Craddock Bonebed, Brush Creek, 38 (Arroyo Formation) (Permian of the United States)

Also known as Locality 38 (Romer 1928), Craddock's ranch, Craddock bone bed, Brushy Creek, Bushy Creek, faunal Zone 4, Lower Clear Fork Group, Texas red-beds, redbeds

Where: Baylor County, Texas (33.7° N, 99.3° W: paleocoordinates 2.2° N, 28.8° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Arroyo Formation (Clear Fork Group), Kungurian (279.3 - 272.3 Ma)

• "The beds average about 150 feet above the base of the Clear Fork." Details for Faunal Zone 4 of Romer 1928: "The vertebrate remains are confined to approximately the lowest 250 feet or so of the Clear Fork.."

•the base and top of the Clear Fork Group (i.e., Arroyo, Vale, and Choza formations) are both within the Kungurian: see Wardlaw 2005 (Permophiles) for the base, and DiMichele et al. 2001 (J Paleont) for the top

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; red claystone and conglomeratic sandstone

• "red beds... red clays, with small amounts of sandstone and conglomerates."

Size class: macrofossils

Reposited in the AMNH, BSP, FMNH, USNM

• Romer (1928) paper is a review of vertebrates from the Texas red-beds with previously unreported (or undetailed) localities.

Primary reference: S. W. Williston. 1911. American Permian Vertebrates 1-145 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 28267: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Robin Whatley on 03.02.2003, edited by Torsten Liebrecht, Matthew Carrano and Emma Dunne

