Huangbanjigou, Chaomidian Village, Jilin University collection (Cretaceous of China)

Where: Liaoning, China (41.6° N, 120.8° E: paleocoordinates 44.1° N, 122.9° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Yixian Formation, Late/Upper Barremian (130.0 - 125.5 Ma)

• The Yixian Formation can be subdivided into five units, in ascending order, Lujiatun unit, Lower Lava, Jianshangou unit, Upper Lava, Dawangzhangzi unit, Jingangshan unit, and Huanghuashan unit. Most of the Jehol fossils from the Yixian Formation are preserved in four beds, that is, the Lujiatun bed (recalculated age is 124.0 ± 1.0/1.3 Ma, He et al., 2006), the Jianshangou bed (125.43 ± 0.50/0.88 Ma, Swisher et al., 1999), the Dawangzhangzi bed, and Jinggangshan bed (~122 Ma, Smith et al., 1995).U-Pb dating suggests that the Huangbanjigou section ranges from 124.9 ± 1.7 Ma to 122.8 ± 1.6 Ma (Yang et al., 2007). Chang et al. (2017) obtained Ar/Ar ages of 125.8 ± 1.0 Ma and 126.0 ± 0.8 Ma from the Lujiatun Unit, the lowest part of the Yixian Formation, below the lacustrine shales.

•He et al. (2004) reported a 40Ar/39Ar age of 120.3 ± 0.7 Ma for a tuff layer in the lower part of the Jiufotang Formation, and Chang et al. (2009) obtained a 40Ar/39Ar age of 122.1 ± 0.3 Ma for a tuff layer from the lowermost part of the Jiufotang Formation. Yu et al. (2021) dated an ash bed just above the Yixian/Jiufotang formation boundary to 122.0 ± 0.9 Ma and three tuff beds from the Xiaotaizi section to 118.9 ± 0.8 Ma, 118.8 ± 0.6 Ma, and 118.6 ± 1.1 Ma. These ages suggest that the Jiufotang Formation in Jianchang Basin was deposited at ca. 122.0–118.9 Ma.

•Olierrok et al. (2019) used a selection of U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology to place the Barremian–Aptian boundary (the base of the Chron M0r) between 123.8 and 121.8 Ma. The GTS 2020 uses an age of 121.4 Ma for the base of the Aptian, and multiproxy orbital tuning gives an age of 120.2 Ma for the Barremian-Aptian boundary (Leandro et al., 2022). Therefore, the Yixian Formation should be entirely Late Barremian, with the Jiufotang Formation deposited in the Early Aptian (or latest Barremian at its base).

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lacustrine - large; lithified, tuffaceous mudstone

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: adpression

Collection methods: Repository: College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University

Primary reference: J. P. Chang. 2004. Some new species of spider and Sacculinidae fossils in Jehol biota. Global Geology 23:313-319 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 148368: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 18.07.2013

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Genus and/or family assignments unreliable (Dunlop et al., 2013)
Insecta
 Odonata - Proterogomphidae
Liaoninglanthus sp.2 Chang and Sun 2006 true dragonfly
CAE02006
Liaoninglanthus latus n. gen. n. sp.2 Chang and Sun 2006 true dragonfly
CAE02003
 Odonata - Gomphidae
Liogomphus yixianensis2 Ren and Guo 1996 clubtail dragonfly
CAE02005
? Gomphus sp.1 Leach 1815 clubtail dragonfly
CAE02007
? Gomphus biconvexus n. sp.1 Chang and Sun 2005 clubtail dragonfly
CAE02020
 Odonata - Aeshnidae
? Aeschna acrodonta n. sp.1 Chang and Sun 2005 hawker dragonfly
CAE02008
Arachnida
 Araneae - Theridiidae
"Theridion" atalus n. sp. Chang 2004 cobweb spider
ZH007
 Araneae - Araneidae
"Araneus" reheensis n. sp. Chang 2004 orb-weaving spider
ZH003
"Araneus" beipiaoensis n. sp. Chang 2004 orb-weaving spider
ZH005
"Araneus" aethus n. sp. Chang 2004 orb-weaving spider
ZH004
"Araneus" liaoxiensis n. sp. Chang 2004 orb-weaving spider
ZH002
 Araneae - Gnaphosidae
"Gnaphosa" liaoningensis n. sp. Chang 2004 spider
ZH006