PBDB Collection

Swatara Gap, 3 km north of Lickdale (Ordovician of the United States)

Where: Lebanon County, Pennsylvania (40.5° N, 76.5° W: paleocoordinates 29.2° S, 55.9° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Climacograptus spiniferus graptolite zone, Reedsville Member (Martinsburg Formation), Edenian (451.0 - 450.2 Ma)

• Wright et al. (1977) and Lehmann (1986) assigned these rocks to the Climacograptus spiniferus Zone

•

•Blake notes that this is now Edenian, not Chatfieldian-Edenian.

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: offshore; lithified, argillaceous siltstone and lithified, silty mudstone

• may also include some transition zone environments

• facies also includes claystone that contains a sparse, low-diversity fossil fauna

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: cast, mold/impression

Collection methods: surface (float),

Primary reference: D. Lehman and J.K. Pope. 1989. Upper Ordovician tempestites from Swatara Gap, Pennsylvania: depositional processes affecting the sediments and paleoecology of the fossil faunas. Palaios 4:553-564 [S. Holland/S. Holland/R. Plotnick]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 34895: authorized by Steven Holland, entered by Steven Holland on 13.10.2003

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Lehman & Pope's list, compiled from Wright et al., 1977; Busch, 1981; Lehmann, 1986

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	"conotretoid" indet., ? Kinocera sp., Paranacystites sp. "conotretoid" indet. ? Kinocera sp. Paranacystites sp.

