Quarry 9, Como Bluff (YPM) (Jurassic to of the United States)

Also known as Mammal Quarry, WY-15

Where: Albany County, Wyoming (41.9° N, 106.0° W: paleocoordinates 37.5° N, 52.2° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Talking Rocks Member (Morrison Formation), Kimmeridgian to Kimmeridgian (157.3 - 145.0 Ma)

• middle upper part of the Morrison series; Unit B

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial-lacustrine; gray, green mudstone and coarse-grained sandstone

• Several hypotheses for the paleoenvironment (lacustrine, ephemeral ponds)
• Secondary lithology described as 'coarse sandstone'

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by W. Reed in 1879; reposited in the USNM, YPM

Collection methods: bulk, quarrying, mechanical, sieve,

Primary reference: O. C. Marsh. 1881. Discovery of a fossil bird in the Jurassic of Wyoming. American Journal of Science 31:341-342 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 12816: authorized by Emmanuel Fara, entered by Emmanuel Fara on 18.12.2001, edited by Robin Whatley, Matthew Carrano, Roger Benson and Evangelos Vlachos

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Revision of previously proposed taxa. The fauna is said to also contain 'fish, small reptiles, and mammals'.
Bivalvia
 Unionida - Unionidae
Unio sp.28 Philipsson 1788 freshwater mussel
Gastropoda
 Heterostropha - Planorbidae
Planorbis sp.28 Muller 1774 snail
 Heterostropha - Valvatidae
Valvatidae indet.2 Gray 1840 snail
Osteichthyes
 Dipnoi - Ceratodontidae
Ceratodus sp.23 Agassiz 1838 lungfish
Ceratodus guentheri11 Marsh 1878 lungfish
Amphibia
 Caudata -
Comonecturoides marshi n. gen. n. sp.9
Comonecturoides marshi n. gen. n. sp.9 Hecht and Estes 1960 salamander
YPM 3919
 Salientia - Discoglossidae
Enneabatrachus hechti n. gen. n. sp.3
Enneabatrachus hechti n. gen. n. sp.3 Evans and Milner 1993 painted frog
Lissamphibia, Anura, Discoglossidae
 Salientia -
"Comobatrachus aenigmaticus n. gen. n. sp." = Comobatrachus aenigmatis9
"Comobatrachus aenigmaticus n. gen. n. sp." = Comobatrachus aenigmatis9 Hecht and Estes 1960 frog
YPM 1863
 Salientia - Pelobatidae
Pelobatidae indet.3 Lataste 1879 spadefoot toad
Lissamphibia, Anura
 Salientia -
Eobatrachus agilis n. gen. n. sp.19
Eobatrachus agilis n. gen. n. sp.19 Marsh 1887 frog
YPM 1862
Mammalia
 Mammalia -
Mammalia indet.23 mammal
AMNH 104926
  - Amphidontidae
Amphidon superstes n. gen. n. sp.26
Amphidon superstes n. gen. n. sp.26 Simpson 1925 mammal
YPM 13638 (holotype partial right mandible)
 Multituberculata - Allodontidae
"Allodon fortis n. sp." = Psalodon fortis19, Psalodon marshi n. sp.30, "Ctenacodon potens n. sp." = Psalodon potens19, "Ctenacodon serratus n. gen. n. sp." = Ctenacodon serratus14, "Ctenacodon nanus n. sp." = Ctenacodon serratus17, Ctenacodon scindens n. sp.30, "Allodon laticeps n. gen. n. sp." = Ctenacodon laticeps17
"Allodon fortis n. sp." = Psalodon fortis19 Marsh 1887 multituberculate
YPM 11760 (holotype right premaxilla)
Psalodon marshi n. sp.30 Simpson 1929 multituberculate
