Sam Houston (Miocene of the United States)

Also known as Cold Spring fauna; TMM 31191; TAM 38 (in part)

Where: San Jacinto County, Texas (30.5° N, 95.0° W: paleocoordinates 31.0° N, 92.0° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

When: Fleming Formation, Barstovian (16.3 - 12.5 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Reposited in the TMM

Primary reference: C. J. Hesse. 1943. A Preliminary Report on the Miocene Vertebrate Faunas of Southeast Texas. Transactions of the Texas Academy of Sciences 26:157-179 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 18637: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 27.09.1993

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• stratigraphic equivalent of Cold Spring according to Hesse, but said to be "toward the top of the exposed section" and only .5 mile from Cold Spring; Tedford et al. 1987 indicate it is stratigraphically higher
"16 specimens"
Mammalia
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotherium sp.1 Burmeister 1837 gomphothere
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Merychippus gunteri2 Simpson 1930 horse
Calippus proplacidus3 Osborn 1918 horse
Calippus circulus n. sp.3 Quinn 1955 horse
may include "Merychippus perditus"
Hipparionini indet.2 Quinn 1955 hipparionine horse
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Teleoceras meridianum4 Leidy 1865 rhinoceros
"Aphelops sp. (large)"
 Artiodactyla - Protoceratidae
Prosynthetoceras sp. Frick 1937 protoceratid
 Artiodactyla -
 Artiodactyla - Moschidae
Blastomerycinae indet.1 Frick 1937 musk deer
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Camelidae indet., "Alticamelus sp." = Aepycamelus
Camelidae indet. Gray 1821 camel
small
"Alticamelus sp." = Aepycamelus Macdonald 1956 camel
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Tayassuidae indet. Palmer 1897 peccary
"Prosthennops"
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyon longiramus6 White 1942 bear-dog
"Amphicyonine"
 Carnivora - Canidae
Aelurodon ferox5 Leidy 1858 bone-crushing dog