Middle Awash - Adu-Asa fm. (Miocene to of Ethiopia)

Also known as ETE Locality 960, Middle Awash - Adu-Asa fm.,

Where: Ethiopia (10.3° N, 40.3° E: paleocoordinates 9.9° N, 39.7° E)

When: Adu-Asa Formation (Awash Group), Tortonian to Tortonian (11.6 - 3.6 Ma)

• ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: Max age = 9.0 (ignimbrite overlying Chorora fm).Min age = 3.89 +/- .02 (AT-1 or VT-1 in Aramis mbr, Ar/Ar & Ca/K dates). radiometric intage_max, radiometric intage_min

Environment/lithology: fluvial-lacustrine

• ETE sed env 1: fluv_lacustr, ETE sed env 2: . ETE event: ., ETE env comment: deposition fluctuating between fluv and lucustr
• ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: Silts, sands, clays, tuffs, and diatomites.

Collection methods: surface (in situ)

• ETE Size: .; ETE reference list: 576, 575, 492, ; ETE museum list: ENM

Primary reference: J. E. Kalb, M. Jeager, C. J. Jolly and B. Kana. 1982. Preliminary geology and paleoecology of a Sangoan site at Andalee, Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia. Journal of Archaeological Science 9:349-363 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Uhen]more details

PaleoDB collection 22139: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 15.03.1999, edited by Denne Reed

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Rodentia - Hystricidae
Xenohystrix indet.2 Greenwood 1955 porcupine
Hystrix sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 porcupine
Atherurus indet.2 Cuvier 1829 brush-tailed porcupine
 Rodentia - Thryonomyidae
Thryonomys sp.2 Fitzinger 1867 cane rat
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Paraxerus sp.2 Forsyth Major 1893 African Bush Squirrel
 Rodentia - Spalacidae
Tachyoryctes sp.2 Rüppell 1835 mouse
 Rodentia - Muridae
Gerbillinae sp.2 Gray 1825 gerbil
cf. Lemniscomys indet.2 Trouessart 1881 striped grass mouse
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Leporidae sp.2 Fischer de Waldheim 1817 rabbit
Lepus sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 hare
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Colobinae indet.2 Blyth 1875 monkey
Macaca sp.2 Lacépède 1799 macaque
Parapapio cf. lothagamensis2 Leakey et al. 2003 monkey
 Primates - Hominidae
Ardipithecus kadabba1 Haile-Selassie et al. 2004 ape
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
Diceros sp.2 Gray 1821 black rhino
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equidae indet.2 Gray 1821 horse
Hipparion sp. de Christol 1832 hipparionine horse
Eurygnathohippus sp.2 Van Hoepen 1930 hipparionine horse
Eurygnathohippus turkanense2 Hooijer and Maglio 1974 hipparionine horse
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
"Cainochoerus cf. africanus" = Pecarichoerus africanus2
"Cainochoerus cf. africanus" = Pecarichoerus africanus2 Hendy 1976 peccary
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Nyanzachoerus australis2, Nyanzachoerus sp.2, "Nyanzachoerus cf. devauxi" = Propotamochoerus devauxi2, "Nyanzachoerus cf. waylandi" = Sus waylandi2, "Nyanzachoerus syrticus" = Sivachoerus syrticus2
Nyanzachoerus sp.2 Leakey 1958 pig
originally entered as "Nyanzachoerus indet."
"Nyanzachoerus cf. devauxi" = Propotamochoerus devauxi2 Arambourg 1968 pig
"Nyanzachoerus cf. waylandi" = Sus waylandi2 Cooke and Coryndon 1970 pig
"Nyanzachoerus syrticus" = Sivachoerus syrticus2 Leonardi 1954 pig
 Artiodactyla - Hippopotamidae
"Hexaprotodon cf. harvardi" = Archaeopotamus harvardi2, Hexaprotodon sp.
"Hexaprotodon cf. harvardi" = Archaeopotamus harvardi2 Coryndon 1977 hippopotamus
Hexaprotodon sp. Falconer and Cautley 1836 pygmy hippo
ETE occurrence; species: large
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
Gazella sp.2 Blaineville 1816 gazelle
Raphicerus sp.2 Smith 1827 antelope
originally entered as "Raphiceras sp."
Madoqua sp.2 Ogilby 1837 dikdik
"Kobus aff. porrecticornis" = Antilope porrecticornis2 Lydekker 1878 antelope
Hippotragini indet.2 Sundevall 1845 antelope
Reduncini indet. Knottnerus-Meyer 1907 antelope
Kobus sp.2 Smith 1840 antelope
Kobus subdolus2 Gentry 1980 antelope
Tragelaphus sp.2 de Blainville 1816 antelope
Bovini indet.2 Gray 1821 antelope
"Simatherium aff. demissum" = Ugandax demissum2 Gentry 1980 antelope
Boselaphini indet. Knottnerus-Meyer 1997 antelope
Tragoportax sp.2 Pilgrim 1937 antelope
originally entered as "Tragaportax sp."
 Artiodactyla - Giraffidae
Giraffa sp.2 Brisson 1762 giraffe
Sivatherium sp.2 Falconer and Cautley 1836 giraffe
Palaeotragus sp.2 Gaudry 1861 giraffe
 Carnivora - Felidae
Felidae indet.2 Gray 1821 cat
Dinofelis sp.2 Zdansky 1924 cat
Machairodus sp.2 Kaup 1833 cat
 Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Hyaenictitherium sp.2 Kretzoi 1938 hyaena
Hyaenictis sp.2 Gaudry 1861 hyaena
 Carnivora - Herpestidae
Helogale aff. kitafe2 dwarf mongoose
Herpestes indet.2 Illliger 1811 mongoose
originally entered as "Hespestes indet."
 Carnivora - Viverridae
Genetta sp.2 Cuvier 1816 civet
Viverra cf. leakeyi2 Petter 1963 civet
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Plesiogulo aff. monspessulanus2 Viret 1939 mustelid carnivore
Lutrinae indet.2 Baird 1857 otter
Enhydriodon sp.2 Falconer 1868 otter
Mellivora aff. benfieldi2 Hendy 1978 ratel
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Agriotherium sp.2 Wagner 1837 bear
 Tubulidentata - Orycteropodidae
Orycteropus sp.2 Geoffroy 1791 aardvark
 Proboscidea - Deinotheriidae
"Deinotherium sp." = Dinotherium2
"Deinotherium sp." = Dinotherium2 Kaup 1825 deinothere
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Anancus indet.2 Aymard 1855 gomphothere
Anancus cf. kenyensis2 MacInnes 1942 gomphothere
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Stegodibelodon schneideri2, "Primelephas cf. gomphotheroides" = Primelephas korotorensis, "Primelephas gomphotheroides" = Primelephas korotorensis2, Mammuthus subplanifrons2
Stegodibelodon schneideri2 Coppens 1972 elephant
"Primelephas cf. gomphotheroides" = Primelephas korotorensis Coppens 1965 elephant
"Primelephas gomphotheroides" = Primelephas korotorensis2 Coppens 1965 elephant