USNM 2684 (holotype left mandible), USNM 2687, 2690, 13669, 2679
"Ctenacodon potens n. sp." = Psalodon potens19 Marsh 1887 multituberculate
YPM 11834 (holotype right upper jaw), YPM 10363, USNM 2680, AMNH 3003
"Ctenacodon serratus n. gen. n. sp." = Ctenacodon serratus14 Marsh 1879 multituberculate
YPM 11833 (holotype right mandible); YPM 13668, USNM 2688 (mandibles)
"Ctenacodon nanus n. sp." = Ctenacodon serratus17 Marsh 1879 multituberculate
YPM 11832 (holotype left mandible)
Ctenacodon scindens n. sp.30 Simpson 1928 multituberculate
YPM 10366 (holotype left mandible)
"Allodon laticeps n. gen. n. sp." = Ctenacodon laticeps17 Marsh 1881 multituberculate
YPM 11761 (holotype left maxilla), USNM 2681, 2682 (partial left maxilla)
 Multituberculata - Plagiaulacidae
Plagiaulacidae indet.23 Gill 1872 multituberculate
AMNH 104795
 Theriamorpha - Amphilestidae
"Phascolodon gidleyi n. gen. n. sp." = Comodon gidleyi25, Aploconodon comoensis n. gen. n. sp.25
"Phascolodon gidleyi n. gen. n. sp." = Comodon gidleyi25 Simpson 1925 mammal
USNM 2703 (holotype partial left mandible)
Aploconodon comoensis n. gen. n. sp.25 Simpson 1925 mammal
USNM 2791 (partial right mandible)
 Theriamorpha - Tinodontidae
"Tinodon lepidus n. sp." = Tinodon lepidus14, "Menacodon rarus n. gen. n. sp." = Tinodon lepidus19, "Tinodon bellus n. gen. n. sp." = Tinodon bellus21, "Amphidon aequicrurius n. sp." = Tinodon bellus26
"Tinodon lepidus n. sp." = Tinodon lepidus14 Marsh 1879 mammal
YPM 11845 (holotype left mandible)
"Menacodon rarus n. gen. n. sp." = Tinodon lepidus19 Marsh 1879 mammal
USNM 2131 (holotype left mandible)
"Tinodon bellus n. gen. n. sp." = Tinodon bellus21 Marsh 1879 mammal
YPM 11843 (holotype right mandible), 13644 (left mandible) listed by Simpson 1929
"Amphidon aequicrurius n. sp." = Tinodon bellus26 Marsh 1879 mammal
YPM 13639 (holotype partial right maxilla)
 Theriamorpha - Paurodontidae
Archaeotrigon sp.30, Archaeotrigon brevimaxillus n. gen. n. sp.29, "Tanaodon agilis n. gen. n. sp." = Tathiodon agilis29, Paurodon valens n. gen. n. sp.19
Archaeotrigon sp.30 Simpson 1927 mammal
YPM 13642 (mandible with last M)
Archaeotrigon brevimaxillus n. gen. n. sp.29 Simpson 1927 mammal
USNM 2793
"Tanaodon agilis n. gen. n. sp." = Tathiodon agilis29 Simpson 1927 mammal
YPM 13649 (holotype left mandible)
Paurodon valens n. gen. n. sp.19 Marsh 1887 mammal
USNM 2143 (holotype left mandible)
 Theriamorpha - Dryolestidae
Dryolestidae indet.30, Euthlastus cordiformis n. gen. n. sp.29, Melanodon oweni n. gen. n. sp.29, "Dryolestes gracilis n. sp." = Amblotherium debilis17, "Stylacodon gracilis n. gen. n. sp." = Amblotherium gracilis15, "Laodon venustus n. gen. n. sp." = Amblotherium gracilis19, Pelicopsis dubius n. gen. n. sp.29, "Dryolestes arcuatus n. sp." = Herpetairus arcuatus14, Laolestes sp.30, "Melanodon goodrichi n. sp." = Laolestes goodrichi30, Laolestes eminens n. gen. n. sp.29, Miccylotyrans minimus n. gen. n. sp.29, Comotherium richi23, "Dryolestes priscus n. gen. n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus13, "Laolestes grandis n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus30, "Stylacodon validus n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus16, "? Herpetairus humilis n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus30, "Asthenodon segnis n. gen. n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus19, Dryolestes vorax n. sp.21, Malthacolestes osborni n. gen. n. sp.30
