Seelandalpe, reef dwellers (Triassic of Italy)

Also known as Reef 162

Where: Italy (46.7° N, 12.2° E: paleocoordinates 12.5° N, 20.3° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Cassian Formation, Julian (235.0 - 232.0 Ma)

• Age range indicated as Langobardian ton ?Julian, now confirmed to be early Carnian (Cordevolian)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: reef, buildup or bioherm; lithified framestone and lithified packstone

• Patch reefs on extensive carbonate platform
• Small patch reefs, laterally grading in to oolitic limestones

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: original aragonite, original calcite

Collection methods: bulk, mechanical, peel or thin section,

• Total number of specimens refer to Fürsich and Wendt only. Additional specimens added by Bandel (1996)

Primary reference: F. T. Fürsich and J. Wendt. 1977. Biostratinomy and palaeoecology of the Cassian Formation (Triassic) of the Southern Alps. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 22:257-323 [W. Kiessling/W. Kiessling/W. Kiessling]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 34692: authorized by Wolfgang Kiessling, entered by Wolfgang Kiessling on 16.09.2003, edited by Matthew Clapham and Bethany Allen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
Echinoidea
  -
"Cidaris" fustis4, "Cidaris" scrobiculata4, "Cidaris" hausmanni4, "Cidaris" waechteri4, "Cidaris" biconica4, "Cidaris" costata4
"Cidaris" fustis4 Laube 1865 sea urchin
"Cidaris" scrobiculata4 Braun 1841 sea urchin
"Cidaris" hausmanni4 Wissmann 1841 sea urchin
"Cidaris" waechteri4 Wissmann 1841 sea urchin
"Cidaris" biconica4 Zardini 1973 sea urchin
"Cidaris" costata4 Zardini 1973 sea urchin
 Cidaroida - Cidaridae
"Cidaris" seelandia4, "Cidaris" liagora4, "Cidaris" alata4, "Cidaris" admeto4, Balanocidaris dorsata4
"Cidaris" seelandia4 pencil urchin
"Cidaris" liagora4 Münster 1841 pencil urchin
"Cidaris" alata4 Agassiz 1839 pencil urchin
"Cidaris" admeto4 Braun 1841 pencil urchin
Balanocidaris dorsata4 pencil urchin
Crinoidea
 Isocrinida - Isocrinidae
Isocrinus sassostriensis4, Isocrinus candelabrum4, Isocrinus "sp. A"4
Isocrinus "sp. A"4 von Meyer 1836 Sea lily
 Encrinida - Encrinidae
"Encrinus cassianus" = Chelocrinus cassianus4, "Encrinus granulosus" = Zardinicrinus granulosus4, Encrinus cancellistriatus4
"Encrinus cassianus" = Chelocrinus cassianus4 Laube 1865 Sea lily
"Encrinus granulosus" = Zardinicrinus granulosus4 Münster 1834 Sea lily
Scaphopoda
 Dentaliida - Dentaliidae
Dentalium sp.
Dentalium sp. Linnaeus 1758 tusk shell
Gastropoda
  -
Gastropoda indet.
Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795 snail
 Neritoina - Palaeonaricidae
Palaeonarica cf. pyrulaeformis
Palaeonarica cf. pyrulaeformis Klipstein 1843 snail
 Neritoina - Delphinulopsidae
Delphinulopsis pustulosa
Delphinulopsis pustulosa Munster 1841 snail
 Neritoina - Tricolnaticopsidae
"Naticopsis uhligi" = Pachyomphalus uhligi
"Naticopsis uhligi" = Pachyomphalus uhligi Kittl 1892 snail
 Neritoina - Neritopsidae
"Neritopsis decussata" = Cassianopsis decussata, "Neritopsis armata" = Cassianopsis armata, Neritopsis sp.
