Brachiopods of Independence Shale in Iowa (Devonian of the United States)

Where: Iowa (42.1° N, 92.1° W: paleocoordinates 30.4° S, 37.5° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• basin-level geographic resolution

When: Independence Shale Formation, Frasnian (382.7 - 372.2 Ma)

• "Currently there is general agreement that the Independence Shale fauna is a stratigraphic leak of species from all members of the Lime Creek Formation." Nonetheless, there are many species known only from the Independence.

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marine; shale

• "The I. Shale was probably deposited at depths above the thermocline on a basin slope seaward of the Lime Creek shelf margin."

Primary reference: J. Day. 1988. The brachiopod succession of the Late Givetian-Frasnian of Iowa. In N. J. McMillan, A. F. Embry, and D. J. Glass (eds.), Devonian of the World, Volume III. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists. Calgary, Alberta, Canada 303-325 [M. Foote/M. Foote/M. Foote]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 35502: authorized by Michael Foote, entered by Michael Foote on 17.12.2003, edited by Alycia Stigall

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Strophomenata
 Strophomenida - Strophodontidae
"Douvillinaria variabilis" = Strophodonta variabilis, Strophonelloides reversa
"Douvillinaria variabilis" = Strophodonta variabilis Calvin 1878
 Strophomenida - Chonetidae
 Strophomenida - Leptostrophiidae
 Strophomenida - Leptodontellidae
Sulcatostrophia camerata, "Pseudodouvillina euglyphea" = Sulcatostrophia euglyphea
"Pseudodouvillina euglyphea" = Sulcatostrophia euglyphea Stainbrook 1945
 Strophomenida - Douvillinidae
 Productida - Productellidae
Productella thomasi Stainbrook 1945
 Productida - Monticuliferidae
Devonoproductus vulgaris Stainbrook 1945
 Productida - Araksalosiidae
"Strophalosia independensis" = Eostrophalosia independensis Stainbrook 1945
Rhynchonellata
 Rhynchonellida - Leiorhynchidae
 Rhynchonellida - Pugnacidae
 Rhynchonellida - Hypothyridinidae
Hypothyridina emmonsi Hall and Whitfield 1877
 Orthida - Rhipidomellidae
"Aulacella infera" = Stainbrookia infera
"Aulacella infera" = Stainbrookia infera Calvin 1878
 Orthida - Dalmanellidae
Cariniferella iowensis Stainbrook 1945
 Orthida - Schizophoriidae
"Schizophoria iowensis" = Schizophoria (Schizophoria) iowensis Hall 1858
Schizophoria amanaensis Stainbrook 1945
 Protorthida - Skenidiidae
 Atrypida - Atrypidae
"Pseudatrypa devoniana" = Pseudoatrypa devoniana Webster 1921
originally entered as "Pseudoatrypa devoniana"
"Costatrypa varicostata" = Atryparia (Costatrypa)
 Pentamerida - Gypidulidae
 Spiriferinida - Cyrtinidae
 Spiriferida - Echinospiriferidae
 Spiriferida - Adolfiidae
 Spiriferida - Cyrtospiriferidae
 Spiriferida - Elythidae
 Spiriferida - Thomasariidae
 Terebratulida - Cranaenidae
Craniata
 Craniida - Craniidae
Petrocrania famelica Hall and Whitfield 1872
Conodonta
 Ozarkodinida - Palmatolepidae
Palmatolepis semichatovae Ovnatanova 1976 conodont