Dryolestidae indet.30 Marsh 1879 mammal
Euthlastus cordiformis n. gen. n. sp.29 Simpson 1927 mammal
YPM 13755 (holotype right maxilla)
Melanodon oweni n. gen. n. sp.29 Simpson 1927 mammal
YPM 10663 (holotype partial right maxilla)
"Dryolestes gracilis n. sp." = Amblotherium debilis17 Marsh 1881 mammal
AMNH 101134, and specimens listed by Simpson (1929): YPM 11821 (holotype left mandible), YPM 13728, 13730, 13734, USNM 2726 (mandibles)
"Stylacodon gracilis n. gen. n. sp." = Amblotherium gracilis15 Marsh 1879 mammal
Specimens listed by Simpson (1929): YPM 11883 (holotype left mandible), USNM 2693, YPM 13731-13733 (mandibles)
"Laodon venustus n. gen. n. sp." = Amblotherium gracilis19 Marsh 1879 mammal
USNM 2142 (holotype left mandible)
Pelicopsis dubius n. gen. n. sp.29 Simpson 1927 mammal
YPM 13754 (holotype right maxilla)
"Dryolestes arcuatus n. sp." = Herpetairus arcuatus14 Marsh 1879 mammal
Listed by Simpson (1929): YPM 11822 (holotype maxilla), YPM 13740 (neotype maxilla), YPM 13739, 13742, 13741, 13743, 13744, 13746, 13747, USNM 2724, 2762, 2800, 2818, 2845
Laolestes sp.30 Simpson 1927 mammal
USNM 2862 (anterior part of left mandible with I1-4, C, and P2, figured as Asthenodon segnis by Marsh (1887, pl. 9, fig. 6)
"Melanodon goodrichi n. sp." = Laolestes goodrichi30 Simpson 1929 mammal
YPM 13738 (holotype partial right maxilla)
Laolestes eminens n. gen. n. sp.29 Simpson 1927 mammal
YPM 13719 (holotype left mandible);YPM 10662, USNM 2727 etc. (listed by Simpson 1929) AMNH 104827
Miccylotyrans minimus n. gen. n. sp.29 Simpson 1927 mammal
USNM 2754 (holotype left upper jaw)
Comotherium richi23 Prothero 1981 mammal
AMNH 104826
"Dryolestes priscus n. gen. n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus13 Marsh 1878 mammal
YPM 11820 (holotype partial right mandible); USNM 2772 (neotype right mandible)
"Laolestes grandis n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus30 Marsh 1878 mammal
YPM 13727 (holotype partial right mandible)
"Stylacodon validus n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus16 Marsh 1878 mammal
YPM 11884 (holotype right mandible)
"? Herpetairus humilis n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus30 Marsh 1878 mammal
YPM 13745 (holotype left maxilla)
"Asthenodon segnis n. gen. n. sp." = Dryolestes priscus19 Marsh 1878 mammal
YPM 10646 (holotype right mandible
Dryolestes vorax n. sp.21 Marsh 1879 mammal
Malthacolestes osborni n. gen. n. sp.30 Simpson 1927 mammal
YPM 13751 (holotype partial right maxilla)
 Pantotheria - Dicrocynodontidae
"Enneodon crassus n. gen. n. sp." = Ennacodon crassus19
