Hutchinson Island beach fill (Pleistocene of the United States)

Where: St. Lucie County, Florida (27.5° N, 80.5° W: paleocoordinates 27.5° N, 80.5° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Okeechobee Formation, Middle Pleistocene (0.8 - 0.1 Ma)

• The vertebrate fossil layer at DCP lies just below the Anastasia Formation and was the lowest stratum regularly exposed above water. While its lower boundary was not measured, this layer was only a few meters thick (Herrera et al., 2006). Electron spin resonance optical dating has confirmed these suspicions; a sample of siliciclastic sediments from just above the vertebrate fossil layer, at a depth of 11.5 m, was dated at 730-430 ka (0.73-0.43 Ma; Burdette et al., 2013). Strata below the vertebrate fossil layer occasionally were exposed at DCP. Petuch (2004) measured some sections and believed that these lower layers corresponded to the late Pliocene to early Pleistocene Nashua ‘formation.’ Burdette et al. (2013) dated a sample from those low layers (depth 14 m) at 1.37-0.61 Ma. If these age assessments are correct, then the fossil layer is certainly older than typical facies of the Anastasia Formation and should be included in Scott’s Okeechobee Formation.

Environment/lithology: mire or swamp; unlithified sandstone

• A drowned tidal creek or marsh covered during an interglacial marine transgression, perhaps during the high sea level stand of 10+ m at ca. 400 ka (Marine Isotope Stage 11)

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: J. A. Kilmer and D. W. Steadman. 2016. A middle Pleistocene bird community from Saint Lucie County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 55:1-38 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 195049: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 14.07.2018

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Aves
 Gruiformes - Gruidae
Grus sp. Brisson 1760 crane
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
Fulica americana Gmelin 1789 American coot
 Strigiformes - Strigidae
Bubo virginianus Gmelin 1788 great horned owl
Strix varia Barton 1799 barred owl
 Psittaciformes - Psittacidae
Conuropsis carolinensis Linnaeus 1758 Carolina parakeet
 Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae
Podilymbus podiceps Linnaeus 1758 pied-billed grebe
 Anseriformes - Anatidae
"Anas cf. americana" = Mareca americana, Aythya collaris, Aix sponsa, Anas sp., "Anas discors" = Spatula discors
"Anas cf. americana" = Mareca americana Gmelin 1789 American wigeon
Aythya collaris Donovan 1809 ring-necked duck
Aix sponsa Linnaeus 1758 wood duck
Anas sp. Linnaeus 1758 dabbling duck
Anas cf. platyrhynchos or rubripes
"Anas discors" = Spatula discors Linnaeus 1766 blue-winged teal
 Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocorax sp. Brisson 1760 cormorant
Phalacrocorax carbo Linnaeus 1758 great cormorant
Phalacrocorax cf. auritus Lesson 1831 double-crested cormorant
 Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae
Ciconia maltha Miller 1910 asphalt stork
 Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Nyctanassa violacea Linnaeus 1758 yellow-crowned night heron
 Procellariiformes - Diomedeidae
Phoebastria cf. albatrus Pallas 1769 short-tailed albatross
 Galliformes - Phasianidae
Meleagris cf. gallopavo Linnaeus 1758 wild turkey
 Charadriiformes - Alcoidae
Pinguinus impennis Linnaeus 1758 Great auk
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Haliaeetus leucocephalus Linnaeus 1766 bald eagle
Buteo lineatus Gmelin 1788 red-shouldered hawk