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Romer (1928) provides a list of genotypes and holotypes (without authority data) with associated but previously unpublished locality data.
Osteichthyes
 Stegocephali -
Goniocephalus willistoni n. gen. n. sp.5
Goniocephalus willistoni n. gen. n. sp.5 Broili 1913 lobe-finned fish
"Individual I" and "Individual II", then reposited in the BSP, two partial skulls figured by Broili (1913, Pl. IX figs 3 & 4)
Amphibia
 Temnospondyli - Trimerorhachidae
Trimerorhachis sp. Cope 1878 tetrapod
entered as "Trimerorachis"
Trimerorhachis greggi n. sp.8 Milner and Schoch 2013 tetrapod
USNM 409692 (Holotype: well preserved skull)
 Temnospondyli - Dissorophidae
Dissorophidae indet.5, "? Aspidosaurus peltatus n. sp." = Aspidosaurus peltatus, "Broiliellus peltatus n. sp." = Aspidosaurus peltatus5
Dissorophidae indet.5 Boulenger 1902 tetrapod
"? Aspidosaurus peltatus n. sp." = Aspidosaurus peltatus Williston 1911 tetrapod
"Broiliellus peltatus n. sp." = Aspidosaurus peltatus5 Williston 1911 tetrapod
Authority is not Romer 1928.
 Temnospondyli - Trematopidae
"Trematops milleri n. gen. n. sp." = Acheloma cumminsi
"Trematops milleri n. gen. n. sp." = Acheloma cumminsi Cope 1882 tetrapod
FMNH UC 640 (type); specimen number taken from Dilkes & Reisz (1987)
 Temnospondyli - Eryopidae
Eryops sp.5, "Dimetrodon gigas" = Eryops megacephalus
Eryops sp.5 Cope 1877 tetrapod
"Dimetrodon gigas" = Eryops megacephalus Cope 1877 tetrapod
 Temnospondyli - Zatracheidae
Zatrachys sp.5 Cope 1878 tetrapod
 Nectridea - Diplocaulidae
Diplocaulus brevirostris2, "Diplocaulus magnicornis" = Diplocaulus magnicornis, "Diplocaulus primigenius n. sp." = Diplocaulus magnicornis2, "Platyops parvus n. gen. n. sp." = Diplocaulus magnicornis5
Diplocaulus brevirostris2 Olson 1951 tetrapod
CNHM UC 1648
"Diplocaulus magnicornis" = Diplocaulus magnicornis Cope 1882 tetrapod
AMNH 4523A+B; CNHM UC 221-223, 410, 1652; catalogue numbers are from Olson (1951)
"Diplocaulus primigenius n. sp." = Diplocaulus magnicornis2 Cope 1882 tetrapod
CNHM UC 564 (type)
"Platyops parvus n. gen. n. sp." = Diplocaulus magnicornis5 Cope 1882 tetrapod
CNHM UC 206 (type)
Osteichthyes
 Cotylosauria - Diadectidae
Diadectes sp. Cope 1878 tetrapod
 Synapsida - Sphenacodontidae
"Secodontosaurus willistoni n. sp." = Secodontosaurus obtusidens6, Dimetrodon kempae n. sp.7, "Clepsydrops natalis" = Dimetrodon natalis, "Dimetrodon incisivus" = Dimetrodon limbatus, Dimetrodon loomisi n. sp.7
"Secodontosaurus willistoni n. sp." = Secodontosaurus obtusidens6 Cope 1880 synapsid
FMNH (WM) 735 (type) + "nearly a dozen skeletal elements, all disarticulated"
Dimetrodon kempae n. sp.7 Romer 1937 synapsid
MCZ 1361
"Clepsydrops natalis" = Dimetrodon natalis Cope 1878 synapsid
"Dimetrodon incisivus" = Dimetrodon limbatus Cope 1877 synapsid
Dimetrodon loomisi n. sp.7 Romer 1937 synapsid
FMNH (WM) 1322
 Synapsida - Ophiacodontidae
Varanosaurus acutirostris n. gen. n. sp.3, "Theropleura sp." = Ophiacodon5
Varanosaurus acutirostris n. gen. n. sp.3 Broili 1904 ophiacodont
BSPHM 1901 XV 20 (type) + 4 single elements (USNM 15562-15565)
"Theropleura sp." = Ophiacodon5 Marsh 1878 ophiacodont
 Synapsida - Edaphosauridae
Edaphosaurus sp.5 Cope 1882 synapsid
 Caseasauria - Caseidae
"Trispondylus texensis n. gen. n. sp." = Trichasaurus texensis5
"Trispondylus texensis n. gen. n. sp." = Trichasaurus texensis5 Williston 1910 synapsid
originally entered as Trichasaurus texensis; the taxon, however, originally was named "Trispondylus texensis" by Williston (see Romer & Price, 1940; Olson, 1968); type locality is not repeated to be the Craddock Bonebed in Romer & Price (1940), Olson (1968), and Reisz (1986) - no exact type locality is given in these references
Reptilia
 Bolosauria - Bolosauridae
Bolosaurus sp.5 Cope 1878 parareptile
 Eureptilia - Captorhinidae
"Captorhinus aguti" = Captorhinus aguti9, "Bayloria morei n. gen. n. sp." = Captorhinus aguti4
"Captorhinus aguti" = Captorhinus aguti9 Cope 1882 eureptile
"Bayloria morei n. gen. n. sp." = Captorhinus aguti4 Cope 1882 eureptile
WM 1639 (type)
 Araeoscelidia - Araeoscelidae
Araeoscelis gracilis n. gen. n. sp.10
Araeoscelis gracilis n. gen. n. sp.10 Williston 1910 diapsid
UC 659, 660, 661, 662 and 1708 (type series)
Osteichthyes
 Recumbirostra - Molgophidae
"Lysorophus sp." = Brachydectes5, "Brachydectes elongatus" = Brachydectes newberryi11
"Lysorophus sp." = Brachydectes5 Cope 1868 amniote
"Brachydectes elongatus" = Brachydectes newberryi11 Cope 1868 amniote
AMNH 6172
 Recumbirostra - Gymnarthridae
Euryodus primus n. gen. n. sp.1
Euryodus primus n. gen. n. sp.1 Olson 1939 amniote
FMNH (WM) 1565 (holotype), 1566, 1567 (paratypes), 1568, 1569; specimen FMNH 1568 is not mentioned in Gregory et al. (1956); Carroll & Gaskill (1978) say that it is a partial skull and that FMNH 1569 is postcranial material only, whereas Gregory et al. (1956) say that FMNH 1569 is the anterior portion of a mandible
 Seymouriamorpha - Seymouriidae
Seymouria sp. Broili 1904 tetrapod