"Enneodon crassus n. gen. n. sp." = Ennacodon crassus19 Marsh 1887 mammal
USNM 2130 (holotype right mandible)
 Eutriconodonta - Triconodontidae
"Tinodon robustus n. sp." = Priacodon robustus14, Priacodon lulli n. sp.25, "Tinodon ferox n. sp." = Priacodon ferox19, Priacodon grandaevus n. sp.25, "Triconodon bisulcus n. sp." = Trioracodon bisulcus16
"Tinodon robustus n. sp." = Priacodon robustus14 Marsh 1879 mammal
YPM 11846 (holotype left mandible), 10343 (mandible)
Priacodon lulli n. sp.25 Simpson 1925 mammal
YPM 13625 (holotype right maxilla) and YPM 10359 (right maxilla)
"Tinodon ferox n. sp." = Priacodon ferox19 Marsh 1880 mammal
Priacodon grandaevus n. sp.25 Simpson 1925 mammal
YPM 10349 (holotype left maxilla) and USNM 2698
"Triconodon bisulcus n. sp." = Trioracodon bisulcus16 Marsh 1880 mammal
3 specimens originally listed, 4 by Simpson (1925): YPM 10345, 10340, 13636, and 11851 (holotype); YPM 10344 and USNM 2699 (left maxillae) added by Simpson (1925, part 2)
Osteichthyes
 Docodonta - Docodontidae
"Enneodon affinis n. sp." = Docodon affinis19, Docodon superus n. sp.30, Docodon striatus n. gen. n. sp.17, "Diplocynodon victor n. gen. n. sp." = Docodon victor16
"Enneodon affinis n. sp." = Docodon affinis19 Marsh 1887 dodocont
USNM 2129 (holotype left mandible)
Docodon superus n. sp.30 Simpson 1929 dodocont
YPM 10647 (holotype right maxilla)
Docodon striatus n. gen. n. sp.17 Marsh 1881 dodocont
Including YPM 11823 (holotype right mandible)
"Diplocynodon victor n. gen. n. sp." = Docodon victor16 Marsh 1880 dodocont
YPM 11826 (holotype right mandible)
Reptilia
 Squamata - Paramacellodidae
Paramacellodus sp.24 Hoffstetter 1967 squamates
Paramacellodus sp.23 Hoffstetter 1967 squamates
 Squamata - Dorsetisauridae
Dorsetisaurus sp.24 Hoffstetter 1967 squamates
 Choristodera - Cteniogenyidae
Cteniogenys antiquus n. gen. n. sp.8
Cteniogenys antiquus n. gen. n. sp.8 Gilmore 1928 choristodere
USNM 6134
 Eosuchia - Sphenodontidae
Theretairus antiquus n. gen. n. sp.27
Theretairus antiquus n. gen. n. sp.27 Simpson 1926 lepidosaur
YPM 13764
 Eosuchia -
Opisthias rarus n. sp.6 Gilmore 1909 lepidosaur
 Sauria -
 Loricata - Goniopholididae
Goniopholis sp.28 Owen 1842 crocodilian
 Loricata -
Macelognathus vagans n. gen. n. sp.18
Macelognathus vagans n. gen. n. sp.18 Marsh 1884 crocodilian
YPM 1415
 Pterosauria -
Comodactylus ostromi n. gen. n. sp.4, Laopteryx priscus n. gen. n. sp.
Comodactylus ostromi n. gen. n. sp.4 Galton 1981 pterosaur
YPM (holotype), right fourth metacarpal IV
Laopteryx priscus n. gen. n. sp. Marsh 1881 pterosaur
YPM 1800, partial crushed braincase
 Theropoda -
Theropoda indet.28 theropod
"Antrodemus valens" = Allosaurus fragilis7 Marsh 1877 allosauroid
Coelurus fragilis6 Marsh 1879 coelurosaur
YPM 1996–7, 9163; USNM 5809–10, 6624–28
? Stokesosaurus clevelandi2 Madsen 1974 coelurosaur
 Theropoda - Compsognathidae
? Ornitholestes hermanni2 Osborn 1903 compsognathid
 Saurischia - Camarasauridae
"Morosaurus sp." = Camarasaurus28
"Morosaurus sp." = Camarasaurus28 Cope 1877 camarasaurid
