Also known as ETE Locality 1180, grey marl, Lower Phase I grey breccia, Makapansgat - Mbr. 3,
Where: South Africa (24.2° S, 29.0° E: paleocoordinates 24.4° S, 28.6° E)
When: 14 Member (Makapansgat Formation), Pliocene (5.3 - 2.6 Ma)
• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: "Fauna /paleomag data sugg age =~3.0 Ma,range=3.32 to 2.6 Ma"
Environment/lithology: cave
Collection methods: ETE Size: both; ETE reference list: 955, 954, ; ETE museum list:
Primary reference: E. K. E. Reed, J. W. Kitching, F. E. Grine, W. L. Jungers, and L. Sokoloff. 1993. Proximal femur of Australopithecus africanus from Member 4, Makapansgat, South Africa. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 92(1):1-15 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Uhen]more details
PaleoDB collection 22356: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 23.08.1999, edited by John Damuth
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Reptilia | |
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Pelusios sp. Wagler 1830 sideneck turtle | |
Testudo pardalis turtle
Kinixys sp. Bell 1827 hingeback tortoise | |
Mammalia | |
Orycteropus cf. afer Pallas 1766 aardvark | |
Pachycrocuta brevirostris Gervais 1850 brown hyaena
Hyaena makapani Toerien 1952 hyaena | |
Dinofelis barlowi Broom 1937 cat
Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 leopard | |
Wellsiana torticornuta, Hippotragini indet., Hippotragus cookei, Parmularius braini, Simatherium cf. kohllarseni
Wellsiana torticornuta Vrba 1987 antelope
Hippotragini indet. Sundevall 1845 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hippotragini
Hippotragus cookei Vrba 1987 antelope
Parmularius braini Vrba 1977 antelope
Simatherium cf. kohllarseni antelope | |
Xenohystrix crassidens porcupine
Hystrix makapanensis porcupine
Hystrix africaeaustralis Peters 1852 Cape porcupine | |
Myriapoda | |
Scolopendra cf. morsitans centipede | |
Insecta | |
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