Birds River (Bir 111) (Triassic of South Africa)

Where: Eastern Cape, South Africa (31.5° S, 26.8° E: paleocoordinates 62.4° S, 7.2° W)

• coordinate based on unpublished field data

When: Molteno Formation (Stormberg Group), Carnian (237.0 - 228.0 Ma)

Environment/lithology: lacustrine - small; gray, yellow shale

• "transient lake in back swamp" (Anderson and Anderson 1985 (ref. 6188))
• "yellowish grey, very well laminated shale" (Anderson and Anderson 1985 (ref. 6188))

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: mold/impression

Primary reference: J. M. Anderson and H. M. Anderson. 1983. Palaeoflora of Southern Africa Molteno Formation (Triassic). Palaeoflora of Southern Africa Molteno Formation (Triassic) 1:1-227 [H. Sims/H. Lindon/H. Lindon]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 23142: authorized by Hallie Sims, entered by Heather Lindon on 10.07.2002, edited by Matthew Clapham and Jered Karr

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• habitat described as "Sphenobaiera closed woodland" (Anderson and Anderson 2000 (ref. 6625))
Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Jeanjacquesia sp.1, Halleyoctenis sp.1, Eosteria sp.1, Dordrechtites sp.1, Avatia sp.1, Fredlindia sp.1, Avistrobus sp.1
Insecta
 Eoblattida - Mesorthopteridae
Mesorthopteron similis n. sp.5
Mesorthopteron similis n. sp.5 Riek 1974 insect
C-Dt II 354
 Eoblattida -
"Paraplecoptera indet." = Eoblattida2
"Paraplecoptera indet." = Eoblattida2 Handlirsch 1906 insect
 Hymenoptera - Xyelidae
Moltenia rieki n. gen. n. sp.6
Moltenia rieki n. gen. n. sp.6 Schlüter 2000 sawfly
PRE/F 10438
 Dicondylia -
Coleoptera indet.2
Coleoptera indet.2 Linnaeus 1758 beetle
 Coleoptera - Ademosynidae
Ademosyne speciosa5
Ademosyne speciosa5 Riek 1974 beetle
 Dicondylia -
Mecoptera indet.2
Mecoptera indet.2 Packard 1886 scorpionfly
 Blattaria - Caloblattinidae
Samaroblatta sp.5
Samaroblatta sp.5 Tillyard 1919 cockroach
 Glosselytrodea - Polycytellidae
Moltenojurina parva n. gen. n. sp.3, Polycytella rasnitsyni n. sp.3
Moltenojurina parva n. gen. n. sp.3 Béthoux and Anderson 2021 winged insect
PRE/F/20922
Polycytella rasnitsyni n. sp.3 Béthoux and Anderson 2021 winged insect
PRE/F/10559
 Hemiptera - Protopsyllidiidae
Protopsyllidiidae "nymph"5
Protopsyllidiidae "nymph"5 Becker-Migdisova 1960 true bug
C-Dt II 1
 Hemiptera - Dunstaniidae
Prosbolomorpha clara n. gen. n. sp.5
Prosbolomorpha clara n. gen. n. sp.5 Riek 1974 true bug
C-Dt II 3
 Hemiptera - Dysmorphoptilidae
"Dysmorphoptiloides protuberans n. sp." = Tennentsia protuberans5
"Dysmorphoptiloides protuberans n. sp." = Tennentsia protuberans5 Riek 1974 true bug
C-Dt II 342
 Grylloblattodea - Euchauliodidae
Euchauliodes distinctus n. gen. n. sp.5
Euchauliodes distinctus n. gen. n. sp.5 Riek 1974 ice crawler
C-Dt II 2
 Orthoptera - Proparagryllacrididae
Proparagryllacrididae indet.9, Dordrechtia sp.9, Gryllacrimima sp.9, Gryllacrimima johnski n. sp.9
