PBDB Collection

Sand Draw Quarry ( of the United States)

Also known as UNSM Sand Draw locality; Frick Prospecting Locality 277; Magill; Owl Pellet; UM-Neb. sites 1-66, 2-66, 2-67, 4-67, 5-67, 1-68

Where: Brown County, Nebraska (42.7° N, 100.0° W: paleocoordinates 42.8° N, 99.3° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Blancan (4.9 - 1.8 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: P. O. McGrew. 1944. An Early Pleistocene (Blancan) fauna from Nebraska. Geological Series, Field Museum of Natural History 9(2):31-66 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/C. Bell]more details

PaleoDB collection 19963: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993, edited by Jonathan Marcot and Evangelos Vlachos

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• from a single 26 ft interval
list updated and extended by Skinner and Hibbard 1972
"Equus cf. conversidens": specimen is from an indeterminate horizon

Show authors, comments, and common names

Reptilia
Squamata - Colubridae	Nerodia sp.², Heterodon platyrhinos³, Thamnophis sp.³ Nerodia sp.² Baird and Girard 1853 water snake Heterodon platyrhinos³ Latreille 1801 eastern hognosed snake Thamnophis sp.³ Fitzinger 1843 garter snake
Testudines - Testudinidae	"Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) oelrichi" = Hesperotestudo turgida⁵, "Caudochelys sp." = Hesperotestudo⁹ "Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) oelrichi" = Hesperotestudo turgida⁵ Cope 1892 turtle paratypes "Caudochelys sp." = Hesperotestudo⁹ Williams 1950 turtle possibly johnstoni
Testudines - Kinosternoidea	Kinosternon flavescens⁴ Kinosternon flavescens⁴ Agassiz 1857 Yellow mud turtle
Mammalia
Rodentia - Geomyidae	Geomys quinni Geomys quinni McGrew 1944 pocket gopher
Rodentia - Castoridae	Procastoroides sweeti, Dipoides rexroadensis Procastoroides sweeti Barbour and Schultz 1937 beaver Dipoides rexroadensis Hibbard and Riggs 1949 beaver
Rodentia - Sciuridae	Spermophilus meltoni, Spermophilus johnstoni, Spermophilus boothi Spermophilus meltoni Hibbard 1972 ground squirrel Spermophilus johnstoni Hibbard 1972 ground squirrel Spermophilus boothi Hibbard 1972 ground squirrel
Rodentia - Cricetidae	Calomys (Bensonomys) meadensis, "Sigmodon medius" = Sigmodon minor, Hibbardomys skinneri n. sp.¹⁰, Peromyscus cf. kansasensis, Pliolemmus antiquus, Ophiomys magilli, Ophiomys fricki, Ondatra meadensis¹, Nebraskomys mcgrewi n. sp., Pliophenacomys primaevus, Neotoma cf. quadriplicata¹¹, Onychomys sp., Ogmodontomys poaphagus Calomys (Bensonomys) meadensis Hibbard 1956 rodent "Sigmodon medius" = Sigmodon minor Gidley 1922 cotton rat Hibbardomys skinneri n. sp.¹⁰ Zakrzewski 1984 rodent Peromyscus cf. kansasensis Hibbard 1941 deer mouse Pliolemmus antiquus Hibbard 1937 rodent Ophiomys magilli Hibbard 1972 vole placed in Ogmodontomys as a lapsus Ophiomys fricki Hibbard 1972 vole Ondatra meadensis¹ Hibbard 1937 muskrat Nebraskomys mcgrewi n. sp. Hibbard 1957 rodent see Hibbard 1957a Pliophenacomys primaevus Hibbard 1937 rodent OK, see Zakrzewski 1984 Neotoma cf. quadriplicata¹¹ Hibbard 1941 pack rat Onychomys sp. Baird 1858 grasshopper mouse Ogmodontomys poaphagus Hibbard 1941 rodent described by Zakrzewski 1967a
Lagomorpha - Leporidae	Leporidae indet. Leporidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 rabbit
Soricomorpha - Soricidae	Planisorex dixonensis, Sorex sandersi Planisorex dixonensis Hibbard 1956 red-toothed shrew Sorex sandersi Hibbard 1956 long-tailed shrew
Soricomorpha - Talpidae	Scalopus aquaticus Scalopus aquaticus Linnaeus 1758 eastern mole
Artiodactyla - Cervidae	Cervidae indet. Cervidae indet. Gray 1821 deer
Artiodactyla - Antilocapridae	Capromeryx tauntonensis⁶ Capromeryx tauntonensis⁶ Morgan and Morgan 1995 pronghorn
Artiodactyla - Camelidae	Hemiauchenia sp.¹, Camelops sp., Gigantocamelus spatulus¹ Hemiauchenia sp.¹ Gervais and Ameghino 1880 camel Camelops sp. Leidy 1854 camel Gigantocamelus spatulus¹ Cope 1893 camel
Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae	Platygonus sp. Platygonus sp. Leconte 1848 peccary
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Equus calobatus, "Equus simplicidens" = Plesippus simplicidens Equus calobatus Troxell 1915 horse "Equus simplicidens" = Plesippus simplicidens Cope 1892 horse
Carnivora - Mephitidae	Buisnictis burrowsi Buisnictis burrowsi Skinner and Hibbard 1972 skunk
Carnivora - Mustelidae	Satherium piscinarium¹, Trigonictis macrodon¹, Trigonictis cookii⁷, Taxidea cf. taxus Satherium piscinarium¹ Leidy 1873 otter Trigonictis macrodon¹ Cope 1868 mustelid carnivore Trigonictis cookii⁷ Gazin 1934 mustelid carnivore from "Booth Draw" loc. 277 Taxidea cf. taxus Schreber 1778 American badger
Carnivora - Felidae	Machairodontinae indet.¹ Machairodontinae indet.¹ Gill 1872 cat
Carnivora - Canidae	Borophagus diversidens, Canis edwardii⁸, Canis lepophagus Borophagus diversidens Cope 1892 bone-crushing dog confirmed by Wang et al. 1999 Canis edwardii⁸ Gazin 1942 canine Canis lepophagus Johnston 1938 canine
Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae	Stegomastodon primitivus Stegomastodon primitivus Osborn 1936 gomphothere

¹Alroy 2002; ²Alroy 2009; ³Brattstrom 1967; ⁴Fichter 1969; ⁵Holman 1972; ⁶Morgan and Morgan 1995; ⁷Ray et al. 1981; ⁸Tedford et al. 2009; ⁹Vlachos 2018; ¹⁰Zakrzewski 1984; ¹¹Zakrzewski 1993