Bangmai Coal Mine, Zhongzhai, Lincang (Miocene of China)

Also known as Locality N-27

Where: Yunnan, China (23.9° N, 100.0° E: paleocoordinates 22.9° N, 99.4° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Bangmai Formation, Late/Upper Miocene (11.6 - 5.3 Ma)

• "We consider the Lincang flora from the Bangmai Formation to be of Late Miocene age, i.e. younger than 11.6 Ma and older than 3.8 Ma" (Jacques et al. 2011)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; lithified, carbonaceous mudstone and siltstone

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: mold/impression

Primary reference: F. M. B. Jacques, S.-X. Guo, T. Su, Y.-W. Xing, Y.-J. Huang Liu, D. K. Ferguson, and Z.-K. Zhou. 2011. Quantitative reconstruction of the Late Miocene monsoon climates of southwest China: A case study of the Lincang flora from Yunnan Province. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 304:318-327 [B. Allen/B. Allen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 222695: authorized by Bethany Allen, entered by Bethany Allen on 21.10.2021

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Lumnitzera sp., Shuteria sp., Stranvaesia sp., Toxicodendron sp., Helicteres sp., Tetragonia sp.
Bivalvia
 Pholadomyida - Pachydomidae
Maackia sp.
Maackia sp. Mendes 1954 clam
Polypodiopsida
  - Polypodiaceae
Drynaria propinqua2
Drynaria propinqua2 Wall 1856
 Polypodiales - Polypodiidae
Humata henryana2
Humata henryana2 Baker 1870
 Coniferales - Cupressaceae
Glyptostrobus europaeus, Calocedrus lantenoisi
Glyptostrobus europaeus Brongniart 1833 Chinese swamp cypress
Pinopsida
 Pinales - Pinaceae
Picea sp.1, Pinus sp.1
Picea sp.1 Dietrich 1824 spruce
Pinus sp.1 Linnaeus 1753 pine
Angiospermae
 Austrobaileyales - Schisandraceae
Schisandra sp.
Schisandra sp. Michaux 1803
 Sapindales - Anacardiaceae
Pistacia miochinensis, Rhus sp.
Rhus sp. Linnaeus 1753 sumac
 Sapindales - Rutaceae
Murraya sp., Citrus linczangensis n. sp.4, Zanthoxylum sp.
Murraya sp. König 1771 citrus
Citrus linczangensis n. sp.4 Xie et al. 2013 citrus
Lanzhou University, LUMCD090206-022A&B (holotype)
Zanthoxylum sp. Linnaeus 1753 citrus
 Sapindales - Sapindaceae
Acer trifoliatum1, Koelreuteria sp.
Koelreuteria sp. Laxmann 1772 golden rain tree
 Sapindales - Meliaceae
Aphanamixis sp., Toona bienensis
Aphanamixis sp. Blume mahogany
Toona bienensis mahogany
 Malvales - Sterculiaceae
Reevesia sp., Byttneriophyllum tiliaefolium1
Reevesia sp. Lindley 1827
 Malvales - Malvaceae
Firmiana yunnanensis n. sp.3
Firmiana yunnanensis n. sp.3 Xie and Manchester 2014 mallow
Lanzhou University, MCD090214-035A&B (holotype), MCD090226-002, MCD090226-036, MCD11-0196, MCD11-0206
 Malpighiales - Salicaceae
Populus glandulifera, Populus cf. bonatii1
Populus glandulifera Heer 1856 poplar
Populus cf. bonatii1 Léveillé 1910 poplar
 Celastrales - Celastraceae
Euonymus sp.1
Euonymus sp.1 Linnaeus 1753 spindle tree
 Fabales - Fabaceae
"Milletia sp." = Millettia, Pueraria prethomsonii1, Pueraria yunnanensis1, Albizia sp., Albizia julibrissin1, Albizia miokalkora1, Desmodium sp., Desmodium preracemosum1, Leguminosites chinensis1, Mucuna sp., Dalbergia prehupeana, Dalbergia yunnanensis1, Dalbergia sp.1, Ormosia sp.
"Milletia sp." = Millettia Wight and Arnott 1834 legume
Albizia sp. Durazzini 1772 legume
Albizia julibrissin1 Durazzini 1772 legume
Albizia miokalkora1 Hu and Chaney 1940 legume
Desmodium sp. Desvaux 1813 legume
Mucuna sp. Adanson 1763 legume
Dalbergia sp.1 Linnaeus 1782 legume
Ormosia sp. Jackson 1811 legume
 Fagales - Myricaceae
Myrica esculenta1, Myrica lineata1
Myrica lineata1 bayberry
 Fagales - Juglandaceae
Juglans regia1, Engelhardia sp., Engelhardia cf. colebrookiana1, Engelhardia protoserrata1
Juglans regia1 Linnaeus 1753 walnut
Engelhardia sp. Blume 1825
 Fagales - Betulaceae
Betula mioluminifera, Betula sp.1, Alnus sp.1
