PBDB Collection

Bitter Creek (Eocene of the United States)

Also known as Zonule 2; Black Buttes

Where: Sweetwater County, Wyoming (41.7° N, 109.0° W: paleocoordinates 46.6° N, 92.6° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

When: Main Body Member (Wasatch Formation), Wasatchian (55.8 - 50.3 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial

Primary reference: C. L. Gazin. 1965. Early Eocene mammalian faunas and their environment in the vicinity of the Rock Springs Uplift, Wyoming. Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook 19:171-180 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]more details

PaleoDB collection 15455: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Arapahovius Paleofaunule includes a locality at the top of the Bitter Creek local section (Turtle Graveyard); however, this is 233.9' above Zonule 2, and Gazin's material was said to be from the "lowest part of the Eocene sequence"; Zonule 2 list of Savage et al. 1972 therefore is incorporated into Gazin's list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Mammalia
Cimolesta - Coryphodontidae	Coryphodon radians Coryphodon radians Cope 1872 pantodont probably includes "Coryphodon" of Savage et al. 1972
Cimolesta - Pentacodontidae	Amaramnis gregoryi n. sp. Amaramnis gregoryi n. sp. Gazin 1962 eutherian see Gazin 1962: Amaramnis also listed by Savage et al. 1972
Cimolesta - Apatemyidae	Apatemys sp.⁵ Apatemys sp.⁵ Marsh 1872 eutherian
Leptictida - Leptictidae	Prodiacodon cf. tauricinerei¹ Prodiacodon cf. tauricinerei¹ Jepsen 1930 eutherian
Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae	Hyopsodus sp.¹, Hyopsodus loomisi Hyopsodus sp.¹ Leidy 1870 condylarth Hyopsodus loomisi McKenna 1960 condylarth probably includes "Hyopsodus" of Savage et al. 1972
Rodentia - Ischyromyidae	Paramys excavatus Paramys excavatus Loomis 1907 rodent "Rodentia" listed by Savage et al. 1972
Primates - Paromomyidae	Phenacolemurinae indet.¹ Phenacolemurinae indet.¹ Simpson 1955 primate
Primates - Omomyidae	Omomys sp., Tetonoides pearcei n. gen. n. sp. Omomys sp. Leidy 1869 tarsier Tetonoides pearcei n. gen. n. sp. Gazin 1962 tarsier type is from "Lowest beds of Knight member... 1 1/4 miles south of Bitter Creek Station" (Gazin 1962); ref 6294: probably includes "Tetonoides" of Savage et al. 1972
Primates - Notharctidae	Cantius frugivorus¹, "Pelycodus praetutus n. sp." = Copelemur praetutus Cantius frugivorus¹ Cope 1875 primate "Pelycodus praetutus n. sp." = Copelemur praetutus Gazin 1962 primate ref 6294: may include "Pelycodus" of Savage et al. 1972
Primates - Microsyopidae	"Cynodontomys angustidens" = Microsyops angustidens "Cynodontomys angustidens" = Microsyops angustidens Matthew 1915 primate ref 6294: probably includes "Microsyops" and "Uintasoricinae" of Savage et al. 1972
Acreodi - Mesonychidae	Pachyaena ossifraga Pachyaena ossifraga Cope 1874 condylarth
Ferae - Viverravidae	Viverravus cf. acutus, Didymictis sp.¹ Viverravus cf. acutus Matthew and Granger 1915 placental Didymictis sp.¹ Cope 1875 placental
Ferae -	cf. Vulpavus sp. cf. Vulpavus sp. Marsh 1871 placental probably includes "Miacidae" of Savage et al. 1972
Creodonta - Oxyaenidae	Oxyaena lupina⁴ Oxyaena lupina⁴ Cope 1874 creodont
Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae	Prototomus cf. secundarius¹ Prototomus cf. secundarius¹ Cope 1875 creodont
Artiodactyla - Diacodexeidae	Diacodexis sp.¹ Diacodexis sp.¹ Cope 1882 even-toed ungulate
Tribosphenida - Phenacodontidae	Meniscotherium cf. tapiacitum¹, Phenacodus sp.¹ Meniscotherium cf. tapiacitum¹ Cope 1882 condylarth Phenacodus sp.¹ Cope 1873 condylarth
Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae	Hyracotherium sp. Hyracotherium sp. Owen 1841 odd-toed ungulate large Hyracotherium sp. Gingerich 1991b: "Homogalax primaevus"; presumably includes "Homogalax" of Savage et al. 1972
Perissodactyla - Equidae	"Hyracotherium pernix n. sp." = Arenahippus pernix³ "Hyracotherium pernix n. sp." = Arenahippus pernix³ Marsh 1876 horse Gazin's "H. cf. angustidens"; Hyracotherium listed by Savage et al. 1972
Procreodi - Arctocyonidae	Chriacus sp.⁵ Chriacus sp.⁵ Cope 1883 condylarth
Soricomorpha - Nyctitheriidae	Nyctitheriidae indet.⁵ Nyctitheriidae indet.⁵ Simpson 1928 placental
Tribosphenida - Pantolestoidae	Palaeosinopa incerta² Palaeosinopa incerta² Bown and Schankler 1982 placental
Tribosphenida - Erinaceidae	Adapisoricinae indet.⁵ Adapisoricinae indet.⁵ Schlosser 1887 hedgehog
Macroscelidea - Apheliscidae	Haplomylus speirianus Haplomylus speirianus Cope 1880 elephant shrew probably includes "Haplomylus" of Savage et al. 1972
Tribosphenida - Marsupialia	Marsupialia indet. Marsupialia indet. marsupial "Peratherium": Savage et al. 1972
Multituberculata - Neoplagiaulacidae	cf. Parectypodus sp.⁵ cf. Parectypodus sp.⁵ Jepsen 1930 multituberculate

¹Alroy 2002; ²Bown and Schankler 1982; ³Gingerich 1991; ⁴Gunnell 1998; ⁵Savage et al. 1972