U1356 Unit X 99R (Eocene of Antarctica)

Where: Antarctica (63.3° S, 136.0° E: paleocoordinates 63.9° S, 132.7° E)

• coordinate stated in text

When: Early/Lower Eocene (55.8 - 48.6 Ma)

• The lowermost 110 meters of sediments recovered at IODP Site U1356 (895.5 to 1000.08 meters below sea floor [mbsf], lithostratigraphic Units X and XI) are dated as Early to Middle Eocene in age based on the integration of dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy (Expedition 318 Scientists. Site U1356. in Escutia, C., Brinkhuis, H., Klaus, A., and the Expedition 318 Scientists. Proc. IODP 318 (2011)).

Environment/lithology: shallow subtidal; silty claystone and sandstone

• Based on information from dinocyst assemblages, sediments of Units X and XI were deposited in mid-shelfal settings (Expedition 318 Scientists. Site U1356. in Escutia, C., Brinkhuis, H., Klaus, A., and the Expedition 318 Scientists. Proc. IODP 318 (2011)).
• Unit X (Cores -96R to -100R; 895.5 to 948.8 mbsf) consists of interbedded stratified and massive sandstones, diamictites, silty claystones, and siltstones exhibiting graded bedding and parallel lamination. Intraformational clasts occur abundantly in the fining-upward sandstones. In the lowermost intervals of Unit X, distinctive reddish brown silty claystones are repetitively interbedded at the decimeter- to meter-scale with greenish gray and brown, laminated sandy mudstones

Size class: microfossils

Preservation: original sporopollenin

Collected by IODP

Collection methods: core, chemical, hydrochloric, hydroflouric,

• This research used samples and data provided by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP).

•A total of 145 palynological samples, taken from the Eocene interval of Site U1356 at a resolution of 20-30 cm, were processed using identical protocols at the Institute of Geosciences of Goethe University Frankfurt and the Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology of Utrecht University.

Primary reference: J. Pross, L. Contreras, P. K. Bijl, D. R. Greenwood, S. M. Bohaty, S. Schouten, J. A. Bendle, U. Röhl, L. Tauxe, J. I. Raine, C. E. Huck, T. Flierdt, S. S. R. Jamieson, C. E. Stickley, B. Schootbrugge, C. Escutia, H. Brinkhuis and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program. 2012. Persistent near-tropical warmth on the Antarctic continent during the early Eocene epoch. Nature (488)73-77 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 169267: authorized by Carlos Jaramillo, entered by Carlos Jaramillo on 13.05.2015

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Psilatriporites
  -
Psilatriporites spp. Van der Hammen
Pteridopsida
  -
Cyathidites spp. Couper 1953
Ischyosporites sp. Balme 1957
Ischyosporites sp./Cibotiidites sp.
Polypodiopsida
  - Polypodiaceae
  - Osmundaceae
Baculatisporites spp. Thomson and Pflug 1953
Baculatisporites spp./Osmundacidites spp.
  -
Magnoliopsida
  -
 Coniferales - Podocarpaceae
Phyllocladidites mawsonii Cookson 1947 podocarp
Dacrycarpites sp. Cookson and Pike 1953 podocarp
Dacrydiumites spp. Harris 1965 podocarp
Podocarpidites spp. Cookson 1947 podocarp
Angiospermae
 Gunnerales -
Tricolpites sp. Couper 1953
 Proteales - Proteaceae
 Fagales -
Nothofagidites cf. emarcidus
N cf. emarcidus complex
Nothofagidites spp. Potonié 1960
Nothofagidites flemingii Potonie 1960
N. flemingii complex
Nothofagidites lachlaniae Pocknall and Mildenhall 1984
N. lachlaniae complex
Nothofagidites asperus Cookson 1958
N. asperus complex
 Fagales - Myricaceae
Dicotyledoneae
 Ericales - Ericaceae
Ericipites sp. Wodehouse 1933 heather
 Myrtales -
Myrtaceidites spp. Cookson and Pike 1960
Psilatricolpites
  -
Psilatricolpites spp. Van der Hammen and Wijmstra 1964
Psilastephanoporites
  -
Psilastephanoporites sp. Regali et al. 1974
Psilamonocolpites
  -
Psilamonocolpites sp. Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966
Including Cycadopites sp.
Psilabrevitricolporites
  -
Psilabrevitricolporites sp. Van der Kaars 1983
Equisetopsida
 Pinidae - Pinidae
Araucariacites spp. Cookson and Couper 1953
Bryopsida
  -
Stereisporites sp. Pflug 1953
Lycopodiopsida
 Selaginellales -
Densoisporites sp. Dettmann 1963 clubmoss
Densoisporites sp./Cingulatisporites sp.
Alisporites
  -
? Alisporites tenuicorpus
Podocarpidites sp./Alisporites tenuicorpus?