"Neritopsis decussata" = Cassianopsis decussata Münster 1841 snail
"Neritopsis armata" = Cassianopsis armata Münster 1841 snail
Neritopsis sp. Grateloup 1832 snail
 Architaenioglossa - Ampullinidae
Ampullina paludinaris, Ampullina sp.
Ampullina sp. Férussac 1822 snail
Ampullina sp. A
 Cerithioidea - Prostyliferidae
Ptychostoma mojsisovicsi
Ptychostoma mojsisovicsi Kittl 1892 snail
 Pseudomelanoidea - Pseudomelaniidae
Pseudomelania miles, Pseudomelania hagenowi
Pseudomelania miles Kittl 1894 snail
Pseudomelania hagenowi Klipstein 1843 snail
 Caenogastropoda - Coelostylinidae
Pseudochrysalis sp., Coelostylina crassa, Coelostylina cochlea, Coelostylina griesbachi, Coelostylina conica, Trypanostylus semiglaber, Trypanostylus konincki, Trypanostylus curretensis
Pseudochrysalis sp. Kittl 1894 snail
Coelostylina crassa Münster 1841 snail
Coelostylina cochlea Münster 1841 snail
Coelostylina griesbachi Kittl 1894 snail
Coelostylina conica Münster 1841 snail
Trypanostylus konincki Münster 1841 snail
Trypanostylus curretensis Kittl 1894 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Settsassiidae
Katosira sp., ? Katosira cassiana, Katosira seelandica
Katosira sp. Koken 1892 snail
? Katosira cassiana Kittl 1894 snail
Katosira seelandica Kittl 1894 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
"? Naticella triadica" = Polinices
"? Naticella triadica" = Polinices moon snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Purpurinidae
Angularia pleurotomaria, Angularia subpleurotomaria
Angularia subpleurotomaria Münster 1841 periwinkle
 Neogastropoda - Maturifusidae
Palaeotriton macrostoma
Palaeotriton macrostoma Kittl 1894 snail
 Zygopleuroidea - Protorculidae
Protorcula subpunctata, Protorcula excavata
Protorcula subpunctata Münster 1841 snail
Protorcula excavata Laube 1868 snail
 Heterostropha - Anoptychiidae
Anoptychia multitorquata
Anoptychia multitorquata Münster 1841 snail
 Heterostropha - Gordenellidae
"Promathilda subnodosa" = Promathildia, "Promathilda colon" = Promathildia, "Promathilda bolina" = Promathildia
"Promathilda subnodosa" = Promathildia snail
Promathildia (P.) subnodosa
"Promathilda colon" = Promathildia snail
Promathildia (P.) colon
"Promathilda bolina" = Promathildia snail
Promathildia (T.) bolina
 Heterostropha - Trachoecidae
Trachoecus gemmellaroi
Trachoecus gemmellaroi Kittl 1894 snail
 Pleurotomarioidea - Stuorellidae
Stuorella tofanae
 Trochoidea - Trochidae
Anticonulus ogilviae
 Trochoidea - Colloniidae
Palaeocollonia laevigata
Palaeocollonia laevigata Münster 1841 snail
 Trochoidea - Turbinidae
"Turbo" sp.
"Turbo" sp. Linnaeus 1758 snail
 Seguenzioidea - Laubellidae
Laubella delicata
Laubella delicata Laube 1868 snail
 Seguenzioidea - Eunemopsidae
Eunemopsis dolomitica
Eunemopsis dolomitica Kittl 1891 snail
 Seguenzioidea - Eucyclidae
Eucycloscala ornata, Eucycloscala sp., Eucycloscala damesi
Eucycloscala sp. Cossmann 1895 snail
Eucycloscala damesi Kittl 1892 snail
 Schizogonioidea - Pseudowortheniellidae
"Worthenia rarissima" = Pseudowortheniella rarissima