Betula sp.1 Linnaeus 1753 birch
Alnus sp.1 Miller 1754 alder
 Fagales - Fagaceae
Quercus sp., Quercus paraschottkyana1, Quercus simulata, "Cyclobalanopsis mandraliscae" = Quercus (Cyclobalanopsis), "Cyclobalanopsis sp." = Quercus (Cyclobalanopsis), Quercus latifolia, Quercus cf. griffithii1, Quercus acutissima1, Castanopsis sp., Castanopsis indica1, Castanopsis ceratacantha1, Lithocarpus renifolius, Lithocarpus sp.
Quercus sp. Linnaeus 1753 oak
Quercus simulata Knowlton 1898 oak
"Cyclobalanopsis mandraliscae" = Quercus (Cyclobalanopsis) ring-cupped oak
"Cyclobalanopsis sp." = Quercus (Cyclobalanopsis) Oersted ring-cupped oak
Quercus latifolia Michaux 1801 oak
Quercus cf. griffithii1 Hooker and Thomson 1864 oak
Quercus acutissima1 Carruthers 1862 oak
Castanopsis sp. Spach 1842 chinquapin
Castanopsis indica1 de Candolle 1863 chinquapin
Castanopsis ceratacantha1 Rehder and Wilson 1916 chinquapin
Lithocarpus sp. Blume 1826
 Rosales - Papilionaceae
Robinia lincangensis n. sp.1, Sophora miojaponica
 Rosales - Pomaceae
Sorbus sp., Sorbus folgneri1
Sorbus sp. Linnaeus 1753
Sorbus folgneri1 Schneider 1906
 Rosales - Rhamnaceae
Alphitonia cf. philippinensis1, Berchemia sp., Berchemia yunnanensis1, Berchemia cf. polyphylla1
Berchemia sp. Necker and de Candolle 1825 buckthorn
Berchemia cf. polyphylla1 Wallich 1875 buckthorn
 Rosales - Rosaceae
Cotoneaster salicifolius1, Photinia sp.
Cotoneaster salicifolius1 Franchet 1885 rose
Photinia sp. Lindley 1820 rose
 Rosales - Ulmaceae
Celtis miobungeana
 Rosales -
Gleditsia miosinensis
 Rosids - Moraceae
Ficus sp., Ficus cf. auriculata1
Ficus sp. Linnaeus 1753 fig
Ficus cf. auriculata1 Loureiro 1790 fig
 Magnoliales - Annonaceae
Uvaria lincangensis n. sp.1
Uvaria lincangensis n. sp.1 custard apple
 Magnoliales - Magnoliaceae
Magnolia sp.1
Magnolia sp.1 Linnaeus 1753 magnolia
 Piperales - Piperaceae
Piper sp.
Piper sp. Linnaeus 1753 pepper
 Gentianales - Loganiaceae
Strychnos cheliensis1
 Gentianales - Rubiaceae
Wendlandia olivacea1
 Lamiales - Oleaceae
Ligustrum lincangensis n. sp.1, Osmanthus prefragrans1
Ligustrum lincangensis n. sp.1 privet
 Dipsacales - Caprifoliaceae
Viburnum sp.
Viburnum sp. Linnaeus 1753 honeysuckle
 Apiales - Pittosporaceae
Pittosporum sp.
Pittosporum sp. Banks 1788 cheesewood
 Aquifoliales - Aquifoliaceae
Ilex sp.
Ilex sp. Linnaeus 1753 holly
 Santalales - Loranthaceae
Loranthus palaeoeuropaeus
 Santalales - Schoepfiaceae
Schoepfia sp.
Schoepfia sp. Schreber 1789
 Saxifragales - Saxifragaceae
Hydrangea lanceolimba
 Proteales - Sabiaceae
Meliosma lincangensis n. sp.1
 Laurales - Lauraceae
Neocinnamomum sp., Nothaphoebe cf. cavaleriei1, Lindera cf. caudata1, Lindera fragrans1, Cinnamomum naitoanum, Cinnamomum sp., Cinnamomum scheuchzeri, Litsea grabaui, Litsea cf. pungens1, Litsea cf. rubescens1, Litsea cubeba1
Neocinnamomum sp. Liu 1934 laurel
Cinnamomum sp. Schaeffer 1760 cinnamon
Cinnamomum scheuchzeri Heer 1856 cinnamon
Litsea cubeba1 Loureiro 1806 laurel
 Liliales - Smilacaceae
Smilax grandifolia
 Poales - Cyperaceae
Cyperacites sp.
Cyperacites sp. Schimper 1870 sedge
Dicotyledoneae
 Primulales - Myrsinaceae
Ardisia virens1
Ardisia virens1 coralberry
 Myrtales - Trapaceae
Trapa sp., Trapa protojaponica1
Trapa sp. Linnaeus 1753 water caltrop
Trapa protojaponica1 water caltrop
 Myrtales - Myrtaceae
Syzygium sp., Syzygium protocumini1
Syzygium sp. Browne and Gaertner 1788 bush cherry
Syzygium protocumini1 bush cherry
 Myrtales - Combretaceae
Terminalia sp.
Terminalia sp. Linnaeus 1767
 Papaverales - Capparidaceae
Capparis sp.
Capparis sp. Linnaeus 1753 caper
 Ericales - Styracaceae
Styrax sp.
Styrax sp. Linnaeus 1753 storax
 Ericales - Sapotaceae
Chrysophyllum sp., Bumelia pseudolycioides
Chrysophyllum sp. Linnaeus 1753
 Ericales - Theaceae
Ternstroemia maekawai
1Liu et al. 1996; 2Wen et al. 2013; 3Xie and Manchester 2014; 4Xie et al. 2013