Kalamakia (Pleistocene of Greece)

Where: Peloponnesus, Greece (36.7° N, 22.4° E: paleocoordinates 36.7° N, 22.4° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

Environment/lithology: cave; lithology not reported

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: anthropogenic, bone collector

Primary reference: K. Harvati, A. Darlas, S. E. Bailey, T. R. Rein, S. El Zaatari, L. Fiorenza, O. Kullmer and E. Psathi. 2013. New Neanderthal remains from Mani peninsula, Southern Greece: The Kalamakia Middle Paleolithic cave site. Journal of Human Evolution 64(6):486-499 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 184245: authorized by Evangelos Vlachos, entered by Evangelos Vlachos on 10.02.2017

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Chinomys nivalis, cf. Dolichophis caspius
Reptilia
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Testudo marginata, Testudo hermanni
Testudo marginata Schoepff 1792 Marginated tortoise
Testudo hermanni Gmelin 1789 Hermann's tortoise
Aves
 Procellariiformes - Procellariidae
Puffinus puffinus
Puffinus puffinus Brunnich 1764 Manx shearwater
 Passeriformes - Hirundinidae
Hirundo rustica
Hirundo rustica Linnaeus 1758 barn swallow
 Passeriformes - Certhiidae
Certhia sp.
Certhia sp. Linnaeus 1758 perching bird
 Passeriformes - Turdidae
Turdus cf. philomelos
Turdus cf. philomelos Brehm 1831 song thrush
 Passeriformes - Corvidae
Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, cf. Corvus monedula, Corvus corone
Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax Linnaeus 1758 red-billed chough
cf. Corvus monedula Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian jackdaw
Corvus corone Linnaeus 1758 carrion crow
 Passeriformes - Emberizidae
Emberiza citrinella
Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus 1758 yellowhammer
 Caprimulgiformes - Apodidae
Apus apus, Apus cf. pallidus
Apus apus Linnaeus 1758 common swift
Apus cf. pallidus Shelley 1870 pallid swift
 Columbiformes - Columbidae
Columba oenas
Columba oenas Linnaeus 1758 stock dove
Columba livia oenas
 Strigiformes - Strigidae
Otus scops, Strix aluco, Athene noctua
Otus scops Linnaeus 1758 European scops-owl
Strix aluco Linnaeus 1758 tawny owl
Athene noctua Scopoli 1769 little owl
 Charadriiformes - Charadriidae
"Eudromias morinellus" = Charadrius morinellus
"Eudromias morinellus" = Charadrius morinellus Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian dotterel
 Charadriiformes - Laridae
Chlidonias sp.
Chlidonias sp. Rafinesque 1822 gull
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Accipiter nisus
Accipiter nisus Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian sparrowhawk
 Falconiformes - Falconidae
Falco cf. vespertinus
Falco cf. vespertinus Linnaeus 1766 Red-footed falcon
Reptilia
 Galliformes - Phasianidae
Alectoris graeca, Coturnix coturnix
Alectoris graeca Meisner 1804 rock partridge
Coturnix coturnix Linnaeus 1758 common quail
 Squamata - Lacertidae
Lacertidae indet., cf. Podarcis sp., Lacerta sp.
Lacertidae indet. Bonaparte 1831 squamates
cf. Podarcis sp. Wagler 1830 Wall lizards
Lacerta sp. Linnaeus 1758 squamates
 Squamata - Anguidae
Anguis fragilis, Pseudopus sp., Pseudopus cf. apodus
Anguis fragilis Linneaus 1758 Slow worm
Pseudopus sp. Merrem 1820 legless lizard
Pseudopus cf. apodus Pallas 1775 European glass lizard
 Squamata - Gekkonidae
Gekkonidae indet., cf. Tarentola sp.
Gekkonidae indet. Gray 1825 gecko
cf. Tarentola sp. Gray 1825 wall gecko
 Squamata - Boidae
Eryx jaculus
Eryx jaculus true sand boa
 Squamata - Crotalidae
Vipera sp.
Vipera sp. Laurenti 1768 pit viper
 Squamata - Natricidae
Natrix natrix
Natrix natrix Linnaeus 1758 water snake
 Squamata - Colubridae