"Worthenia rarissima" = Pseudowortheniella rarissima Kittl 1891 snail
 Lepetellida - Fissurellidae
Emarginula muensteri
Emarginula muensteri Pictet 1855 snail
Emargulina muensteri
 Murchisoniina - Zygopleuridae
Hypsipleura subnodosa, "Zygopleura tenuis" = Ampezzopleura tenuis, Allostrophia perversa
Hypsipleura subnodosa Klipstein 1843 snail
"Zygopleura tenuis" = Ampezzopleura tenuis Münster 1841 snail
Allostrophia perversa Münster 1841 snail
 Murchisoniina - Wortheniellidae
"Worthenia canalifera" = Wortheniella canalifera, "Worthenia coralliophila" = Wortheniella coralliophila, "Worthenia muensteri" = Rinaldoella muensteri, "Worthenia joannisaustriae" = Rinaldoella johannisaustriae, "Worthenia coronata" = Rinaldoella coronata
"Worthenia canalifera" = Wortheniella canalifera Münster 1841 snail
"Worthenia coralliophila" = Wortheniella coralliophila Kittl 1891 snail
"Worthenia muensteri" = Rinaldoella muensteri Klipstein 1843 snail
"Worthenia joannisaustriae" = Rinaldoella johannisaustriae Klipstein 1843 snail
"Worthenia coronata" = Rinaldoella coronata Münster 1841 snail
 Heterostrophia -
Spirocyclina eucycla
Spirocyclina eucycla Laube 1869 snail
 Neritoidea - Naticopsidae
Dicosmos maculosus, Naticopsis sp., Naticopsis subelongata, Naticopsis involuta, Naticopsis laubei, Naticopsis expansa
Naticopsis sp. M'Coy 1844 snail
Naticopsis involuta Kittl 1892 snail
Naticopsis laubei Kittl 1892 snail
Naticopsis expansa Laube 1868 snail
 Neritoidea - Neritariidae
""Natica" neritina" = Dentineritaria neritina, Neritaria transiens, Neritaria mandelslohi
""Natica" neritina" = Dentineritaria neritina Münster 1841 snail
Neritaria mandelslohi Klipstein 1843 snail
Bivalvia
  -
Bivalvia indet.
Bivalvia indet. Linnaeus 1758 clam
 Nuculanida - Nuculanidae
Nuculana sulcellata
Nuculana sulcellata pointed nut clam
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
Palaeonucula strigilata
Palaeonucula strigilata Goldfuss 1837 nut clam
 Megalodontida - Dicerocardiidae
Physocardia sp., Physocardia verae3
Physocardia sp. Wöhrmann 1894 clam
Physocardia verae3 Frech 1912 clam
 Megalodontida - Megalodontidae
Megalodon sp., "Megalodon rimosus" = Pachyrisma rimosum
Megalodon sp. Sowerby 1827 clam
"Megalodon rimosus" = Pachyrisma rimosum Münster 1841 clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
"Palaeocardita crenata" = Septocardia crenata
"Palaeocardita crenata" = Septocardia crenata Goldfuss 1837 cockle
 Cardiida - Palaeocarditidae
Palaeocardita beneckei
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
Schafhaeutlia sp.
Schafhaeutlia sp. Cossmann 1897 clam
 Carditida - Myophoricardiidae
Myophoriopis sp.
Myophoriopis sp. von Wöhrmann 1889 clam
[entered as Myophoriopsis sp.]
 Trigoniida - Myophoriidae
Gruenewaldia decussata
Gruenewaldia decussata Munster 1838 clam
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
Modiolus gracilis
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
"Pecten" sp.
"Pecten" sp. Müller 1776 scallop
 Pectinida - Limidae
"Eolimea margineplicata" = Limea (Eolimea), Mysidioptera sp., "Lima" sp., Lima cancellata n. sp.1
"Eolimea margineplicata" = Limea (Eolimea) file clam