 Ornithischia -
"Drinker nisti" = Nanosaurus agilis12, "Drinker nisti" = Nanosaurus agilis1, "Othnielia rex" = Nanosaurus agilis2, "Laosaurus gracilis" = Nanosaurus agilis6, "Laosaurus ? consors" = Nanosaurus agilis28, Laosaurus sp.22, Laosaurus celer n. gen. n. sp.22, "Camptonotus sp." = Camptosaurus22
"Drinker nisti" = Nanosaurus agilis12 Marsh 1877 ornithopod
USNM 5808, femur
"Drinker nisti" = Nanosaurus agilis1 Marsh 1877 ornithopod
teeth; YPM 9524
"Othnielia rex" = Nanosaurus agilis2 Marsh 1877 ornithopod
"Laosaurus gracilis" = Nanosaurus agilis6 Marsh 1877 ornithopod
YPM 9523-9525
"Laosaurus ? consors" = Nanosaurus agilis28 Marsh 1877 ornithopod
AMNH 11526, 14328
Laosaurus sp.22 Marsh 1878 ornithopod
Laosaurus celer n. gen. n. sp.22 Marsh 1878 ornithopod
YPM 1874
"Camptonotus sp." = Camptosaurus22 Marsh 1885 ornithopod
 Ornithischia - Stegosauridae
Stegosauridae indet.5 Marsh 1880 ornithischian
USNM 7474, YPM 1938, AMNH 11524
 Ornithischia -
Ankylosauria indet.5 ankylosaur
YPM 7453
 Testudinata - Pleurosternidae
Glyptops ornatus n. gen. n. sp.20 Marsh 1890 turtle
YPM 1784 (figs. 12-15; type of Glyptops ornatus Marsh, 1890, p. 177, pl. 7, fig. 1; Marsh, 1897, fig. 63; Hay, 1908a, pl. 5 fig. 2), a laterally compressed skull without lower jaws. Locality: Reed's YPM Quarry 9 (mammal quarry), T 22 N, R 77 W, sec. 12, Como Bluff, Wyoming (see Ostrom and McIntosh, 1966, for background, maps, and quarry list). Horizon: Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic. Collector: William H. Reed. YPM 1357 (figured by Marsh as Glyptops ornatus, 1890, pl. 7, fig. 2; Hay, 1908, fig. 18), carapace (not seen). YPM 4742, anterior end of right lower jaw ramus. YPM 4721, fragmentary left dentary. YPM 4717, braincase (fig. 19-22) consisting of basisphenoid, basioccipital, exoccipitals and prootics. YPM 5821, left lower jaw. YPM 2753, left lower jaw. YPM 6077, left epiplastron. NMNH 26370, basioccipital. NMNH 26371, basioccipital.
Glyptops ornatus10 Marsh 1890 turtle
Marsh's collections from Quarry Nine at Como Bluff, Wyoming, and now housed in the Yale Peabody Museum and the National Museum of Natural History contain many turtle shell fragments that can be identified on the basis of ornament as Glyptops plicatulus. This material is uncatalogued and not listed here
Dinochelys whitei23 Gaffney 1979 turtle
YPM 6057, right epiplastron, entoplastron, left hyoplastron, right and left hypoplastra, right and left xiphiplastra, and two left bridge peripherals. YPM 6078, right epiplastron; YPM 6068, costal fragment and two bridge peripherals; YPM 6089, right sixth costal; YPM 6069, left seventh costal and associated neural; various costal fragments: YPM 6056, 6079, 6081, 6084, 6085, 6090, 6092, 6093, 6096; various peripherals: 6070, 6071, 6072, 6073, 6074, 6075, 6080, 6103, 6104, 6106, 6113, 6119
Gnathostomata
  -
Actinopterygii indet.2 ray-finned fish
Osteichthyes
 Halecomorphi - Ophiopsiidae
Ophiopsis sp.23 Agassiz 1834 ray-finned fish
unclassified
  -
Charophyta indet.2 Migula 1890