PBDB Collection

Bridge Ranch, Normanna (Miocene of the United States)

Also known as Lapara Creek fauna; Site 17; Bridge Estate; TMM 31132, WPA, Work Project No. 12510

Where: Bee County, Texas (28.6° N, 97.7° W: paleocoordinates 29.0° N, 95.3° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Lapara Member (Goliad Formation), Clarendonian (12.5 - 9.4 Ma)

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; massive sandstone and yellow, calcareous claystone

• "interbedded heavy cross-bedded sands and buff calcareous clays"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by WPA in 1941; reposited in the TMM

Collection methods: surface (in situ),

Primary reference: E. H. Sellards. 1941. Final report covering the period from March 4, 1939 ro September 30, 1941 for the state-wide paleontologic-mineralogic survey in Texas. A Federal Works Agency Work Projects Administration Project iii-85 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 18610: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 27.09.1993, edited by Jonathan Marcot, Evangelos Vlachos and Matthew Carrano

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• apparently lower than TMM 30896 and TMM 31081 as 1) it is said to be "older" by Tedford et al. 1987, and 2) the latter faunas are said to be near the top of the member
any Teleoceras is T. cf. major: Prothero and Manning 1987

Show authors, comments, and common names

Actinopteri
Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae	Lepisosteus sp.⁶ Lepisosteus sp.⁶ Agassiz 1843 gar TMM 31132-457
Reptilia
Testudines - Trionychidae	Apalone sp.⁶ Apalone sp.⁶ Rafinesque 1832 softshell turtle
Testudines - Testudinidae	Hesperotestudo sp.⁶ Hesperotestudo sp.⁶ Williams 1950 turtle TMM 31132-82 dermal ossicle, -460 humerus, -770 carapace and plastron fragments
Testudines - Emydidae	Emydidae indet.⁶, cf. Terrapene sp.⁶ Emydidae indet.⁶ Rafinesque 1815 turtle TMM 31132-774 plastron fragments cf. Terrapene sp.⁶ Merrem 1820 box turtle TMM 31132-811, carapace fragment
Crocodylia - Alligatoridae	Alligator cf. mississippiensis⁶ Alligator cf. mississippiensis⁶ Daudin 1801 American alligator
Aves
Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae	cf. Mycteria sp.⁶ cf. Mycteria sp.⁶ Linnaeus 1758 stork
Mammalia
Carnivora - Amphicyonidae	Amphicyoninae indet.¹², Ischyrocyon gidleyi⁶ Amphicyoninae indet.¹² Trouessart 1885 bear-dog Ischyrocyon gidleyi⁶ Matthew 1902 bear-dog TMM 31132-29 M2, -259 M1, -328 M2, -412 P4
Carnivora - Canidae	Aelurodon taxoides⁶, Aelurodon taxoides¹² Aelurodon taxoides⁶ Hatcher 1894 bone-crushing dog TMM 31132-12 canine, -165 canine, -458 left dentary with c, p2-4, m1-2, -478 incisor, -787 canine Aelurodon taxoides¹² Hatcher 1894 bone-crushing dog confirmed by Wang et al. 1999
Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae	Prosthennops xiphidonticus⁶ Prosthennops xiphidonticus⁶ peccary
Artiodactyla - Protoceratidae	Protoceratinae indet.¹⁰, Synthetoceras tricornatus⁷ Protoceratinae indet.¹⁰ protoceratid Synthetoceras tricornatus⁷ Stirton 1932 protoceratid
Artiodactyla - Gelocidae	Pseudoceras skinneri⁶ Pseudoceras skinneri⁶ Frick 1937 ruminant TMM 31132-4 partial dentary with dp4, -331 partial left dentary with m2-m3
Artiodactyla - Dromomerycidae	Cranioceras teres⁶ Cranioceras teres⁶ Cope 1874 ruminant
Artiodactyla - Antilocapridae	Ramoceros ramosus⁶ Ramoceros ramosus⁶ Cope 1874 pronghorn
Artiodactyla - Camelidae	Protolabis coartatus¹, Procamelus occidentalis⁷, Megatylopus sp. Protolabis coartatus¹ Stirton 1929 camel Procamelus occidentalis⁷ Leidy 1858 camel Megatylopus sp. Matthew and Cook 1909 camel
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Merychippus sp., Hipparion tehonense⁶, Neohipparion affine³, "Nannippus cf. ingenuum" = Cormohipparion ingenuum⁵, Hippotherium sp.¹, Pseudhipparion curtivallum¹¹, Dinohippus subvenus n. sp.⁹, Calippus regulus², Calippus placidus⁴, Calippus martini⁴, Protohippus supremus¹, Pliohippus sp., Hypohippus affinis² Merychippus sp. Leidy 1856 horse Hipparion tehonense⁶ Merriam 1916 hipparionine horse TMM 31132-22 M1, -731 M Neohipparion affine³ Leidy 1869 hipparionine horse "Nannippus cf. ingenuum" = Cormohipparion ingenuum⁵ Leidy 1885 hipparionine horse Hippotherium sp.¹ Kaup 1832 hipparionine horse Pseudhipparion curtivallum¹¹ Quinn 1955 hipparionine horse Dinohippus subvenus n. sp.⁹ Quinn 1955 horse Calippus regulus² Johnston 1937 horse Calippus placidus⁴ Leidy 1869 horse Calippus martini⁴ Hesse 1936 horse Protohippus supremus¹ Leidy 1869 horse Pliohippus sp. Marsh 1874 horse Hypohippus affinis² Leidy 1858 anchitheriine horse
Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae	Teleoceras major⁸ Teleoceras major⁸ Hatcher 1894 rhinoceros
Soricomorpha - Talpidae	cf. Domninoides sp.⁶ cf. Domninoides sp.⁶ Green 1956 mole TMM 31132-531 partial left humerus
Rodentia - Mylagaulidae	"Ceratogaulus cf. rhinoceros" = Ceratogaulus rhinocerus⁶ "Ceratogaulus cf. rhinoceros" = Ceratogaulus rhinocerus⁶ Matthew 1902 rodent
Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae	cf. Gomphotherium sp.⁶ cf. Gomphotherium sp.⁶ Burmeister 1837 gomphothere

¹Alroy 2002; ²Forsten 1975; ³Hulbert 1987; ⁴Hulbert 1988; ⁵Hulbert 1988; ⁶May 2019; ⁷Patton 1969; ⁸Prothero 2005; ⁹Quinn 1955; ¹⁰Webb 2008; ¹¹Webb and Hulbert 1986; ¹²Wilson 1960