Mysidioptera sp. Salomon 1895 file clam
"Lima" sp. Bruguière 1797 file clam
Lima cancellata n. sp.1 Bittner 1895 file clam
 Pectinida - Plicatulidae
Plicatula sp., "Plicatula imago" = Plicatula (Eoplicatula) imago, Plicatula filifera n. sp.1
Plicatula sp. Lamarck 1801 scallop
"Plicatula imago" = Plicatula (Eoplicatula) imago Bittner 1895 scallop
Plicatula filifera n. sp.1 Bittner 1895 scallop
 Pectinida - Dimyidae
"? Dimyodon sp." = Atreta
"? Dimyodon sp." = Atreta Etallon 1862 scallop
 Ostreida - Bakevelliidae
Gervillia angulata, "Gervillia angusta" = Gervillia (Cultriopsis) angusta
Gervillia angulata Münster 1841 oyster
"Gervillia angusta" = Gervillia (Cultriopsis) angusta Munster 1838 oyster
 Ostreida - Malleidae
? Isognomon sp.
? Isognomon sp. Lightfoot 1786 oyster
 Ostreida - Cassianellidae
Cassianella beyrichii, "Cassianella planidorsata" = Cassianella decussata, Cassianella ampezzana
Cassianella beyrichii Bittner 1895 oyster
"Cassianella planidorsata" = Cassianella decussata Münster 1841 oyster
Cassianella ampezzana Bittner 1895 oyster
 Ostreida - Pteriidae
Pteria sp., Pteria cf. caudata
Pteria sp. Scopoli 1777 pearl oyster
Pteria cf. caudata pearl oyster
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
"Ostrea" sp.
"Ostrea" sp. Linnaeus 1758 oyster
 Arcida - Parallelodontidae
Parallelodon sp., Parallelodon formosissima, Parallelodon imbricarium
Parallelodon sp. Meek and Worthen 1866 clam
 Pterioida - Prospondylidea
Terquemia sp.
Terquemia sp. Tate 1868 clam
Rhynchonellata
  -
Rhynchonellata indet.4
Rhynchonellata indet.4 Williams et al. 1996
 Rhynchonellida - Rhynchonellidae
Homoeorhynchia subacuta, Homoeorhynchia semiplecta4, Homoeorhynchia linguligera4, Homoeorhynchia sp.4
Homoeorhynchia sp.4 Buckman 1917
 Thecideida - Thecospiridae
Thecospira sp.4, Thecospira tirolensis
Thecospira sp.4 Zugmayer 1882
Thecospira tirolensis Loretz 1875
 Thecideida - Hungarithecidae
"Thecospira andreaei n. sp." = Hungaritheca andreaei2
"Thecospira andreaei n. sp." = Hungaritheca andreaei2 Bittner 1912
 Athyridida - Diplospirellidae
Diplospirella sp.4, Diplospirella sufflata, Diplospirella wissmanni
Diplospirella sp.4 Bittner 1890
Diplospirella sufflata Verneuil 1855
Diplospirella wissmanni Münster 1841
 Athyridida - Koninckinidae
Amphiclina speciosa4
 Athyridida - Neoretziidae
""Retzia" lyrata" = Cassianospira lyrata4
""Retzia" lyrata" = Cassianospira lyrata4 Münster 1841
 Athyridida - Retziidae
"Retzia" klipsteini4, "Retzia" humboldtii4, "Retzia" procerrima4
"Retzia" procerrima4 Klipstein 1843
 Spiriferinida - Bittnerulidae
? Bittnerula "sp. A"4, Bittnerula zitteli4
? Bittnerula "sp. A"4 Hall and Clarke 1894
Bittnerula zitteli4 Bittner 1890
 Spiriferinida - Spiriferinidae
Spiriferina cf. fortis4
Spiriferina cf. fortis4 Bittner 1890
 Terebratulida - Zeilleriidae
Aulacothyris sp.4
Aulacothyris sp.4 Douville 1880
 Terebratulida - Dielasmatidae
Waldheimia (Cruratula) damesi2
 Terebratulida - Terebratulidae
"Terebratula" tenella4, "Waldheimia" porrecta4
"Waldheimia" porrecta4 Bittner 1904
1Bittner 1895; 2Bittner 1912; 3Frech 1912; 4McKee 1938