyiidae	Hilarimorphites cummingi n. sp.¹⁸ Hilarimorphites cummingi n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 fly JZC Bu-177
Diptera - Mysteromyiidae	Mysteromyia plumosa n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Mysteromyia plumosa n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 fly JZC Bu-1817a
Diptera - Asilidae	Burmapogon bruckschi¹⁰ Burmapogon bruckschi¹⁰ Dikow and Grimaldi 2014 robber fly JZC Bu163
Diptera - Bombyliidae	Procrocidium minutum n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸, Endymiomyia quadra n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Procrocidium minutum n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 bee fly JZC Bu-098 Endymiomyia quadra n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 bee fly JZC Bu-209
Diptera - Nemestrinidae	Hirmoneura zigrasi n. sp.¹⁸ Hirmoneura zigrasi n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 tangle-veined fly JZC Bu-169
Diptera -	Atherhagiox simulans n. sp.¹⁸, Palaepangonius glossa n. sp.¹⁸ Atherhagiox simulans n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 fly JZC Bu-288 Palaepangonius glossa n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 fly JZC Bu-248
Diptera - Xylomyidae	Archosolva biceps n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸, Archosolva sulcata n. sp.¹⁸ Archosolva biceps n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 fly JZC Bu-257 Archosolva sulcata n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 fly JZC Bu-208
Diptera - Stratiomyidae	Normyia telescopica n. sp.¹⁸, Normyia woodleyi¹⁸ Normyia telescopica n. sp.¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 soldier fly JZC Bu-104 Normyia woodleyi¹⁸ Grimaldi 2016 soldier fly JZC Bu-001
Diptera - Tethepomyiidae	Tethepomyia zigrasi n. sp. Tethepomyia zigrasi n. sp. Grimaldi and Arillo 2011 fly
Arachnida
Parasitiformes - Ixodidae	Cornupalpatum burmanicum²³ Cornupalpatum burmanicum²³ Poinar and Brown 2003 hard tick AMNH Bu JZC-F18
Amblypygi -	Kronocharon prendinii n. gen. n. sp.¹⁵ Kronocharon prendinii n. gen. n. sp.¹⁵ Engel and Grimaldi 2014 whip spider JZC Bu150 (femaly holotype and three nymphs)
Reptilia
Squamata -	Squamata indet.⁹, Lacertoidea indet.⁹ Squamata indet.⁹ squamates JZC Bu267, intact body including epidermis, soft tissues, and tongue tip; JZC Bu269, hollow body cavity with multicarinate scaled epidermis, some tooth-bearing bones retained; JZC Bu1848, integument, with some skeletal elements and internal organs preserved Lacertoidea indet.⁹ Camp 1923 squamates JZC Bu1803, large lacertoid with intact integument;
Squamata - Agamidae	Agamidae indet.⁹ Agamidae indet.⁹ Gray 1827 squamates JZC Bu266, isolated left posterior leg;
Squamata -	Gekkota indet.⁹ Gekkota indet.⁹ squamates JZCBu1847, hindquarters of large gecko; JCZBu1802, entire skull plus vertebral column and some limb and pelvic bones
Amphibia
Temnospondyli - Albanerpetontidae	Yaksha perettii⁸ Yaksha perettii⁸ Daza et al. 2020 tetrapod JZC Bu154, small neonate with integument and most of the skeleton preserved

¹Badano et al. 2018; ²Barden and Grimaldi 2012; ³Barden and Grimaldi 2013; ⁴Barden and Grimaldi 2014; ⁵Barden and Grimaldi 2016; ⁶Borkent and Grimaldi 2016; ⁷Davis and Engel 2014; ⁸Daza et al. 2020; ⁹Daza et al. 2016; ¹⁰Dikow and Grimaldi 2014; ¹¹Engel 2016; ¹²Engel 2017; ¹³Engel et al. 2016; ¹⁴Engel and Grimaldi 2014; ¹⁵Engel and Grimaldi 2014; ¹⁶Engel et al. 2013; ¹⁷Engel et al. 2013; ¹⁸Grimaldi 2016; ¹⁹Grimaldi 2018; ²⁰Grimaldi and Engel 2013; ²¹Grimaldi and Johnston 2014; ²²Mey et al. 2021; ²³Peñalver et al. 2017; ²⁴Peris and Delclòs 2015; ²⁵Perrard et al. 2017; ²⁶Sinclair and Grimaldi 2020