Colubridae indet., Elaphe quatorlineata, Coronella sp., Coronella cf. austriaca, cf. Telescopus sp., Hierophis gemonensis, Malpolon sp., Malpolon insignitus, Malpolon monspessulanus, Zamenis cf. situla, Zamenis longissima
Colubridae indet. Oppel 1811 colubrid snake
Elaphe quatorlineata colubrid snake
Coronella sp. Laurenti 1768 colubrid snake
Coronella cf. austriaca Laurenti 1768 smooth snake
cf. Telescopus sp. Waner 1830 tiger snake
Hierophis gemonensis colubrid snake
Malpolon sp. Fitzinger 1826 colubrid snake
Malpolon insignitus colubrid snake
Malpolon monspessulanus Hermann 1804 Montpellier snake
Zamenis cf. situla colubrid snake
Zamenis longissima colubrid snake
 Squamata - Scincidae
Scincidae indet., Ablepharus sp.
Scincidae indet. Gray 1825 skink
Ablepharus sp. Lichtenstein 1823 skink
Mammalia
 Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Myotis sp., Myotis blythii
Myotis sp. Kaup 1829 vesper bat
Myotis blythii vesper bat
 Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus sp.
Rhinolophus sp. Lacépède 1799 horseshoe bat
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Palaeoloxodon antiquus
Palaeoloxodon antiquus Falconer and Cautley 1847 elephant
 Carnivora - Canidae
Vulpes vulpes, Canis lupus
Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus 1758 red fox
Canis lupus Linnaeus 1758 gray wolf
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Martes sp., Mustela sp.
Martes sp. Frisch 1775 marten
Mustela sp. Linnaeus 1758 weasel
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus arctos
Ursus arctos Linnaeus 1758 brown bear
 Carnivora - Felidae
Felis silvestris, Lynx lynx
Felis silvestris Schreber 1777 wildcat
Lynx lynx Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian lynx
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Stephanorhinus sp.
Stephanorhinus sp. Kretzoi 1942 rhinoceros
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Sus scrofa
Sus scrofa Linnaeus 1758 wild boar
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Dama dama, Cervus elaphus, Capreolus capreolus
Dama dama Linnaeus 1758 fallow deer
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758 red deer
Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus 1758 European roe deer
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Capra ibex, Bos primigenius
Capra ibex Linnaeus 1758 Alpine ibex
Bos primigenius Bojanus 1827 ox
 Tribosphenida - Erinaceidae
Erinaceus sp.
Erinaceus sp. Linnaeus 1758 hedgehog
 Soricomorpha - Talpidae
Talpa sp.
Talpa sp. Linnaeus 1758 mole
 Soricomorpha - Soricidae
Crocidura suaveolens
Crocidura suaveolens Pallas 1811 white-toothed shrew
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Lepus europaeus
Lepus europaeus Pallas 1778 European hare
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Sciurus vulgaris
Sciurus vulgaris Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian red squirrel
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Cricetulus migratorius, Chionomys nivalis, Microtus thomasi, Microtus guentheri, Microtus arvalis
Cricetulus migratorius Pallas 1773 rodent
Chionomys nivalis Martins 1842 vole
Microtus guentheri Danford and Alston 1880 Günther's vole
Microtus arvalis Pallas 1779 common vole
 Rodentia - Muridae
Apodemus sp., Apodemus mystacinus
Apodemus sp. Kaup 1829 Eurasian field mouse
Apodemus mystacinus Danford and Alston 1877 Eastern broad-toothed field mouse
 Rodentia - Gliridae
"Myoxus glis" = Glis glis, "Glis glis" = Glis glis
"Myoxus glis" = Glis glis Linnaeus 1766 edible doormouse
"Glis glis" = Glis glis Linnaeus 1766 edible doormouse
 Primates - Hominidae
Homo neanderthalensis
Homo neanderthalensis King 1864 Neanderthal
Amphibia
 Salientia - Ranidae
Rana sp.
Rana sp. Linnaeus 1758 frog
 Salientia - Bufonidae
Bufo bufo, Bufotes viridis
Bufo bufo Linnaeus 1758 toad
Bufotes viridis Laurenti 1768 toad