Proparagryllacrididae indet.9 Riek 1956 grasshopper
Dordrechtia sp.9 Riek 1976 grasshopper
Gryllacrimima sp.9 Sharov 1968 grasshopper
Gryllacrimima johnski n. sp.9 Wappler 2001 grasshopper
BP/2/4533
 Orthoptera - Haglidae
"aff. Afrohagla contorta" = Afrohagla contorta9, "Hagla contorta n. sp." = Afrohagla contorta5
"aff. Afrohagla contorta" = Afrohagla contorta9 Riek 1974 hump-winged cricket
"Hagla contorta n. sp." = Afrohagla contorta5 Riek 1974 hump-winged cricket
C-Dt II 351, and one more in Wappler 2001
 Dicondylia - Triassoblattidae
Triassoblatta robusta5
Triassoblatta robusta5 Riek 1974 winged insect
 Dicondylia -
Blattodea indet.5, Nototriadophlebia pritykinae n. gen. n. sp.4
Blattodea indet.5 Latreille 1810 cockroach
abdomen
Nototriadophlebia pritykinae n. gen. n. sp.4 Béthoux and Anderson 2023 winged insect
BP/2/20950ab, BP/2/20986ab
 Dicondylia - Triadotypidae
Triassologus biseriatus4
Triassologus biseriatus4 Riek 1976 winged insect
 Dicondylia - Mesophlebiidae
Mesophlebia elegans n. sp.7
Mesophlebia elegans n. sp.7 Deregnaucourt et al. 2020 winged insect
PRE/F/20242
 Reculida - Geinitziidae
Fletchitzia picturata8
Fletchitzia picturata8 Riek 1976 winged insect
PRE/F 10436
Ginkgoites
  -
Ginkgoites sp.1
Ginkgoites sp.1 Seward 1919
Ginkgoopsida
 Ginkgoales -
Sphenobaiera sp.1
Sphenobaiera sp.1 Florin 1936
 Ginkgoales - Ginkgoaceae
Stachyopitys sp.1
Stachyopitys sp.1 Schenk 1867
Cycadopsida
 Cycadales -
Taeniopteris sp.1
Taeniopteris sp.1 Brongniart 1828 cycads
 Cycadales - Nilssoniaceae
Pseudoctenis sp.1
Pseudoctenis sp.1 Seward 1911 cycads
 Pteridospermales -
Chiropteris sp.1
Chiropteris sp.1 Kurr 1845 cycads
Hepaticae
 Marchantiales - Marchantiaceae
Marchantites sp.1
Marchantites sp.1 Brongniart 1849 liverwort
  -
Thallites sp.1
Thallites sp.1 Walton 1925 liverwort
Bryopsida
  -
Muscites sp.1
Muscites sp.1 Brongniart 1828
Gymnospermopsida
  -
Gymnospermopsida indet.1
 Corystospermales - Corystospermaceae
Dicroidium sp.1, Fanerotheca sp.1
Dicroidium sp.1 Gothan 1912
Fanerotheca sp.1 Frenguelli 1944
Cycadeoideopsida
 Cycadeoideales -
Yabeiella sp.1
Yabeiella sp.1 Oishi 1931
Peltaspermopsida
 Peltaspermales - Peltaspermaceae
Lepidopteris sp.1, Peltaspermum sp.1
Lepidopteris sp.1 Schimper 1869
Peltaspermum sp.1 Harris 1937
Pinopsida
 Pinales -
Heidiphyllum sp.1
Heidiphyllum sp.1 Retallack 1981
 Bennettitales -
Cycadolepis sp.1
Cycadolepis sp.1 Saporta 1875
 Coniferales -
Fraxinopsis sp.1
Fraxinopsis sp.1 Wieland 1929
unclassified
  -
Pteridophyta indet.1
Pteridophyta indet.1 Haeckel 1875
Lycopsida
  -
Lycopsida indet.1
Polypodiopsida
 Equisetales - Equisetidae
Equisetum sp.1
Equisetum sp.1 Linnaeus 1753 horsetail
Pteridopsida
  -
"Filicopsida indet." = Pteridopsida1
"Filicopsida indet." = Pteridopsida1 Ritgen 1828
1Anderson and Anderson 2000; 2Anderson et al. 1998; 3Béthoux and Anderson 2021; 4Béthoux and Anderson 2023; 5Riek 1974; 6Schlüter 2000; 7Tierney et al. 2020; 8Wappler 2000; 9Wappler 2001