Indian Creek, 35 (Arroyo Formation) (Permian of the United States)

Also known as Locality 35 (Romer 1928), Cacops bone bed, faunal Zone 4, Lower Clear Fork Group, Texas red-beds, redbeds

Where: Baylor County, Texas (33.8° N, 99.2° W: paleocoordinates 2.3° N, 28.7° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Arroyo Formation (Clear Fork Group), Kungurian (279.3 - 272.3 Ma)

• "The localities are about 100 to 150 feet above the Lueders limestone." Details for Faunal Zone 4 of Romer 1928: "The vertebrate remains are confined to approximately the lowest 250 feet or so of the Clear Fork.."

•the base and top of the Clear Fork Group (i.e., Arroyo, Vale, and Choza formations) are both within the Kungurian: see Wardlaw 2005 (Permophiles) for the base, and DiMichele et al. 2001 (J Paleont) for the top

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; red claystone and conglomeratic sandstone

• "red beds... red clays, with small amounts of sandstone and conglomerates."

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: bulk,

• Chicago University Collections among others.

•Romer (1928) paper is a review of vertebrates from the Texas red-beds with previously unreported (or undetailed) localities. Based on the following statement, "A large proportion of the specimens recorded from here are from the Cacops bone bed" some of the specimens listed by Romer 1928 may be from farther afield than the specific gulley mentioned by Williston.

Primary reference: E. D. Cope. 1896. Second contribution to the history of the Cotylosauria. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 35(151):122-139 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht/T. Liebrecht]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 28264: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Robin Whatley on 03.02.2003, edited by Torsten Liebrecht and Emma Dunne

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Romer (1928) provides a list of genotypes and holotypes (without authority data) with associated, previously unpublished locality data.
Osteichthyes
 Cotylosauria - Diadectidae
Diadectes sp.1 Cope 1878 tetrapod
Reptilia
 Eureptilia - Captorhinidae
Captorhinus sp.1, "Captorhinus aguti" = Captorhinus aguti2, "Pariotichus aduncus n. sp." = Captorhinus aguti, Labidosaurus sp.1, Labidosaurus hamatus6
Captorhinus sp.1 Cope 1896 eureptile
"Captorhinus aguti" = Captorhinus aguti2 Cope 1882 eureptile
CNHM UR 242, UC 951; these specimens were deducted from Romer's (1928) 7 original occurences of "Captorhinus sp."
"Pariotichus aduncus n. sp." = Captorhinus aguti Cope 1882 eureptile
AMNH 4332 (type); this specimen is deducted from Romer's (1928) 7 original occurences of "Captorhinus sp."
Labidosaurus sp.1 Cope 1896 eureptile
Labidosaurus hamatus6 Cope 1896 eureptile
CNHM UC 174, 176-178, 181, 731; these specimens were deducted from Romer's (1928) 7 original occurences of "Labidosaurus sp."
Osteichthyes
 Caseasauria - Caseidae
Casea broilii n. gen. n. sp.3
Casea broilii n. gen. n. sp.3 Williston 1910 synapsid
CNHM UC 656 (type)
 Synapsida - Varanopidae
"Varanosaurus brevirostris n. sp." = Varanops brevirostris5
"Varanosaurus brevirostris n. sp." = Varanops brevirostris5 Williston 1911 synapsid
specimen numbers are from Romer 1928
 Synapsida - Edaphosauridae
Edaphosaurus sp.1 Cope 1882 synapsid
 Synapsida - Ophiacodontidae
"Theropleura sp." = Ophiacodon1
"Theropleura sp." = Ophiacodon1 Marsh 1878 ophiacodont
 Synapsida - Sphenacodontidae
Dimetrodon sp.1 Cope 1878 synapsid
 Seymouriamorpha - Seymouriidae
Seymouria baylorensis5 Broili 1904 tetrapod
probably specimen FMNH 6183 in Sumida et al. (1992, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B)
Amphibia
 Nectridea - Diplocaulidae
Diplocaulus sp.1 Cope 1877 tetrapod
 Temnospondyli - Dissorophidae
Cacops aspidephorus n. sp.4 Williston 1910 tetrapod
 Temnospondyli - Eobrachyopidae
"Trimerorhachis conangulus n. sp." = Isodectes obtusus, "Pariotichus megalops n. sp." = Isodectes obtusus1
"Trimerorhachis conangulus n. sp." = Isodectes obtusus Cope 1868 tetrapod
AMNH 4569
"Pariotichus megalops n. sp." = Isodectes obtusus1 Cope 1868 tetrapod
AMNH 4329 (type)
 Temnospondyli - Trimerorhachidae
Trimerorhachis insignis n. sp.1 tetrapod
Authority is not Romer 1928. entered as "Trimerorachis"
 Temnospondyli - Eryopidae
Eryops sp.1 Cope 1877 tetrapod