Asterozoa - Phragmactinidae	Phragmactis sp. Phragmactis sp. Spencer 1940 probably Swataria derstleri: Blake named that genus in 2014 based on type material from a nearby locality. (PJW)
Asteroidea
Euaxosida - Mesopalaeasteridae	Mesopalaeaster cf. lancolatus Mesopalaeaster cf. lancolatus sea star
Euaxosida - Palasterinidae	Schuchertia laxata Schuchertia laxata Schuchert 1915 sea star
Hadrosida - Urasterellidae	Urasterella pulchella Urasterella pulchella Billings 1857 sea star
Hadrosida - Promopalaeasteridae	Promopalaeaster pricei, Promopalaeaster bellulus Promopalaeaster pricei sea star Promopalaeaster bellulus Schuchert 1915 sea star
Ophiuroidea
Oegophiurida - Protasteridae	"Taeniaster sp." = Taeniaster, "Protasterina maximus" = Taeniaster "Taeniaster sp." = Taeniaster Billings 1858 brittle star "Protasterina maximus" = Taeniaster brittle star
Stylophora
Mitrata -	Ateleocystites huxleyi Ateleocystites huxleyi Billings 1858
Crinoidea
-	Crinoidea indet. Crinoidea indet. Miller 1821 Sea lily undetermined root-type holdfast [originally entered as "crinoid indet."]
Homocrinida - Cincinnaticrinidae	Cincinnaticrinus sp. Cincinnaticrinus sp. Warn and Strimple 1977 Sea lily or Heterocrinus sp.
Homocrinida - Homocrinidae	Ectenocrinus simplex Ectenocrinus simplex Hall 1847 Sea lily
Myelodactylida - Iocrinidae	Iocrinus subcrassus Iocrinus subcrassus Meek and Worthen 1865 Sea lily
Inadunata - Merocrinidae	Merocrinidae indet. Merocrinidae indet. Miller 1890 Sea lily originally entered as "merocrinoid indet."
-	Lichenocrinus sp. Lichenocrinus sp. Hall 1866 Sea lily
Monobathrida - Glyptocrinidae	Glyptocrinus sp. Glyptocrinus sp. Hall 1847 Sea lily
Monobathrida - Xenocrinidae	Xenocrinidae indet. Xenocrinidae indet. Miller 1890 Sea lily originally entered as "xenocrinoid indet."
Pterobranchia
Dendroidea - Dendrograptidae	Ptilograptus sp. Ptilograptus sp. graptolite
Graptoloidea - Climacograptidae	Climacograptus typicalis Climacograptus typicalis Hall 1865 climacograptid
Graptoloidea - Diplograptidae	Orthograptus quadrimucronatus, Diplograptus nexus Orthograptus quadrimucronatus Hall 1865 graptolite Orthograptus quadrimucronatus micracanthus Diplograptus nexus graptolite
Tentaculita
Cornulitida - Cornulitidae	Cornulites flexuosus, Cornulites cf. progressus Cornulites flexuosus Cornulites cf. progressus
Hyolitha
Hyolithida - Hyolithidae	Hyolithes sp. Hyolithes sp. d'Eichwald 1840
Lingulata
Lingulida -	Linguloidea indet. Linguloidea indet. Menke 1828 originally entered as "linguloid indet."
Lingulida - Pseudolingulidae	Pseudolingula rectilateralis Pseudolingula rectilateralis Emmons 1842
Craniata
Craniida - Craniidae	Philhedra cf. laelia, ? Petrocrania sp. Philhedra cf. laelia Hall 1866 ? Petrocrania sp. Raymond 1910
Craniopsida - Craniopsidae	Craniops subtruncata Craniops subtruncata Hall 1847
Strophomenata
Strophomenida - Sowerbyellidae	Ptychoglyptus cf. virginensis, Sowerbyella plicatellus, "Thaerodonta rugosa" = Sowerbyella rugosa Ptychoglyptus cf. virginensis Willard 1928 Sowerbyella plicatellus "Thaerodonta rugosa" = Sowerbyella rugosa Meek 1873
Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae	Rafinesquina alternata, Leptaena cf. richmondensis Rafinesquina alternata Conrad 1838 Leptaena cf. richmondensis Foerste 1909 Leptaena richmondensis precursor
Rhynchonellata
Pentamerida - Camerellidae	Camerella sp. Camerella sp. Billings 1859
Pentamerida - Clarkellidae	Syntrophina sp. Syntrophina sp.
Atrypida - Anazygidae	Zygospira sp. Zygospira sp. Hall 1862
Orthida - Dalmanellidae	"Onniella multisecta" = Cincinnetina multisecta "Onniella multisecta" = Cincinnetina multisecta James 1871
Orthida - Plectorthidae	Plectorthis plicatella Plectorthis plicatella Hall 1847
Gymnolaemata
Ctenostomata - Vinellidae	Vinella sp. Vinella sp. Ulrich 1890
Stenolaemata
Cyclostomata - Diastoporidae	Berenicea sp. Berenicea sp. Lamouroux 1821
Cryptostomata - Rhinidictyidae	Rhinidictya sp. Rhinidictya sp. Ulrich 1882
Cryptostomata - Acanthocladiidae	Polypora sp. Polypora sp.
Trepostomata - Heterotrypidae	Dekayella sp. Dekayella sp. Ulrich 1882
Trepostomata - Halloporidae	Parvohallopora cf. dalei Parvohallopora cf. dalei
Trepostomata - Trematoporidae	Batostoma sp. Batostoma sp. Ulrich 1882
Cephalopoda
Nautiloidea -	Nautiloidea indet. Nautiloidea indet. Agassiz 1847 nautiloid indeterminate orthocone [originally entered as "informal nautiloid indet."]
Tergomya
Archinacellida - Archinacellidae	Archinacella sp. Archinacella sp. Ulrich and Scofield 1897
Gastropoda
-	Gastropoda indet. Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795 snail several undetermined forms [originally entered as "gastropod indet."]
Bellerophontida - Sinuitidae	Sinuites cancellatus Sinuites cancellatus Hall 1847 snail
Murchisoniina - Lophospiridae	Lophospira sp. Lophospira sp. Whitfield 1886 snail
Murchisoniina - Eotomariidae	"Liospira americanum" = Liospira americana "Liospira americanum" = Liospira americana Billings 1860 snail
Bivalvia
Nuculanida - Cucullellidae	"Cleidophorus planulatus" = Nuculites planulatus "Cleidophorus planulatus" = Nuculites planulatus Conrad 1841 clam
Nuculida - Praenuculidae	"Ctenodonta filistriata" = Homilodonta filistriata "Ctenodonta filistriata" = Homilodonta filistriata Ulrich 1894 clam
Myalinida - Ambonychiidae	? Byssonychia cf. vera ? Byssonychia cf. vera Ulrich 1893 clam
Ostreida - Pterineidae	Pterinea sp. Pterinea sp. Goldfuss 1832 oyster
Cardiidia - Grammysiidae	Cuneamya sp. Cuneamya sp. Hall and Whitfield 1875 clam
Modiomorphida - Modiomorphidae	Modiolopsis sp., Colpomya faba Modiolopsis sp. Hall 1847 clam Colpomya faba Hall 1847 clam Colpomya faba intermedia
Pholadomyida - Pholadomyidae	Rhytimya sp., Rhytimya radiata Rhytimya sp. Ulrich 1893 clam Rhytimya radiata Ulrich 1893 clam
Euchelicerata
Eurypterida - Megalograptidae	? Megalograptus sp. ? Megalograptus sp. Miller 1874 eurypterid
Ostracoda
Hollinocopida - Euprimitiidae	Primitiella unicornis Primitiella unicornis ostracod
Hollinocopida - Tetradellidae	Ceratopsis chambersi Ceratopsis chambersi Miller 1874 ostracod
Trilobita
Proetida - Proetidae	"Proetus parviusculus" = Interproetus parviusculus "Proetus parviusculus" = Interproetus parviusculus Hall 1860 trilobite
Proetida - Dimeropygidae	Mesotaphraspis sp. Mesotaphraspis sp. Whittington and Evitt 1953 trilobite
Olenida - Olenidae	Triarthrus becki Triarthrus becki Green 1832 trilobite
Phacopida -	Phacopida indet. Phacopida indet. Salter 1864 trilobite originally entered as "phacopid indet."
Phacopida - Calymenidae	Gravicalymene sp. Gravicalymene sp. Shirley 1936 trilobite
Phacopida - Pterygometopidae	"Pterygometopus achates" = Achatella achates "Pterygometopus achates" = Achatella achates Billings 1860 trilobite
Trinucleida - Trinucleidae	"Cryptolithus bellulus" = Cryptolithus tessellatus "Cryptolithus bellulus" = Cryptolithus tessellatus Green 1832 trilobite
Asaphida - Asaphidae	Isotelus gigas Isotelus gigas Dekay 1824 trilobite
Lichida - Lichidae	Platylichas sp. Platylichas sp. Gürich 1901 trilobite
Odontopleurida - Odontopleuridae	Diacanthaspis sp., Acidaspis cincinnatiensis Diacanthaspis sp. Whittington 1941 trilobite Acidaspis cincinnatiensis trilobite
Hydrozoa
Hydroida -	Inocaulis sp. Inocaulis sp. Hall 1852
Scyphozoa
Conulariida - Conulariidae	Conularia ? trentonensis Conularia ? trentonensis jellyfish
unclassified
-	Porifera indet. Porifera indet. Grant 1836
Chlorophyceae
Dasycladales - Dasycladaceae	Dasycladacea indet. Dasycladacea indet. Radoicic 1969